August
SUMMER
A trembling haze hangs over all the fields—
The panting cattle in the river stand
Seeking the coolness which its wave scarce yields.
It seems a Sabbath thro’ the drowsy land:
So hush’d is all beneath the Summer’s spell,
I pause and listen for some faint church bell.
The leaves are motionless—the song-bird’s mute—
The very air seems somnolent and sick:
The spreading branches with o’er-ripened fruit
Show in the sunshine all their clusters thick,
While now and then a mellow apple falls
With a dull sound within the orchard’s walls.
The sky has but one solitary cloud,
Like a dark island in a sea of light;
The parching furrows ’twixt the corn-rows plough’d
Seem fairly dancing in my dazzled sight,
While over yonder road a dusty haze
Grows reddish purple in the sultry blaze.
James Barron Hope
August First
The Southampton Insurrection, which occurred in August, 1831, was one of those untoward incidents which so often marked the history of slavery. Under the leadership of one Nat Turner, a negro preacher of some education, who felt that he had been called of God to deliver his race from bondage, the negroes attacked the whites at night, and before the assault could be suppressed, fifty-seven whites, principally women and children, had been killed. This deplorable event assumed an even more portentous aspect when it was realized that the leader was a slave to whom the privilege of education had been accorded, and that one of his lieutenants was a free negro. In addition, there existed a wide-spread belief among the whites that influences and instigations from without the State were responsible for the insurrection.
Beverly B. Munford
August Second
But in addition to the Southampton Massacre, and the failure of the Legislature to enact any effective legislation, the contemporary rise of the Abolitionists in the North came as an even more powerful factor to embarrass the efforts of the Virginia emancipators. Unlike the anti-slavery men of former years, this new school not only attacked the institution of slavery, but the morality of the slaveholders and their sympathizers. In their fierce arraignment, not only were the humane and considerate linked in infamy with the cruel and intolerant, but the whole population of the slave-holding States, their civilization and their morals were the object of unrelenting and incessant assaults.