The centres of the lace manufacture before 1665 were:—
| Belgium | Brussels, Mechlin, Antwerp, Liége, Louvain, Binche, Bruges, Ghent, Ypres, Courtray, etc. | |
| France | (Spread over more than ten Provinces)— | |
| Artois | Arras (Pas-de-Calais). | |
| French Flanders | Lille, Valenciennes, Bailleul (Nord). | |
| Normandy | Dieppe, Le Hâvre (Seine-Inférieure). | |
| Ile de France | Paris and its environs. | |
| Auvergne | Aurillac (Cantal). | |
| Velay | Le Puy (Haute-Loire). | |
| Lorraine | Mirecourt (Vosges). | |
| Burgundy | Dijon (Côte-d'or). | |
| Champagne | Charleville, Sedan (Ardennes). | |
| Lyonnais | Lyon (Rhône). | |
| Poitou | Loudun (Vienne). | |
| Languedoc | Muret (Haute-Garonne). | |
| Italy | Genoa, Venice, Milan, Ragusa, etc. | |
| Spain | La Mancha, and in Catalonia especially. | |
| Germany | Saxony, Bohemia, Hungary, Denmark, and Principality of Gotha. | |
| England | Counties of Bedford, Bucks, Dorset, and Devon. | |
Industrial Arts of the Nineteenth Century, Digby Wyatt.
Francesco Nardi. Sull' Origine dell' Arte del Ricamo. Padova, 1839.
Ricamare. Recamar.