The problem involved in the first step has been conveniently termed the basic problem because it is directly concerned with the attainment of the assigned objective ([page 81]). The solution of the basic problem in the first step, and of its corollary in the second step, completes the planning stage.
The Third Step
The third step consists of the formulation, and—if appropriate—the issue, of the directives which convey to the subordinate the will and intent of the commander. From the mental standpoint, the third step begins when the commander forms the intent of immediately promulgating his directives for the execution of the planned action. Whether or not the third step is partially combined with the second, its problem is a separate one. Its complete solution inaugurates the action planned in the second step.
The third step is discussed and developed in Chapter VIII.
The Fourth Step
The fourth step, which calls for mental effort in the solution of the problem of supervising the action, requires a constant, close observation of the unfolding of the original situation. The procedure employed is customarily termed The Running Estimate of the Situation. Only an alert commander can invariably determine whether the situation is unfolding along the lines desired by him, as promulgated in the directives of the third step. In effect, the commander, after action is begun, considers the changing situation as a variable in the problem presented for his solution by the original (basic) situation. With the march of events, he is, therefore, constantly critical to detect whether variations from the original situation are in accordance with his design or whether these variations have introduced new incentives which demand modification or alteration of his plan, or its complete abandonment.
The fourth step is discussed and developed in Chapter IX.
Sequence of Events in the Four Steps
When all of the elements of the entire procedure of the four steps are present, they take, from the viewpoint of the same commander throughout, the following form: