Maxims and Instructions for the Boiler Room / Useful to Engineers, Firemen & Mechanics; Relating to Steam Generators, Pumps, Appliances, Steam Heating, Practical Plumbing, etc.

by N. Hawkins

Weight per Running Foot of Cast Steel.

Size.			Lbs.	Size.			Lbs.
1⁄4	in.	Sq.	.213	1⁄4	in.	Rd.	.167
1⁄2	„	„	.855	1⁄2	„	„	.669
3⁄4	„	„	1.91	3⁄4	„	„	1.50
1	„	„	3.40	1	„	„	2.67
11⁄4	„	„	5.32	11⁄4	„	„	4.18
11⁄2	„	„	7.67	11⁄2	„	„	6.02
2	„	„	13.63	2	„	„	10.71
1	×	1⁄4	.852	1⁄2	in.	Oct.	.745
11⁄8	×	3⁄8	1.43	5⁄8	„	„	1.16
11⁄4	×	1⁄2	2.13	3⁄4	„	„	1.67
11⁄2	×	5⁄8	3.19	7⁄8	„	„	2.28
13⁄4	×	3⁄4	4.46	1	„	„	2.98
2	×	1⁄2	3.40	11⁄8	„	„	3.77
„	×	5⁄8	4.25	11⁄4	„	„	4.65

Comparison of Principal Gauges in use.

		United States Standard.		Stubbs’ Birmingham.		Brown & Sharp.
Number.		1000’s of an inch.	Pounds per square foot.	1000’s of an inch.	Pounds per square foot.	1000’s of an inch.	Pounds per square foot.
			IRON.		IRON.		IRON.
No.	1	.281	11.25	.300	12.04	.289	11.61
„	2	.265	10.62	.284	11.40	.257	10.34
„	3	.250	10.	.259	10.39	.229	9.21
„	4	.234	9.37	.238	9.55	.204	8.20
„	5	.218	8.75	.220	8.83	.181	7.30
„	6	.203	8.12	.203	8.15	.162	6.50
„	7	.187	7.50	.180	7.22	.144	5.79
„	8	.171	6.87	.165	6.62	.128	5.16
„	9	.156	6.25	.148	5.94	.114	4.59
„	10	.140	5.62	.134	6.38	.102	4.09
„	11	.125	5.00	.120	4.82	.091	3.64
„	12	.109	4.37	.109	4.37	.080	3.24
„	13	.093	3.75	.095	3.81	.072	2.89
„	14	.078	3.12	.083	3.33	.064	2.57
„	15	.070	2.81	.072	2.89	.057	2.29
„	16	.062	2.50	.065	2.61	.050	2.04
„	17	.056	2.25	.058	2.33	.045	1.82
„	18	.050	2.00	.049	1.97	.040	1.62
„	19	.043	1.75	.042	1.69	.036	1.44
„	20	.037	1.50	.035	1.40	.032	1.28
„	21	.034	1.37	.032	1.28	.028	1.14
„	22	.031	1.25	.028	1.12	.025	1.02
„	23	.028	1.12	.025	1.00	.022	.90
„	24	.025	1.00	.022	.88	.020	.80
„	25	.021	.87	.020	.80	.018	.72
„	26	.018	.75	.018	.72	.016	.64
„	27	.017	.68	.016	.64	.014	.57
„	28	.015	.62	.014	.56	.012	.50
„	29	.014	.56	.013	.52	.011	.45
„	30	.012	.50	.012	.48	.010	.40

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NOISELESS WATER HEATER.

This device is very effective for heating water in open or closed tanks by direct steam pressure without noise. The heater consists of an outward and upward discharging steam nozzle, covered by a shield which has numerous openings for the admission of water so that the discharge jet takes the form of an inverted cone, discharging upwards.