“St. John’s, Antigua, Jan. 16, 1787.
“Dear Sir,—Prince William Henry arrived here the latter end of last month in the Pegasus frigate. His appearance has put this little community into a ferment. Addresses were immediately presented to him from the legislative body, and likewise from the merchants, expressive of loyalty to his royal father, and of the happiness and honour his highness had conferred on them by his gracious visit. The address of the legislature was read and presented by a Mr. John Burke, solicitor-general of the Leeward Islands, and speaker of the assembly of this island; but, notwithstanding this gentleman has been for years hackneyed at the bar, and is a bold orator; yet, on this occasion, to the astonishment of every bystander, he was nearly bereft of the power of utterance. The merchants’ address was read and presented by a Mr. John Scotland. His highness received these effusions of loyalty to his illustrious parent, and of respect to himself, with great satisfaction, and returned gracious answers. Each of these bodies gave a public dinner and ball for his highness’s entertainment. The prince opened both balls with Miss A——— (Athill), a beautiful young lady of respectable family; and his affability, politeness, and condescension, to every person who had the honour of his conversation, was as conspicuous as it was pleasing. The ladies put their best smiles upon their faces, and their best adornments upon their persons; indeed, every individual seemed emulous of shewing respect to the royal visitor. Many offers of particular attention and civility have been made to his highness, which he in general declined, wishing rather to appear in the humble character of a private gentleman, than in the dignified situation of a prince. How long he means to honour this isle with his presence, I cannot with certainty learn,—it will probably be several months; the people here, I believe, hope and wish it may be for years. The negroes look at the Grande Bocrah (so they call the prince) with astonishment, and sometimes incommode him as he walks the streets; but his highness possesses all that admired frankness and noble liberality so characteristic in a British seaman, and will frequently condescend to talk with them. Capt. Nelson, of the “Boreas,” Capt. Holloway, of the “Solebar,” and the other principal naval officers on this station, are his highness’s chief attendants on all occasions.
“I remain, &c. &c.”
In 1788, two Jews were tried at the court of grand sessions, for a robbery committed upon one of their tribe. “Marcus” (the name of the one most culpable) was condemned to suffer death by hanging, but was afterwards pardoned; while “Vanban” (the name of the other culprit) was sentenced to stand in the pillory for a certain number of hours. This punishment, however, did not appear to make due impression upon the guilty Israelite, for a spectator of the exhibition (in a letter written to a friend) describes him as standing there with the utmost assurance, “holding, with one hand, his hat before his face, and with the other, supporting an umbrella to prevent the sun warming his head.”
In the latter end of June, 1788, Sir Thomas Shirley quitted the government, and sailed for England in the “Roehampton,” commanded by Captain Ross. His excellency, it appears, felt aggrieved at some treatment he received from the legislature, and accordingly, upon his departure, he refused the vote of civility from that body, and proceeded on board the vessel, attended only by his private secretary. Mr. Nugent assumed the command as lieutenant-governor, and soon after his arrival, a new road, leading to Five Islands Division, was made, and great care taken to drive piles in that part of the town known as the “Big Market,” in order to prevent, if possible, any further encroachment of sea, which had, within the last few months, almost destroyed the old highway.
In 1790, Sir Thomas Shirley again resumed the government of the Leeward Islands, and soon after his arrival, it was enacted by the legislature, that it should be lawful for the vestry of St. John’s to levy a tax (not exceeding 2l. per cent. on value of goods sold) upon every transient or non-resident trader who shall visit the island, which tax was to be applied to the maintenance of ministers, the poor of the parish, or any similar purposes. The following year the fortifications at Dow’s Hill were commenced, the appearance of which, at this day, proves the erector’s knowledge of rampart and bastion. Amendments were also made (1791) as regarded the keeping of rum-shops, or selling any spirituous liquors. Prior to this period, no free negro or mulatto could keep such an establishment, or sell any strong drink or wine under a heavy penalty; or if even they were concerned in such a business with a white person, it was punishable in both; but under this government the case was altered, for upon applying to the court of king’s bench, persons of their caste and colour could obtain a licence by giving security. An act was passed (containing 227 clauses) for the better regulating the island courts, and due methods effected for an improved administration of justice. It had been formerly the practice in Antigua to burn such felons as were within the benefit of clergy, in the hand, but this year the punishment was commuted to public or private whippings, inflicted once or oftener, but not more than at three different periods. This was the last decree signed by his excellency: he appears to have been an able and just governor, and well calculated for a representative of royalty. After the departure of his excellency, John Nugent, Esq., resumed the command as lieutenant-governor until the following year, when the Honourable William Woodley was re-appointed.
[[50]] For genealogy of this gentleman, and when created a Baronet, see Appendix, No. 15.
CHAPTER XI.
Governors: William Woodley—John Stanley—Major-General Charles Leigh—Archibald Esdail—John S. Thomas—Robert Thomson.