[428] Jenseits von Gut und Böse, pp. 198, 201.
[429] Die fröhliche Wissenschaft, p. 130.
[430] Jenseits von Gut und Böse, p. 147.
[431] Also Sprach Zarathustra, pt. iii., p. 74.
[432] Paris unter der dritten Republik, Vierte Auflage. Leipzig, 1890. Zola und Naturalismus Ausgewählte Pariser Briefe, Zweite Auflage. Leipzig, 1887. ‘Pot Bouille, von Zola.’
[433] Jules Huret, Enquête sur l’Évolution littéraire, p. 135.
[434] J. H. Rosny, Vamireh: Roman des Temps primitifs. Paris, 1892.
[435] Ferdinand Brunetière, Le Roman naturaliste, nouvelle édition. Paris, 1892, p. 285.
[436] Thirty years before realism began to create a disturbance in Germany, with its mania for description, the Swiss novelist, Gottfried Keller, with a curious premonition, ridiculed it. See Die Leute von Seldwyla, Auflage 12, Berlin, 1892, Band II., p. 108. (The hero of the story entitled Die missbrauchten Liebesbriefe [the misused love-letters] suddenly conceives the notion of becoming an author.) ‘He laid aside the book of commercial notes, and drew forth a smaller one provided with a little steel lock. Then he placed himself before the first tree he came to, examined it attentively, and wrote: “A beech-trunk. Pale gray, with still paler flecks and transverse stripes. Two kinds of moss cover it, one almost blackish, and one of a sheeny, velvety green. In addition, yellowish, reddish and white lichen, which often run one into another.... Might perhaps be serviceable in scenes with brigands.” Next he paused before a stake driven into the earth, on which some child had hung a dead slow-worm. He wrote: “Interesting detail. A small staff driven into the ground. Body of a silver-gray snake wound round it.... Is Mercury dead, and has he left his stick with dead snakes sticking here? This last allusion serviceable, above all, for commercial tales. N.B.—The staff or stake is old and weather-beaten; of the same colour as the snake; in places where the sun shines upon it it is covered with little silver-gray hairs. (This last observation might be new, etc.),”’ etc.
[437] Edmond et Jules de Goncourt, Manette Solomon. Paris, 1876, pp. 3, 145, 191.