[455.] L'Antisémitisme, p. 335.
[456.] Ibid., p. 328.
[457.] Article by Mr. Lucien Wolf, "The First English Jew," in Transactions of the Jewish Historical Society of England, Vol. II. p. 18. On this question see also the pamphlets by Mr. Lucien Wolf: Crypto-Jews under the Commonwealth (1894), Cromwell's Jewish Intelligencers (1891), and Manasseh ben Israel's Mission to Oliver Cromwell (1901), also articles on Cromwell, Carvajal, and Manasseh ben Israel in the Jewish Encyclopædia.
[458.] Lucien Wolf, "The First English Jew," in Transactions of the Jewish Historical Society of England, II. 20.
[459.] Tovey, Anglia Judaica, p. 275.
[460.] The Jewish Encyclopædia, in its article on Manasseh ben Israel, says: "He was full of cabalistic opinions, though he was careful not to expound them in those of his works that were written in modern languages and intended to be read by Gentiles." In its article on "Magic" the Jewish Encyclopædia refers to the "Nishmat Hayyim," a work by Manasseh ben Israel which "is filled with superstition and magic" and adds that "many Christian scholars were deluded."
[461.] Tovey, Anglia Judaica, p. 259; Margoliouth, History of the Jews in England, II. 3.
[462.] Mirabeau (Sur la Réforme politique des Juifs, 1787) thinks they may not have been allowed to return unconditionally until 1664. It was certainly at this date that they were formally granted free permission to live in England and practice their religion (Margoliouth, op. cit., II. 26).
[463.] Margohouth, op cit., II 43.
[464.] The Digger Movement in the Days of the Commonwealth, by Lewis H. Berens, pp. 36, 74, 76, 98, 141 (1906).