When it becomes necessary to make a quick connection into a main steam pipe without breaking joints, a saddle such as either of those shown in Fig. [669] and Fig. [670] may be applied by simply cutting or drilling a hole through the main steam pipe.
Fig. 668.
To make the joint, the rough lumps should be filed off the outside of the pipe and red lead rubbed on to mark the surface, to show when the fit is properly made. Then lay on with a brush a thin mixture of red lead and varnish and quickly screw the saddle in place. Such joints seldom or never leak when allowed to thoroughly dry before use.
Fig. 669.
Fig. 670.
When it becomes necessary to cut square packing to reduce its depth, place the packing in a vise, allowing the stock to be removed to project above the jaws, as shown in Fig. [671]. With the aid of a draw-knife the work can be quickly and easily done. It is difficult to cut the packing evenly. If the rings have an uneven bearing on the bottom of the grooves leakage is likely to occur when the pump is first started.