[4] Natives of the Celebes; they were often called by the Spaniards Macassars.
[5] Timway or tumuway, meaning “leader” or “chief,” is the title given to the chiefs of the land before Islam. Timway has been replaced by datu.
[6] It is possible that this color distinction arose from an early superstition or belief of Hindu origin assigning those divisions of the island to the four respective Hindu deities, who are generally represented by those four colors.
[7] Quoted in Keppel’s “Visit to the Indian Archipelago,” p. 127.
[8] This term is applied in Sulu in the same sense as the Malay terms Orang-banua and Orang-bukit, meaning hill tribes or aborigines, or, as they say in Mindanao, Manubus.
[9] This term is used here in the same sense as Orang-Malayu meaning the better or seacoast Malays.
[10] The determination of this date and that of the rule of Abu Bakr is covered by a complete statement which will appear in the chapter on the early Mohammedan missionaries in Sulu and Mindanao, to be published in a later paper.
[11] The first historic seat of Malay rule was Pagar Ruyong (in the mountains of Sumatra), the capital of the so-called “Empire of Menangkabaw.” (Malay-English Dictionary, R. J. Wilkinson, III, 2.)
[12] Brass cannon used by Moros.
[13] Variety of mango.