| BOOK I. QUADRUPEDS, OR FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. POPULAR AND SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF THE ANIMALS DESCRIBED. | |||
|---|---|---|---|
⁂ Where no synonyme is given, the Linnæan name is the only one in use;and when the synonymes are seldom used, they are marked thus *. When noLinnæan name is given, the animal was not described by Linnæus. | |||
| Section I.—CARNIVOROUS, OR FLESH-EATING ANIMALS. | |||
| English Name | Linnæan Name | Synonymes | Page |
| Lion | Felis Leo | *Leo vulgaris.—Leach | [1] |
| Lioness | Ibid. | [7] | |
| Tiger | Felis Tigris | [9] | |
| Leopard | Felis Leopardus | [12] | |
| Panther | Felis Pardus | [13] | |
| Ounce | Felis Uncia.—Schreb. | [14] | |
| Ocelot | Felis Pardalis | [14] | |
| Hunting Leopard,or Cheetah | Felis jubata | Cynailurus jubatus.—Wag. | [15] |
| Jaguar | Felis Onca | [16] | |
| Puma | Felis concolor | Felis Puma.—Trail *Leo Americanus.—Her. *Puma concolor.—Jard. | [18] |
| Common Lynx | Felis Lynx | *Lyncus vulgaris.—Gray | [19] |
| Canadian Lynx | Felis Canadensis.—Geoff. *Lyncus Canadensis.—Gray | [19] | |
| Caracal | Felis Caracal.—Schreb. | [20] | |
| Domestic Cat | Felis domestica | [20] | |
| Wild Cat | Felis Catus | [22] | |
| Dogs | Canis familiaris and var. | [23] | |
| Shepherd’s Dog | [23] | ||
| Bloodhound | [25] | ||
| Foxhound | [27] | ||
| Pointer | [28] | ||
| Mastiff | [29] | ||
| Bulldog | [30] | ||
| Terrier | [31] | ||
| Spaniel | [32] | ||
| Water Spaniel | [33] | ||
| Newfoundland Dog | [34] | ||
| Greyhound | [36] | ||
| Fox | Canis Vulpes | Vulpes vulgaris.—Briss. | [37] |
| Arctic Fox | Canis lagopus | Vulpes lagopus | [39] |
| Wolf | Canis Lupus | *Lupus vulgaris | [40] |
| Jackal | Canis aureus | [42] | |
| Striped Hyæna | Canis Hyæna | Hyæna striata.—Zimm. | [43] |
| Spotted Hyæna | Hyæna Crocuta | [44] | |
| Black Bear | Ursus Americanus | [45] | |
| Grisly Bear | Ursus ferox | [46] | |
| Brown Bear | Ursus Arctos | [46] | |
| Malayan Sun Bear | Ursus Malayanus | [48] | |
| Polar Bear | Ursus maritimus.—Gmel. | [50] | |
| Racoon | Ursus Lotor | Procyon Lotor.—Cuv. | [51] |
| Badger | Ursus Meles | Meles Taxus.—Blum. | [53] |
| Coati-Mondi | Viverra Nasua | Nasua narica.—F. Cuv. | [53] |
| Civet | Viverra Civetta.—Schreb. | [54] | |
| Genet | Viverra Genetta | Genetta vulgaris.—Cuv. | [55] |
| Oriental Civet | Viverra Zibetha | [56] | |
| Ichneumon, orEgyptian Mangouste | Viverra Ichneumon | Herpestes Ichneumon | [56] |
| Weasel | Mustela vulgaris | [58] | |
| Ferret | Mustela furo | *Viverra furo.—Shaw | [60] |
| Polecat | Mustela putorius | Putorius vulgaris.—Cuv. | [61] |
| Ermine | Mustela erminea | [62] | |
| Skunk | Mustela or Mephitis Americana | [63] | |
| Sable | Mustela or Martes Zibellina | [64] | |
| Marten | Mustela Martes | Martes foina.—Gray | [65] |
| Otter | Mustela Lutra | Lutra vulgaris.—Erxl. | [66] |
| Sea Otter | Mustela Lutris | Enhydra Lutris.—Gray | [68] |
| Seal | Phoca vitulina | *Phoca variegata.—Niel. Calocephalus vitulinus.—Cuv. | [69] |
| Walrus | Trichechus Rosmarus | [72] | |
| Section II.—INSECT-EATING ANIMALS. | |||
| Hedgehog | Erinaceus Europæus | [74] | |
| Mole | Talpa Europæa | Talpa vulgaris.—Briss. | [76] |
| Shrew | Sorex araneus | [78] | |
| Water Shrew | Sorex fodiens | [79] | |
| Section III.—CHEIROPTEROUS ANIMALS. | |||
| Bat | Vespertilio noctula | [80] | |
| Pipistrelle | Vespertilio Pipistrellus | [81] | |
| Long-eared Bat | Vespertilio auritus | Plecotus auritus.—Gray | [81] |
| Vampyre Bat | Vespertilio spectrum | Phyllostoma spectrum.—Geoff. | [82] |
| Kalong Bat | Pteropus edulis.—Péron. | [83] | |
| Section IV.—MARSUPIALIA, OR POUCH-BEARING ANIMALS. | |||
| Kangaroo | Macropus giganteus.—Shaw and Cuv. *Halmaturus.—Illig. and *Kangurus.—Desm. | [84] | |
| Opossum | Didelphis Virginiana | [86] | |
| Phalanger | Phalangista vulpina.—Desm. | [87] | |
| Section V.—RODENTIA, OR GNAWING ANIMALS. | |||
| Beaver | Castor Fiber | [88] | |
| Musk Rat | Fiber zibethicus.—Des. Ondatra zibethica.—Lacep. | [90] | |
| Hare | Lepus timidus | [91] | |
| Rabbit (Wild) | Lepus cuniculus | [93] | |
| Rabbit (Domestic) | [94] | ||
| Squirrel | Sciurus vulgaris | [95] | |
| Dormouse | Mus avellanarius | Myoxus muscardinus.—Schreb. | [96] |
| Marmot, or Alpine Rat | Mus marmotta | Arctomys Marmotta.—Gmel. | [97] |
| Guinea-pig | Mus porcellus | Cavia cobaya.—Pall. Cavia aperea.—Erxl. Hydrochœrus aperea.—F. Cuv. | [98] |
| Mouse | Mus musculus | [99] | |
| Rat | Mus decumanus | [100] | |
| Water Rat | Mus amphibius | Mus aquaticus.—Briss. *Lemmus aquaticus.—F. Cuv.—Arvicola amphibia.—Desm. and Jenyns. Arvicola aquatica.—Flem. | [102] |
| Lemming | Mus Lemmus | Myodes Lemmus.—Pall. | [103] |
| Jerboa | Dipus Jerboa.—Gmel. Mus sagitta.—Pall. | [104] | |
| Chinchilla | Chinchilla lanigera | [105] | |
| Porcupine | Hystrix cristata | [106] | |
| Couendou | Hystrix prehensilis | Synetheres prehensilis.—Cuv. | [106] |
| Section VI.—EDENTATA, OR TOOTHLESS ANIMALS. | |||
| Sloth | Bradypus tridactylus | [107] | |
| Armadillo | Dasypus sexcinctus | [109] | |
| Ant-eater | Myrmecophaga jubata | [110] | |
| Duck-billed Platypus | Ornithorhynchus paradoxus.—Blum. Platypus anatinus.—Shaw. | [111] | |
| Section VII.—PACHYDERMATA, OR THICK-SKINNED ANIMALS. | |||
| Elephant | Elephas Indicus | [113] | |
| Hippopotamus,or River Horse | Hippopotamus amphibius | [116] | |
| Rhinoceros | Rhinoceros unicornis | [117] | |
| Hog (Domestic) | Sus scrofa | [118] | |
| Wild Boar | Sus scrofa | Sus aper.—Briss. | [120] |
| Babiroussa | Sus Babyrussa | Babirussa Alfurus.—Less. | [122] |
| Peccary | Dicotyles labiatus.—Cuv. | [122] | |
| Tapir | Tapirus Americanus.—Schreb. | [123] | |
| Horse | Equus caballus | [124] | |
| Ass | Equus Asinus | Asinus vulgaris.—Gray | [127] |
| Mule | [130] | ||
| Kiang | Equus Hemionus.—Pall. | [131] | |
| Zebra | Equus Zebra | [132] | |
| Section VIII.—RUMINATING ANIMALS. | |||
| Bull | Bos Taurus, var. domesticus | [134] | |
| Cow | [136] | ||
| Wild Bull | Bos Taurus, var. Scoticus | [137] | |
| Buffalo | Bos Bubalus | Bubalus Caffer | [139] |
| Bison | Bos Bonasus | Bison Bonasus | [141] |
| Brahmin Bull, or Zebu | Bos Taurus, var. Indicus | [143] | |
| Sheep | Ovis Aries | *Capra ovis.—Blum. | [144] |
| Ram | [146] | ||
| Wallachian Ram | [146] | ||
| Argali, or WildSheep of Asia | Ovis Ammon | [147] | |
| Goat | Capra Hircus | [147] | |
| Ibex, or Boquetin | Capra Ibex | [148] | |
| Antelope | Capra Cervicapra | Antilope Cervicapra.—Pall. | [149] |
| Gazelle | Capra Dorcas | Antilope Dorcas—Pall. | [150] |
| Chamois | Capra rupicapra | Antilope rupicapra.—Pall. | [151] |
| Nyl Ghau | Antilope picta.—Pall. | [152] | |
| Gnu | Antilope Gnu.—Gmel. | [154] | |
| Stag | Cervus Elaphus | [155] | |
| Wapiti | Cervus Canadensis.—Gmel. *Cervus strongyloceros.—Schres. | [157] | |
| Roebuck | Cervus capreolus | [158] | |
| Fallow Deer | Cervus Dama | [159] | |
| Elk | Cervus Alces | [160] | |
| Reindeer | Cervus Tarandus | *Cervus Rangifer.—Ray. Rangifer Tarandus | [161] |
| Axis | Cervus axis | [163] | |
| Musk Deer | Moschus Moschiferus | [163] | |
| Giraffe | Cervus Camelopardalis | Camelopardalis Giraffa.—Gmel. | [164] |
| Camel | Camelus Bactrianus | [168] | |
| Dromedary | Camelus Dromedarius | [170] | |
| Llama | Camelus glama | Auchenia glama.—Illig. | [172] |
| Section IX.—QUADRUMANA, OR FOUR-HANDED ANIMALS. | |||
| Ourang Outan | Simia satyrus | [173] | |
| Chimpanzee | Troglodytes niger.—Geoff. | [174] | |
| Gorilla | Troglodytes Gorilla | [176] | |
| Barbary Ape | Simia inuus | Inuus sylvanus.—Cuv. | [177] |
| Baboon | Cynocephalus porcarius.—Desm. and Cuv. | [174] | |
| Proboscis Monkey | Nasalis larvatus.—Geoff. | [180] | |
| Diana Monkey | Simia Diana | Cercopithecus Diana.—Geoff. | [180] |
| Capuchin Monkey | Simia Capucina | Cebus capucinus.—Des. | [182] |
| Spider Monkey | Simia Paniscus | Ateles Paniscus.—Geoff. | [182] |
| Ouistit or Marmozet | Simia Jacchus | Jacchus vulgaris.—Geoff. | [183] |
| Marikina | Simia Rosalia | Jacchus Rosalia | [183] |
| Lemur | Lemur Macaco | [184] | |
| Mongoos | Lemur albifrons.—Geoff. | [184] | |
| BOOK II. INHABITANTS OF THE AIR. | |||
| Section I.—Raptores.—DIURNAL BIRDS OF PREY. | |||
| Golden Eagle | Falco chrysaëtos | Aquila chrysaëtos | [185] |
| Sea Eagle | Falco albicilla | Haliæetus albicilla.—Sav. | [188] |
| Bald Eagle | Falco leucocephalus | Haliæetus leucocephalus.—Sav. | [189] |
| Osprey orFishing Hawk | Falco haliaëtus | Pandion haliaëtus.—Cuv. | [191] |
| Black Eagle | Falco melanaëtos | [194] | |
| Vulture | Vultur Papa | Sarcorhampus Papa.—Dum. | [195] |
| Condor | Vultur Gryphus | Sarcorhampus Gryphus.—Dum. | [196] |
| Buzzard | Falco Buteo | Buteo vulgaris.—Bech. | [197] |
| Honey Buzzard | Falco apivorus | Pernis apivorus.—Cuv. | [199] |
| Goshawk | Falco palumbarius | Astur palumbarius.—Bech. | [200] |
| Sparrow-hawk | Falco Nisus | Accipiter Nisus.—Pall. Nisus communis—Cuv. | [202] |
| Kite | Falco Milvus | Milvus regalis.—Cuv. | [203] |
| Jer Falcon | Falco Gyrfalco | Falco islandicus | [204] |
| Peregrine Falcon | Falco peregrinus | [205] | |
| Merlin | Falco æsalon | Hypotriorchis æsalon.—Gray | [208] |
| Kestrel | Falco Tinnunculus | Tinnunculus alaudarius.—Gray | [210] |
| Secretary Bird | Serpentarius reptilivorus.—Daud. | [211] | |
| Hen Harrier | Falco cyaneus | Circus cyaneus—Boié | [213] |
| Section II.—NOCTURNAL BIRDS OF PREY. | |||
| Horned Owl | Strix Bubo | Bubo maximus.—Flem. | [214] |
| Harfang, or Snowy Owl | Strix nyctea | Surnia Nyctea—Selby | [215] |
| Barn Owl | Strix flammea | [216] | |
| Section III.—INSESSORES, OR PERCHING BIRDS. | |||
| Butcher-Bird,or Shrike | Lanius excubitor | [217] | |
| Water Ouzel,or Dipper | Turdus Cinclus.—Lath. Merula aquatica.—Briss. Cinclus aquaticus.—Bech. | [219] | |
| Blackbird | Turdus Merula | [220] | |
| Missel Thrush | Turdus viscivorus | [221] | |
| Redwing | Turdus iliacus | [222] | |
| Fieldfare | Turdus pilaris | [223] | |
| Ring Ouzel | Turdus torquatus | [224] | |
| Mocking Bird | Turdus polyglottus | [225] | |
| Redbreast | Motacilla rubecula. | Sylvia rubecula.—Lath. Erythacus rubecula | [226] |
| Nightingale | Motacilla luscinia | Sylvia luscinia.—Lath. Curruca luscinia—Bech. Philomela luscinia | [228] |
| Blackcap | Motacilla atricapilla | Sylvia.—Lath. and Currucaatricapilla—Bech. | [231] |
| Wren | Motacilla Troglodytes | Sylvia.—Lath. Troglodytes Europæus.—Cuv. Troglodytes vulgaris.—Flem. | [232] |
| Willow Wren | Motacilla trochilus | Silvia trochilus.—Lath. Regulus trochilus.—Cuv. | [233] |
| Golden-crested Wren | Motacilla Regulus | Regulus cristatus.—Will. | [235] |
| Grey Water Wagtail | Motacilla boarula | [236] | |
| Red Wagtails | [237] | ||
| Swallow | Hirundo rustica | [238] | |
| Martin | Hirundo urbica | [241] | |
| Swift | Hirundo apus | Cypselus apus | [243] |
| Goatsucker | Caprimulgus Europæus | [244] | |
| Skylark | Alauda arvensis | [245] | |
| Woodlark | Alauda arborea | [247] | |
| Titmouse | Parus cœruleus | [248] | |
| Long-tailed Tit | Parus caudatus | [248] | |
| Yellow Hammer | Emberiza citrinella | [249] | |
| Wheatear | Motacilla Œnanthe | Silvia Œnanthe.—Lath. Saxicola Œnanthe.—Bech. | [250] |
| Whinchat | Motacilla Rubetra | Saxicola rubetra.—Bech. | [250] |
| Sparrow | Fringilla domestica | *Pyrgita domestica.—Cuv. Passer domesticus.—Ray. | [252] |
| Linnet | Fringilla cannabina | Fringilla Linota.—Gmel. Linaria Linota.—Cuv. | [253] |
| Canary Bird | Fringilla Canaria | Carduelis Canaria | [254] |
| Chaffinch | Fringilla cœlebs | [256] | |
| Bullfinch | Loxia pyrrhula | Pyrrhula vulgaris.—Tem. | [258] |
| Goldfinch | Fringilla carduelis | Carduelis communis.—Cuv.; Carduelis elegans.—Steph. | [259] |
| Crossbill | Loxia curvirostra | [261] | |
| Starling | Sturnus vulgaris | [262] | |
| Satin Bower Bird | Ptilonorhynchus Holosericeus.—Kuhl Kitta.—Lesson. Graucalus.—Cuv. | [263] | |
| Raven | Corvus corax | [265] | |
| Crow | Corvus corone | [268] | |
| Rook | Corvus frugilegus | [269] | |
| Jackdaw | Corvus monedula | [271] | |
| Magpie | Corvus pica | Pica caudata | [272] |
| Chough | Corvus graculus | Pyrrhocorax graculus.—Tem. | [274] |
| Jay | Corvus glandarius | Garrulus glandarius.—Briss. and Cuv. | [275] |
| Roller | Coracias garrula | [276] | |
| Kingfisher | Alcedo ispida | [277] | |
| Bird of Paradise | Paradisea apoda | [279] | |
| Nuthatch | Sitta Europæa | [281] | |
| Creeper | Certhia familiaris | [281] | |
| Wall Creeper | Tichodroma muraria | [283] | |
| Lyre Bird | Menura superba | [284] | |
| Humming-Bird | Trochilus colubris | [287] | |
| Hoopoe | Upupa epops | [288] | |
| Section IV.—SCANSORES, OR CLIMBERS. | |||
| Cuckoo | Cuculus canorus | [290] | |
| Woodpecker | Picus viridis | [294] | |
| Wryneck | Yunx torquilla | [296] | |
| Toucan | Ramphastos tucanus | [297] | |
| Grey Parrot | Psittacus erythacus | [298] | |
| Green Parrot | Psittacus Amazonicus | [300] | |
| Blue and YellowMacaw | Psittacus aracanga | Macrocereus aracanga.—Viell. | [300] |
| Ring Paroquet | Psittacus Alexandri | Palæornis Alexandri.—Vig. | [301] |
| Warbling Grass Paroquet | Melopsittacus undulatus | [302] | |
| Cockatoo | Psittacus galeritus | Plyctolophus galeritus | [302] |
| Section V.—GALLINACEOUS BIRDS. | |||
| Peacock | Pavo cristatus | [304] | |
| Turkey | Meleagris Gallo-Pavo | [306] | |
| Guinea Fowl | Numida Meleagris | [308] | |
| Mound Bird | Megapodius tumulus | [310] | |
| Pheasant | Phasianus Colchicus | [313] | |
| Red-legged Partridge | Tetrao Rufus | Perdix rufus | [315] |
| Partridge | Tetrao Perdix | Perdix cinerea.—Lath. | [316] |
| Quail | Tetrao Coturnix | Coturnix major.—Briss. Coturnix vulgaris.—Flem. Coturnix Europæus.—Wils. Perdix Coturnix.—Lath. Coturnix dactylisonans.—Gould | [318] |
| American Quail | Ortyx Virginianus | [319] | |
| Grouse, or Moor Fowl | Lagopus Scoticus.—Lath. *Bonasa Scotica.—Briss. | [320] | |
| Ptarmigan | Tetrao Lagopus | Lagopus vulgaris.—Wils. Tetrao rupestris.—Gmel. | [321] |
| Black Cock | Tetrao Tetrix | *Uriogallis minor.—Ray. | [322] |
| Capercailzie | Tetrao Urogallus | [323] | |
| Cock | Phasianus Gallus | Gallus domesticus.—Wils. Gallus Sonnerati | [324] |
| Bankiva,Jago, Spanish, and Bantam Cocks, | [326] | ||
| Dodo | Didus ineptus | [328] | |
| Ringdove | Columba palumbus | [330] | |
| Stockdove | Columba Œnas | [331] | |
| Rock Dove | Columba livia | [332] | |
| Turtledove | Columba turtur | [335] | |
| Section VI.—GRALLATORES, OR WADERS. | |||
| Ostrich | Struthio Camelus | [337] | |
| Rhea | Struthio Rhea | Rhea Americana | [340] |
| Cassowary | Struthio Casuarius | Casuarius galeatus.—Viel. | [341] |
| Emeu | Dromaius ater.—Viel. Dromaius Novæ Hollandiæ | [343] | |
| Apteryx | Apteryx Australis.—Shaw | [344] | |
| Bustard | Otis tarda | [345] | |
| Crane | Ardea Grus | Grus cinerea.—Bech. | [347] |
| Balearic Crane | Ardea pavonina | Anthropoides pavonina.—Viel. Balearica pavonina.—Vig. | [349] |
| Stork | Ardea Ciconia | Ciconia alba.—Cuv. | [350] |
| Adjutant | Leptoptilus argala | [352] | |
| Heron | Ardea cinerea | [354] | |
| Bittern | Ardea stellaris | Botaurus stellaris.—Steph. | [356] |
| Spoonbill | Platalea leucorodia | [358] | |
| Ibis | Ibis religiosa.—Sav. | [359] | |
| Curlew | Scolopax arquata | Numenius arquatus.—Lath. | [360] |
| Redshank | Scolopax calidris | Totanus calidris.—Bech. | [361] |
| Godwit | Scolopax ægocephala | Limosa melanura.—Tem. Limosa ægocephala | [362] |
| Ruff and Reeve | Tringa pugnax | Machetes pugnax | [363] |
| Snipe | Scolopax Gallinago | [365] | |
| Woodcock | Scolopax rusticola | [366] | |
| Knot | Tringa Canutus | Tringa cinerea.—Gmel. | [367] |
| Grey Plover | Tringa squatarola and T. helvetica | Squatarola helvetica.—Cuv. Squatarola cinerea | [368] |
| Golden Plover | Charadrius pluvialis | [369] | |
| Dottrel | Charadrius Morinellus | [370] | |
| Lapwing or Peewit | Tringa vanellus | Vanellus cristatus.—Mey. | [371] |
| Water Hen | Fulica chloropus | Gallinula chloropus | [373] |
| Corncrake, or Land Rail | Rallus crex | Crex pratensis.—Bech. Ortygometra crex | [374] |
| Coot | Fulica atra | [376] | |
| Section VII.—PALMIPEDES, OR WEB-FOOTED BIRDS. | |||
| Pelican | Pelicanus onocrotalus | [377] | |
| Cormorant | Pelicanus Carbo | Carbo Cormoranus.—Mey. Phalacrocorax Carbo.—Cuv. | [379] |
| Crested Cormorant | Pelicanus graculus | Phalacrocorax graculus.—Cuv. | [380] |
| Solan Goose, or Gannet | Pelicanus Bassanus | Pelicanus maculatus.—Gmel. Anser bassanus.—Ray. Sula alba.—Mey. Sula bassana.—Bris. | [381] |
| Tame Swan | Anas olor | Cygnus olor.—Ray. | [383] |
| Wild Swan | Anas Cygnus | Cygnus ferus.—Ray. | [384] |
| Goose | Anas anser | Anser palustris.—Flem. Anser ferus.—Wils. Anser sylvestris.—Briss. | [386] |
| Duck | Anas Boschas | Anas fera.—Briss. | [388] |
| Eider Duck | Anas mollissima | Somateria mollissima.—Leach. | [389] |
| Widgeon | Anas Penelope | Mareca fistularis.-Steph. Anatra Mangiana.—Stor. | [390] |
| Teal | Anas Crecca | Querquedula Crecca.—Steph. | [391] |
| Common Gull | Laruscanus | [392] | |
| Stormy Petrel | Procellaria pelagica | Thalassidroma pelagica.—Vigors | [393] |
| Fulmar | Procellaria glacialis | [395] | |
| Albatross | Diomedea exulans | [396] | |
| Great Northern Diver | Colymbus glacialis | [397] | |
| Puffin | Alca arctica | Fratercula arctica.—Leach. | [398] |
| Great Auk | Alca impennis | [399] | |
| Penguin | [400] | ||
| BOOK III. INHABITANTS OF THE WATER. | |||
| Section I.—CETACEA, OR SEA MAMMALIA. | |||
| Common Whale | Balæna mysticetus | [401] | |
| Rorqual | Balæna Boops | Balænoptera Boops.—Lacep. | [407] |
| Spermaceti Whale | Physeter macrocephalus | [407] | |
| Dolphin | Delphinus Delphis | [409] | |
| White Whale | Beluga leucas.—Gray. Beluga arctica.—Less. Delphinapterus Beluga.—Lacep. | [410] | |
| Porpoise | Delphinus Phocæna | Phocæna vulgaris | [412] |
| Sea Unicorn | Monodon monoceros | [414] | |
| Manatee | Manatus Australis.—Tiles. | [415] | |
| Section II.—CARTILAGINOUS FISHES. | |||
| Sturgeon | Acipenser sturio | [416] | |
| Shark | Squalus Carcharias | Carcharias vulgaris.—Cuv. | [417] |
| Greenland Shark | Salachus maximus | [420] | |
| Dog-Fish | [420] | ||
| Hammer-headed Shark | Zygoma malleus | [421] | |
| Thornback | Raia clavata | [422] | |
| Skate, or Maid | Raia batis | [424] | |
| Torpedo | Raia Torpedo | Torpedo Narke.—Risso | [425] |
| Monk Fish, or Angel Fish | Squalus squatina | Squatina Angelus.—Dum. | [426] |
| Saw Fish | Squalus Pristis | Pristis antiquorum.—Lath. | [427] |
| Lamprey | Petromyzon marinus | [427] | |
| Hag-Fish | Myxine glutinosa | Gastrobranchus cæcus.—Bl. | [428] |
| Section III.—BONY FISHES. | |||
| Pilot Fish | Gasterosteus ductor | Naucrates ductor.—Cuv. | [429] |
| Remora or Sucking Fish | Echeneis Remora | [430] | |
| Sea Wolf | Anarrhichas lupus | [431] | |
| Horned Silure | Silurus militaris | Ageneiosis milit.—Lacep. | [432] |
| Father Lasher | Cottus scorpius | [433] | |
| Sword Fish | Xiphias gladius | [433] | |
| Flying Scorpion | Scorpæna volitans.—Emel. Pteroïs volitans.—Cuv. | [435] | |
| Lump-sucker | Cyclopterus lumpus | [436] | |
| Ocellated-sucker | Lepadogaster cornubicus.—Cuv. | [437] | |
| Angler | Lophius piscatorius | [438] | |
| Four-horned Trunk Fish | Ostracion quadricornis | [439] | |
| Globe Fish | Tetraodon hispidus | [440] | |
| Sun Fish | Tetraodon Mola | Orthagariscus Mola.—Schn. | [441] |
| Sea Horse | Syngnathus Hippocampus | Hippocampus brevirostris.—Cuv. | [442] |
| Flying Fish | Exocætus volitans | [443] | |
| Gurnard | Trigla cuculus | [444] | |
| John Dory | Zeus faber | [446] | |
| Blepharis | Blepharis ciliaris.—Bl. | [447] | |
| Opah, or King Fish | Lampris guttatus.—Retz. | [447] | |
| Cod Fish | Gadus Morrhua | Morrhua vulgaris.—Cuv. | [448] |
| Haddock | Gadus Æglefinus | Morrhua Æglefinus.—Cuv. | [449] |
| Whiting | Gadus Merlangus | Merlangus vulgaris.—Cuv. | [451] |
| Ling | Gadus molva | Lota molva.—Cuv. Asellus.—Will. Molva vulgaris.—Flem. | [451] |
| Mackerel | Scomber Scomber | Scomber Scombrus.—Cuv. Scomber vulgaris.—Flem. | [453] |
| Gar Fish | Esox Belone | Belone vulgaris.—Cuv. | [454] |
| Herring | Clupea Harengus | [455] | |
| Sprat | Clupea Sprattus | [456] | |
| Pilchard | Clupea pilchardus | [457] | |
| Whitebait | Clupea alba.—Yarrell | [458] | |
| Anchovy | Clupea encrasicolus | Engraulis encrasicolus.—Flem. Engraulis vulgaris.—Cuv. | [458] |
| Turbot | Pleuronectes maximus | Rhombus maximus.—Cuv. | [459] |
| Plaice | Pleuronectes platessa | Platessa vulgaris.—Flem. | [460] |
| Flounder | Pleuronectes flesus | Platessa flesus.—Flem. Pleuronectes fluviatilis.—Will. | [461] |
| Sole | Pleuronectes solea | Solea vulgaris.—Cuv. | [461] |
| Salmon Pink | [462] | ||
| Salmon | Salmo salar | [463] | |
| Salmon Trout | Salmo trutta | [465] | |
| Trout | Salmo fario | [466] | |
| Char | Salmo salvelinus | Salmo alpoinus.—Pen. | [469] |
| Grayling | Salmo thymallus | Thymallus vulgaris.—Cuv. | [470] |
| Smelt | Salmo eperlanus | Osmerus eperlanus.—Flem. Eperlanus Rondeletii.—Will. | [471] |
| Pike | Esox lucius | [472] | |
| Perch | Perca fluviatilis | [474] | |
| Pope, or Ruffe | Perca cernua | Acerina cernua.—Cuv. | [474] |
| Basse | Perca labrax | Labrax lupus.—Cuv. | [475] |
| Carp | Cyprinus carpio | [477] | |
| Tench | Cyprinus tinca | Tinca vulgaris.—Cuv. | [478] |
| Gold Fish | Cyprinus auratus | [479] | |
| Gudgeon | Cyprinus gobio | Gobio fluviatilis.—Will. | [480] |
| Chub | Cyprinus cephalus | Leuciscus cephalus.—Flem. | [481] |
| Barbel | Cyprinus barbus | Barbus vulgaris.—Cuv. | [482] |
| Dace | Cyprinus leuciscus | Leuciscus vulgaris.—Cuv. | [482] |
| Roach | Cyprinus rutilus | Leuciscus rutilus.—Cuv. | [483] |
| Bleak | Cyprinus alburnus | Leuciscus alburnus.—Cuv. | [483] |
| Bream | Cyprinus brama | Abramis brama.—Cuv. | [484] |
| Minnow | Cyprinus phoxinus | Leuciscus phoxinus.—Cuv. | [485] |
| Loach | Cobitis barbatula | [486] | |
| Bullhead | Cottus Gobio | [486] | |
| Stickleback | Gasterosteus aculiatus | [487] | |
| Electrical Eel | Gymnotus electricus | [488] | |
| Eel | Muræna Anguilla | Anguilla vulgaris.—Thun. | [490] |
| Conger Eel | Muræna conger | Conger vulgaris.—Cuv. | [492] |
| BOOK IV. REPTILES. | |||
| Section I.—SERPENTS, OR OPHIDIAN REPTILES. | |||
| Viper, or Adder | Coluber Borus | Vipera Berus.—Daud. Pelias Berus.—Merr. | [495] |
| Horned Viper | Coluber cerastes | Vipera cerastes. Cerastes Hasselquistii | [497] |
| Rattle Snake | Crotalus horridus | [498] | |
| Haje | Coluber Haje | Naja Haje.—Groff. | [499] |
| Cobra di Capello | Coluber Naja | Naja tripudians.—Merr. | [500] |
| Snake | Coluber natrix | Natrix torquata.—Ray. | [501] |
| Boa | Boa constrictor | [502] | |
| Amphisbæna | Amphisbæna fuliginosa | [503] | |
| Section II.—BATRACHIAN REPTILES. | |||
| Frog | Rana temporaria | [505] | |
| Toad | Rana Bufo | Bufo vulgaris.—Laur. | [507] |
| Surinam Toad | Rana Pipa | Pipa Americana.—Laur. | [509] |
| Newt | Lacerta aquatica | Triton aquaticus | [510] |
| Great Newt | Triton balustris | [511] | |
| Section III.—SAURIAN REPTILES. | |||
| Lizard | Lacerta vivipara | Lacerta agilis.—Briss. Zootoca vivipara.—Wag. | [512] |
| Iguana | Lacerta Iguana | Iguana tuberculata.—Laur. | [513] |
| Flying Lizard | Draco volans | [514] | |
| Chameleon | Lacerta Chamæleon | Chamæleo vulgaris.—Cuv. | [515] |
| Crocodile | Lacerta Crocodilus | Crocodilus vulgaris.—Cuv. | [517] |
| Alligator, or Cayman | Lacerta Alligator | Alligator Lucius.—Cuv. | [518] |
| Section IV.-CHELONIAN REPTILES. | |||
| Tortoise | Testudo Græca | [520] | |
| Turtle | Testudo midas | Chelonia midas.—Briss. | [521] |
| Hawk’s Bill Turtle | Testudo imbricata | Chelonia imbricata.—Briss. | [523] |
| Leathery Turtle | Testudo coriacea | Sphargis coriacea | [524] |
| BOOK V. MOLLUSCOUS ANIMALS. | |||
| Section I.—BIVALVES, OR THOSE HAVING TWO SHELLS. | |||
| Pearl Oyster | Mytilus Margaritiferus | Avicula margaritifera.—Lam. | [525] |
| Oyster | Ostrea edulis | [526] | |
| Cockle | Cardium edule | Cardium fimbria | [527] |
| Pholas | Pholas dactylus | [528] | |
| Mussel | Mytilus edulis | [530] | |
| Section II.—UNIVALVES. | |||
| Admiral | Conus ammiralis | [530] | |
| Tiger Cowry | Cypræa Tigris | [531] | |
| Whelk | Buccinum undatum | [531] | |
| Snipe Shell | Murex haustellus | [532] | |
| Periwinkle | Littorina littorea | [532] | |
| Limpet | Patella vulgata | [532] | |
| Snail | Helix aspersa | [533] | |
| Cuttlefish | Sepia officinalis | [535] | |
| Poulpe | Sepia octopodia | Octopus vulgaris.—Lam. | [537] |
| Argonaut | Argonauta argo | [537] | |
| Nautilus | Nautilus Pompilius | [538] | |
| BOOK VI. ARTICULATED ANIMALS. | |||
| Section I.—ANNELIDA, OR RINGED ANIMALS. | |||
| Earthworms | Lumbricus terrestris | [539] | |
| Leech | Hirudo medicinalis | Sanguisuga officinalis | [540] |
| Section II.—CRUSTACEA. | |||
| Lobster | Cancer gammarus | Astacus marinus.—Leach | [542] |
| Crayfish | Cancer astacus | Astacus fluviatilis.—Des. Potamobius.—Leach | [543] |
| Crab | Cancer Pagurus | [543] | |
| Land Crab | [544] | ||
| Soldier Crab | Pagurus Bempardus | [545] | |
| Shrimp | Cancer crangon | Crangon vulgaris.—Fab. | [546] |
| Prawn | Palæmon serratus.—Leach | [546] | |
| Section III.—ARACHNIDA. | |||
| Garden Spider | Aranea diadema | Epeïra diadema.—Walck. | [548] |
| Tarantula | Aranea Tarantula | Lycosa tarantula.—Lat. | [550] |
| Cheese Mite | Acarus siro | [552] | |
| Section IV.—INSECTS. Order I.—Coleoptera, or Beetles. | |||
| Cockchafer | Scarabæus Melolontha | Melolontha vulgaris.—Fab. | [554] |
| Dor Beetle | Scarabæus stercorarius | Geotrupes stercorarius.—Lat. | [555] |
| Stag Beetle | Lucanus Cervus | [556] | |
| Elephant Beetle | Scarabæus elephas | Dynastes elephas | [557] |
| Musk Beetle, or Goat Chaffer | Cerambyx moschatus | Aromia moschata.—Serv. | [558] |
| Ground Beetle | Carabus clathratus | [558] | |
| Glowworm | Lampyris noctiluca | [559] | |
| Death Watch | Ptinus pertinax | Anobium pertinax.—Fab. | [560] |
| Spanish Fly | Cantharis vesicatoria | [561] | |
| Corn Weevil | Curculio granarius | Calandra granaria.—Clairv. | [561] |
| Lady Bird | Coccinella septempunctata | [562] | |
| Order II.—Orthoptera. | |||
| Earwig | Forficula auricularia | [563] | |
| Leaf Mantis | Mantis gongylodes | Empusa gongylodes—Ill. | [564] |
| Walking Leaf | Mantis siccifolia | Phyllium siccifolium.—Ill. | [565] |
| Grasshopper | Locusta flavipes | [566] | |
| Locust | Gryllus migratorius | Locusta migratoria | [567] |
| Mole Cricket | Gryllus Gryllotalpa | Gryllotalpa vulgaris.—Lat. | [569] |
| Cricket | Gryllus domesticus | Acheta domestica | [570] |
| Order III.—Hemiptera. | |||
| Lantern Fly | Fulgora lanternaria | [571] | |
| Cochineal Insect | Coccus cacti | [571] | |
| Green Fly | Aphis rosæ | [572] | |
| Order IV.—Neuroptera. | |||
| Ant-Lion | Myrmeleon formicarium | [574] | |
| Dragon Fly | Libellula grandis | Æshna grandis.—Fab. | [576] |
| Order V.—Hymenoptera. | |||
| Bee | Apis mellifica | [577] | |
| Wasp | Vespa vulgaris | [579] | |
| Ichneumon | Pimpla persuasoria | [581] | |
| Ant | Formica rufa | [582] | |
| Order VI.—Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies. | |||
| Emperor Moth, with its Chrysalis and Caterpillar | Phalœna Pavonia minor | Saturnia.—Schaank. | [583] |
| Tortoise-Shell Butterfly | Papilio urticæ | Vanessa urticæ.—Fab. | [585] |
| Cabbage Butterfly | Papilio Brassicæ | Pieris Brassicæ.—Lat. Pontia Brassicæ.—Fab. | [586] |
| Magpie Moth | Phalæna grossulariata | Abraxas grossulariata.—Leach | [587] |
| Winter Moth | Phalæna brumata | Hibernia brumata.—Lat. | [588] |
| Silkworm | Bombyx mori | [589] | |
| Clothes Moth | Tinea pellionella | [590] | |
| Order VII.—Diptera. | |||
| House Fly | Musca domestica | [592] | |
| Gnat | Culex pipiens | [592] | |
| Order VIII.—Suctoria. | |||
| Flea | Pulex irritans | [594] | |
| BOOK VII. RADIATA. | |||
| Star Fish | Asterias rubens | Uraster rubens | [595] |
| Sea-Urchin | Echinus miliaris | [596] | |
| Red Coral | Isis nobilis | Gorgonia nobilis | [597] |
| Stony Corals | [600] | ||
| Sponge | [603] | ||
| Polyps | [604] | ||
| Sea Anemones | [607] | ||
| Jelly Fish | [609] | ||
| Appendix.—Fabulous Animals | [611] | ||
THE
ENTERTAINING NATURALIST.
Book I.
I. QUADRUPEDS, OR FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS.
§ I. Carnivorous, or Flesh-eating Animals.
