Jaundice. I-nyongo (bile) believed to be due to too long continuance of the same diet.
Treatment: Diet is changed and purgatives administered.
Gallstone and its colic are not recognised.
Constipation. Uku-qunjeliva.
Treatment: 1. Sometimes enemata are administered. The method adopted being, to insert the smaller end of a cowhorn, with the point cut off, into the bowel and having filled the horn with the required liquid to blow with [[80]]the mouth applied to the other end and so empty the horn of its contents into the bowel.
2. Many purgatives are known and used, the chief being a. Um-quali (Euclea lanceolata) of which the bark of the roots is used.
b. In-kamamasane (Euphorbia pugniformis) The milk from the stem is a drastic cathartic, and like croton oil an escharotic.
c. Um-hlaba (Aloe ferox). The long fleshy leaves of this plant are broken off and hung up in a sun over a vessel. The juice which collects is dried in the sun, and being mixed with meal or clay is used in the form of a pill.
In some parts the juice of this aloe is used by the natives, dropped into the eye, for purulent ophthalmia.
There are many other cathartics known to and used by the native doctors as well as domestically.