| English. | French. | |
|---|---|---|
| War | guerre | |
| Warrant | garrant | |
| Ward | gard | |
| Wise | guise | |
| Wile | guile | |
| Wage | gage | |
| Wicket | guicket | |
| William | Guillaum | |
| Wales | Gales, Gaul, Gallia[138] |
A number at least of the words in the foregoing tables, must have existed in the several languages from the earliest times; and therefore must have been derived from the same stock.
In the following words, we trace the common origin of the Greek and Gothic languages.
| Greek. | English. |
|---|---|
| Kardia | heart |
| Kear | |
| Kiō | hie |
| Kaleō | hail, call |
| Koilas | hollow |
| Kēdas | heed, care |
| Kerdas | hire |
| Keras | horn, herald |
| Axine | ax |
| Ophrun | frown |
| Pur | fire |
| Platus | plate |
| Xeras | fear |
| Mignuō | mingle |
| Eileō | heal, hail |
| Kairō | cheer |
| Gonu | knee |
| Knix | gnat |
| Zēteō | seek |
The reader will find no difficulty in believing these words to be from the same root, when he is told that the Greeks and the northern nations of Europe pronounced with a strong guttural aspirate; and that k among the Greeks was often a mere aspirate, like h. Thus the Romans often pronounced c; for which reason that letter is often omitted, and h substituted in modern English. Curro and hurry are the same word; and so are cornu and horn; Carolus and Harold.
| Greek. | Latin. | English. |
|---|---|---|
| 'Oinos | vinum | wine |
| Damaō | domo | tame |
| Zeugos | jugum | yoke |
| Upper | super | upper |
| Gnoō | nosco | know |
| Ginosko | cognosco |
Some old people still pronounce the k in know.
In the following, the Welsh differ from the Greek in the prepositives or initial mutes; but they are clearly from the same root.
| Greek. | Latin. | English. |
|---|---|---|
| Stoma | saman | mouth |
| Ikanos | digon | sufficient |
| Arkē | d'erke | beginning |
| Airō | d'uyrey | arise |
| Platun | lhydon | broad |
| Papyrun | bruyn | rushes |
| Trekō | rhedeg | run |
| Petalon | dalen | loaf[139] |
In the following words, the Welsh are nearer the Greek than the Latin; yet all came from one stock.