The best means of orchestrating the same musical idea in various ways is by the adaptation of the musical matter. This can be done by the following operations: a) complete or partial transference into other octaves; b) repetition in a different key; c) extension of the whole range by the addition of octaves to the upper and lower parts; d) alteration of details (the most frequent method); e) variation of the general dynamic scheme, e.g. repeating a phrase piano, which has already been played forte.

These operations are always successful in producing variety of orchestral colour.

Examples:

[No. 176], [177]. Russian Easter Fête A and C.

The Christmas Night 158 and 179.

[No. 178]-[181]. The Tsar's Bride, Overture: beginning, 1, 2, 7.

Sadko 99-101 and 305-307 (cf. [Ex. 289], [290], and [75]).

[No. 182]-[186]. Tsar Saltan 14, 17, 26, 28, 34.

[No. 187]-[189].""181, 246, 220.

* [No. 190]-[191]. Ivan the Terrible, Overture 5 and 12.