APPENDICES
I
AREA AND POPULATION
The statistics of area and population of the various states are widely divergent. One authority gives the total area as five million six hundred and eighty-two thousand four hundred and fifteen square miles, and the figures of population range from fifteen million to twenty-two million. The figures herewith given are, in the writer’s opinion, the most reliable, although the estimates of population are too high by perhaps ten per cent. The total population probably does not exceed eighteen million. The last census in 1900 gave the total number of inhabitants as a little less than fifteen million, but it was considered very inaccurate. The following table gives the estimated population in 1909:—
| State | Area | Population | Capital | Inhabitants |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alagoas | 22,580 | 744,193 | Maceio | 40,000 |
| Amazonas | 732,250 | 286,269 | Manao | 60,000 |
| Bahia | 164,600 | 2,427,59 | Bahia | 205,000 |
| Ceará | 40,240 | 973,266 | Fortaleza | 48,360 |
| Espirito Santo | 17,310 | 240,452 | Victoria | 20,000 |
| Goyaz | 288,470 | 292,605 | Goyaz | 13,475 |
| Maranhão | 177,520 | 572,304 | São Luiz | 50,000 |
| Matto Grosso | 532,550 | 135,279 | Cuyaba | 25,000 |
| Minas Geraes | 221,890 | 4,119,971 | Bello Horizonte | 25,000 |
| Pará | 443,790 | 510,465 | Pará (Belem) | 120,000 |
| Parahyba | 28,850 | 562,534 | Parahyba | 25,000 |
| Paraná | 85,430 | 374,961 | Curityba | 40,000 |
| Pernambuco | 49,560 | 1,350,391 | Pernambuco | 120,000 |
| Piauhy | 116,490 | 383,205 | Therezina | 20,000 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 26,630 | 1,061,418 | Nictheroy | 40,000 |
| Rio Grande do Norte | 22,190 | 314,420 | Natal | 23,000 |
| Rio Grande do Sul | 91,250 | 1,317,060 | Porto Alegre | 90,000 |
| Santa Catharina | 28,620 | 367,113 | Florianopolis | 30,000 |
| São Paulo | 112,280 | 2,612,878 | São Paulo | 350,000 |
| Sergipe | 15,090 | 408,348 | Aracajú | 25,000 |
| Federal District | 540 | 855,920 | Rio de Janeiro | 800,000 |
| Acre | 114,600 | 70,000 | ||
| 3,332,730 | 19,910,646 |
II
EDUCATION
The educational facilities in all of the states are inadequate, as the statistics show, but in some of them, they are not only inadequate but poor. The Ministry of Industry, Transportation and Public Works has recently published a volume of general statistics, from which the following table has been compiled, the first three columns giving the figures for primary education, and remaining two columns relating to secondary education:—
| State | Schools | Enrolment | Attendance | Schools | Enrolment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alagoas | 271 | 3,255 | 10,959 | 7 | 837 |
| Amazonas | 250 | 5,476 | 4,495 | 5 | 452 |
| Bahia | 1,007 | 47,288 | 32,135 | 24 | 2,010 |
| Ceará | 382 | 16,267 | 12,982 | 16 | 1,183 |
| Federal District | 419 | 57,271 | 36,106 | 43 | 4,662 |
| Espirito Santo | 175 | 6,359 | 4,674 | 6 | 439 |
| Goyaz | 162 | 6,134 | 4,149 | 4 | 347 |
| Maranhão | 217 | 11,941 | 8,231 | 9 | 638 |
| Matto Grosso | 107 | 5,288 | 4,677 | 7 | 466 |
| Minas Geraes | 2,178 | 119,613 | 66,252 | 51 | 4,281 |
| Pará | 433 | 19,870 | 17,093 | 11 | 938 |
| Parahyba | 223 | 9,870 | 6,852 | 7 | 527 |
| Paraná | 309 | 13,566 | 10,640 | 7 | 483 |
| Pernambuco | 386 | 21,139 | 15,104 | 17 | 1,613 |
| Piauhy | 146 | 7,754 | 6,030 | 6 | 438 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 485 | 24,773 | 16,075 | 14 | 1,486 |
| Rio Grande do Norte | 152 | 7,601 | 6,547 | 5 | 378 |
| Rio Grande do Sul | 1,516 | 67,370 | 50,809 | 26 | 3,605 |
| S. Catharina | 376 | 14,159 | 10,535 | 9 | 905 |
| São Paulo | 1,708 | 82,089 | 61,066 | 46 | 4,146 |
| Sergipe | 245 | 8,839 | 5,797 | 7 | 419 |
| 11,147 | 565,922 | 991,188 | 327 | 30,258 |
III
THE AMAZON BASIN
It may be interesting to the reader to take a brief survey of the Amazon and its tributaries. It will, at least, give a little idea of this vast river system, which is the most marvellous in the world.