Pole Star.—This is a star of the second magnitude, found at the extremity of the handle of the Little Dipper.

Population and Land Area of the United States

Geographic DivisionPopulation, 1910Land Area (square miles), 1910
Continental United States91,972,2662,973,890
Geographic divisions:
New England6,552,68161,976
Middle Atlantic19,315,892100,000
East North Central18,250,621245,564
West North Central11,637,921510,804
South Atlantic12,194,895269,071
East South Central8,409,901179,509
West South Central8,784,534429,746
Mountain 2,633,517859,125
Pacific 4,192,304318,095
New England:
Maine742,37129,895
New Hampshire430,5729,031
Vermont355,9569,124
Massachusetts3,366,4168,039
Rhode Island542,6101,067
Connecticut1,114,7564,820
Middle Atlantic:
New York9,113,61447,654
New Jersey2,537,1677,514
Pennsylvania7,665,11144,832
East North Central:
Ohio4,767,12140,740
Indiana2,700,87636,045
Illinois5,638,59156,043
Michigan2,810,17357,480
Wisconsin2,333,86055,256
West North Central:
Minnesota2,075,70880,858
Iowa2,224,77155,586
Missouri3,293,33568,727
North Dakota577,05670,183
South Dakota583,88876,868
Nebraska1,192,21476,808
Kansas1,690,94981,774
South Atlantic:
Delaware202,3221,965
Maryland1,295,3469,941
District of Columbia331,06960
Virginia2,061,61240,262
West Virginia1,221,11924,022
North Carolina2,206,28748,740
South Carolina1,515,40030,495
Georgia2,609,12158,725
Florida752,61954,861
East South Central:
Kentucky2,289,90540,181
Tennessee2,184,78941,687
Alabama2,138,09351,279
Mississippi1,797,11446,362
West South Central:
Arkansas1,574,44952,525
Louisiana1,656,38845,409
Oklahoma1,657,15569,414
Texas3,896,542262,398
Mountain:
Montana376,053146,201
Idaho325,59483,354
Wyoming145,96597,594
Colorado799,024103,658
New Mexico327,301122,503
Arizona204,354113,810
Utah373,35182,184
Nevada81,875109,821
Pacific:
Washington1,141,99066,836
Oregon672,76595,607
California2,377,549155,652

Population Per Square Mile

Continental United States.—The following summary shows, for continental United States, the total population, land area in square miles, and population per square mile of land area at each census from 1790 to 1910, inclusive:

Census YearPopulationLand area
(square miles)		Population
191091,972,2662,973,89030.9
190075,994,5752,974,15925.6
189062,947,7142,973,96521.2
188050,155,7832,973,96516.9
187038,558,3712,973,96513.0
186031,443,3212,973,96510.6
185023,191,8762,944,3377.9
184017,069,4531,753,5889.7
183012,866,0201,753,5887.3
18209,638,4531,753,5885.5
18107,239,8811,685,8654.3
18005,308,483867,9806.1
17903,929,214867,9804.5

According to the census of 1910, there are in continental United States, on the average, 30.9 inhabitants to each square mile of land area, or nearly seven times the number per square mile shown for the much smaller area of 1790, and nearly three times the number shown for 1860. The decrease in the average number of inhabitants per square mile at the census of 1810 and 1850 was due in each case to large accessions of thinly populated territory during the decade preceding the census.

In the order of their density of population the nine geographic divisions of the country rank as follows: Middle Atlantic, 193.2 inhabitants per square mile; New England, 105.7; East North Central, 74.3; East South Central, 46.8; South Atlantic, 45.3; West North Central, 22.8; West South Central, 20.4; Pacific, 13.2; and Mountain, 3.1. The changes in density from census to census correspond precisely with the changes in area and the total number of inhabitants. It may be noted, however, that on account of the rapid increase in their population the Pacific states in 1910 for the first time are approaching, in density of population, conditions found in the states between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains.

Porto Rico.—Porto Rico contains about 3,600 square miles, and has a population of considerable more than a million. The climate is tropical and the land is extremely fertile.

Postage Stamps.—They were invented in 1834, and were introduced into America in 1847.