Of these are many kinds growing here in England which are so well known, that they need no description: Their difference is easily known on the places where they grow, viz.
Place.] Some grow in fields, some in meadows, and some among the corn; others on heaths, greens, and waste grounds in many places.
Time.] They flower in June and August and their seed is ripe quickly after.
Government and virtues.] Surely Mars rules it, it is such a prickly business. All these thistles are good to provoke urine, and to mend the stinking smell thereof; as also the rank smell of the arm-pits, or the whole body; being boiled in wine and drank, and are said to help a stinking breath, and to strengthen the stomach. Pliny saith, That the juice bathed on the place that wants hair, it being fallen off, will cause it to grow speedily.
THE MELANCHOLY THISTLE.
Descript.] It rises up with tender single hoary green stalks, bearing thereon four or five green leaves, dented about the edges; the points thereof are little or nothing prickly, and at the top usually but one head, yet sometimes from the bosom of the uppermost leaves there shoots forth another small head, scaly and prickly, with many reddish thrumbs or threads in the middle, which being gathered fresh, will keep the colour a long time, and fades not from the stalk a long time, while it perfects the seed, which is of a mean bigness, lying in the down. The root hath many strings fastened to the head, or upper part, which is blackish, and perishes not.
There is another sort little differing from the former, but that the leaves are more green above, and more hoary underneath, and the stalk being about two feet high, bears but one scaly head, with threads and seeds as the former.
Place.] They grow in many moist meadows of this land, as well in the southern, as in the northern parts.
Time.] They flower about July or August, and their seed ripens quickly after.