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Ad·oÏles¶cent (?), a. [L. adolescens, p. pr. of adolescere to grow up to; ad + the inchoative olescere to grow: cf. F. adolescent. See Adult.] Growing; advancing from childhood to maturity.
Schools, unless discipline were doubly strong,
Detain their adolescent charge too long.
Cowper.
Ad·oÏles¶cent, n. A youth.
Ad·oÏne¶an (?), a. [L. Adon?us.] Pertaining to Adonis; Adonic. ½Fair Adonean Venus.¸
Faber.
AÏdon¶ic (?), a. [F. adonique: cf. L. Adonius.] Relating to Adonis, famed for his beauty. - n. An Adonic verse.
÷ verse, a verse consisting of a dactyl and spondee (?).
Ø AÏdo¶nis (?), n. [L., gr. Gr. ?.] 1. (Gr. Myth.) A youth beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed in the chase by a wild boar.
2. A pre‰minently beautiful young man; a dandy.
3. (Bot.) A genus of plants of the family Ranunculace?, containing the pheasaut's eye (Adonis autumnalis); - named from Adonis, whose blood was fabled to have stained the flower.
AÏdo¶nist (?), n. [Heb. ?d?n¾i my Lords.] One who maintains that points of the Hebrew word translated ½Jehovah¸ are really the vowel points of the word ½Adonai.¸ See Jehovist.
Ad¶oÏnize (?), v. t. [Cf. F. adoniser, fr. Adonis.] To beautify; to dandify.
I employed three good hours at least in adjusting and adonozing myself.
Smollett.
AÏdoor (?), AÏdoors (?), } At the door; of the door; as, out adoors.
Shak.
I took him in adoors.
Vicar's Virgil (1630).
AÏdopt¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adopted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adopting.] [L. adoptare; ad + optare to choose, desire: cf. F. adopter. See Option.] 1. To take by choice into relationship, as, child, heir, friend, citizen, etc.; esp. to take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to be in the place of, or as, one's own child.
2. To take or receive as one's own what is not so naturally; to select and take or approve; as, to adopt the view or policy of another; these resolutions were adopted.
AÏdopt¶aÏble (?), a. Capable of being adopted.
AÏdopt¶ed (?), a. Taken by adoption; taken up as one's own; as, an adopted son, citizen, country, word. - AÏdopt¶edÏly, adv.
AÏdopt¶er (?), n. 1. One who adopts.
2. (Chem.) A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each other, one of which admits the neck of a retort, and the other is joined to another receiver. It is used in distillations, to give more space to elastic vapors, to increase the length of the neck of a retort, or to unite two vessels whose openings have different diameters. [Written also adapter.]
AÏdop¶tion (?), n. [L. adoptio, allied to adoptare to adopt: cf. F. adoption.] 1. The act of adopting, or state of being adopted; voluntary acceptance of a child of other parents to be the same as one's own child.
2. Admission to a more intimate relation; reception; as, the adoption of persons into hospitals or monasteries, or of one society into another.
3. The choosing and making that to be one's own which originally was not so; acceptance; as, the adoption of opinions.
Jer. Taylor.
AÏdop¶tionÏist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect which maintained that Christ was the Son of God not by nature but by adoption.
AÏdop¶tious (?), a. Adopted. [Obs.]
AÏdopt¶ive (?), a. [L. adoptivus: cf. F. adoptif.] Pertaining to adoption; made or acquired by adoption; fitted to adopt; as, an adoptive father, an child; an adoptive language. - AÏdopt¶iveÏly, adv.
AÏdor·aÏbil¶iÏty (?), n. Adorableness.
AÏdor¶aÏble (?), a. [L. adorabilis, fr. adorare: cf. F. adorable.] 1. Deserving to be adored; worthy of divine honors.
The adorable Author of Christianity.
Cheyne.
2. Worthy of the utmost love or respect.
AÏdor¶aÏbleÏness, n. The quality of being adorable, or worthy of adoration.
Johnson.
AÏdor¶aÏbly, adv. In an adorable manner.
Ad·oÏra¶tion (?), n. [L. adoratio, fr. adorare: cf. F. adoration.] 1. The act of playing honor to a divine being; the worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god.
The more immediate objects of popular adoration amongst the heathens were deified human beings.
Farmer.
2. Homage paid to one in high esteem; profound veneration; intense regard and love; fervent devotion.
3. A method of electing a pope by the expression of homage from two thirds of the conclave.
[Pole] might have been chosen on the spot by adoration.
Froude.
AÏdore¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Adoring (?).] [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer, adorer, F. adorer, fr. L. adorare; ad + orare to speak, pray, os, oris, mouth. In OE. confused with honor, the French prefix aÏ being confused with OE. a, an, on. See Oral.] 1. To worship with profound reverence; to pay divine honors to; to honor as deity or as divine.
Bishops and priests, … bearing the host, which he [James ?.] publicly adored.
Smollett.
2. To love in the highest degree; to regard with the utmost esteem and affection; to idolize.
The great mass of the population abhorred Popery and adored Montouth.
Macaulay.
AÏdore¶, v. t. To adorn. [Obs.]
Congealed little drops which do the morn adore.
Spenser.
AÏdore¶ment (?), n. The act of adoring; adoration. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
AÏdor¶er (?), n. One who adores; a worshiper; one who admires or loves greatly; an ardent admirer. ½An adorer of truth.¸
Clarendon.
I profess myself her adorer, not her friend.
Shak.
AÏdor¶ingÏly, adv. With adoration.
AÏdorn¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adorned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Adorning.] [OE. aournen, anournen, adornen, OF. aorner, fr. L. aaornare; ad + ornare to furnish, embellish. See Adore, Ornate.] To deck or dress with ornaments; to embellish; to set off to advantage; to render pleasing or attractive.
As a bride adorneth herself with her jewels.
Isa. lxi. 10.
At church, with meek and unaffected grace,
His looks adorned the venerable place.
Goldsmith.
Syn. - To deck; decorate; embellish; ornament; beautify; grace; dignify; exalt; honor. - To Adorn, Ornament, Decorate, Embellish. We decorate and ornament by putting on some adjunct which is attractive or beautiful, and which serves to heighten the general effect. Thus, a lady's head-dress may be ornament or decorated with flowers or jewelry; a hall may be decorated or ornament with carving or gilding, with wreaths of flowers, or with hangings. Ornament is used in a wider sense than decorate. To embellish is to beautify or ornament richly, not so much by mere additions or details as by modifying the thing itself as a whole. It sometimes means gaudy and artificial decoration. We embellish a book with rich engravings; a style is embellished with rich and beautiful imagery; a shopkeeper embellishes his front window to attract attention. Adorn is sometimes identical with decorate, as when we say, a lady was adorned with jewels. In other cases, it seems to imply something more. Thus, we speak of a gallery of paintings as adorned with the works of some of the great masters, or adorned with noble statuary and columns. Here decorated and ornamented would hardly be appropriate. There is a value in these works of genius beyond mere show and ornament. Adorn may be used of what is purely moral; as, a character adorned with every Christian grace. Here neither decorate, nor ornament, nor embellish is proper.
AÏdorn¶, n. Adornment. [Obs.]
Spenser.
AÏdorn¶, a. Adorned; decorated. [Obs.]
Milton.
Ad·orÏna¶tion (?), n. Adornment. [Obs.]
AÏdorn¶er (?), n. He who, or that which, adorns; a beautifier.
AÏdorn¶ingÏly, adv. By adorning; decoratively.
AÏdorn¶ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. adornement. See Adorn.] An adorning; an ornament; a decoration.
AdÏos¶cuÏla¶tion (?), n. [L. adosculari, adosculatum, to kiss. See Osculate.] (Biol.) Impregnation by external contact, without intromission.
AÏdown¶ (?), adv. [OE. adun, adoun, adune. AS. of d?ne off the hill. See Down.] From a higher to a lower situation; downward; down, to or on the ground. [Archaic] ½Thrice did she sink adown.¸
Spenser.
AÏdown¶, prep. Down. [Archaic & Poetic]
Her hair adown her shoulders loosely lay displayed.
Prior.
AdÏpress¶ (?), v. t. [L. adpressus, p. p. of adprimere.] See Appressed. - AdÏpressed¶ (?), a.
AÏdrad¶ (?), p. a. [P. p. of adread.] Put in dread; afraid. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ad¶raÏgant (?), n. [F., a corruption of tragacanth.] Gum tragacanth.
Brande & C.
AÏdread¶ (?), v. t. & i. [AS. andr‘dan, ondr‘; pref. aÏ (for and against) + dr‘den to dread. See Dread.] To dread. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
AÏdreamed¶ (?), p. p. Visited by a dream; - used in the phrase, To be adreamed, to dream. [Obs.]
AdÏre¶nal (?), a. [Pref. adÏ + renal.] (Anat.) Suprarenal.
A¶driÏan (?), a. [L. Hadrianus.] Pertaining to the Adriatic Sea; as, Adrian billows.
A·driÏat¶ic (?), a. [L. Adriaticus, Hadriaticus, fr. Adria or Hadria, a town of the Veneti.] Of or pertaining to a sea so named, the northwestern part of which is known as the Gulf of Venice.
AÏdrift¶ (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aÏ (for on) + drift.] Floating at random; in a drifting condition; at the mercy of wind and waves. Also fig.
So on the sea shall be set adrift.
Dryden.
Were from their daily labor turned adrift.
Wordsworth.
AÏdrip¶ (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aÏ in + drip.] In a dripping state; as, leaves all adrip.
D. G. Mitchell.
Ad¶roÏgate (?), v. t. [See Arrogate.] (Rom. L?w) To adopt (a person who is his own master).
Ad·roÏga¶tion (?), n. [L. adrogatio, arrogatio, fr. adrogare. See Arrogate.] (Rom. Law) A kind of adoption in ancient Rome. See Arrogation.
AÏdroit¶ (?), a. [F. adroit; … (L. ad) = droit straight, right, fr. L. directus, p. p. of dirigere. See Direct.] Dexterous in the use of the hands or in the exercise of the mental faculties; exhibiting skill and readiness in avoiding danger or escaping difficulty; ready in invention or execution; - applied to persons and to acts; as, an adroit mechanic, an adroit reply. ½Adroit in the application of the telescope and quadrant.¸ Horsley. ½He was adroit in intrigue.¸
Macaulay.
Syn. - Dexterous; skillful; expert; ready; clever; deft; ingenious; cunning; ready-witted.
AÏdroit¶ly, adv. In an adroit manner.
AÏdroit¶ness, n. The quality of being adroit; skill and readiness; dexterity.
Adroitness was as requisite as courage.
Motley.
Syn. - See Skill.
AÏdry¶ (?), a. [Pref. aÏ (for on) + dry.] In a dry or thirsty condition. ½A man that is adry.¸
Burton.
Ad·sciÏti¶tious (?), a. [L. adscitus, p. p. of adsciscere, asciscere, to take knowingly; ad + sciscere to seek to know, approve, scire to know.] Supplemental; additional; adventitious; ascititious. ½Adscititious evidence.¸ Bowring. Ð Ad·sciÏti¶tiousÏly, adv.
Ad¶script (?), a. [L. adscriptus, p. p. of adscribere to enroll. See Ascribe.] Held to service as attached to the soil; - said of feudal serfs.
Ad¶script (?), n. One held to service as attached to the glebe or estate; a feudal serf.
Bancroft.
AdÏscrip¶tive (?), a.[L. adscriptivus. See Adscript.] Attached or annexed to the glebe or estate and transferable with it.
Brougham.
AdÏsig·niÏfiÏca¶tion (?), n. Additional signification. [R.]
Tooke.
AdÏsig¶niÏfy (?), v. t. [L. adsignificare to show.] To denote additionally. [R.]
Tooke.
AdÏstrict¶ (?), v. t. Ð AdÏstric¶tion (?), n. See Astrict, and Astriction.
AdÏstric¶toÏry (?), a. See Astrictory.
AdÏstrin¶gent (?), a. See Astringent.
Ø Ad·uÏla¶riÏa (?), n. [From Adula, a mountain peak in Switzerland, where fine specimens are found.] (Min.) A transparent or translucent variety of common feldspar, or orthoclase, which often shows pearly opalescent reflections; - called by lapidaries moonstone.
Ad¶uÏlate (?), v. t. [L. adulatus, p. p. of adulari.] To flatter in a servile way.
Byron.
Ad·uÏla¶tion (?), n. [F. adulation, fr. L. adulatio, fr. adulari, adulatum, to flatter.] Servile flattery; praise in excess, or beyond what is merited.
Think'st thou the fiery fever will go out
With titles blown from adulation?
Shak.
Syn. - Sycophancy; cringing; fawning; obsequiousness; blandishment. - Adulation, Flattery, Compliment. Men deal in compliments from a desire to please; they use flattery either from undue admiration, or a wish to gratify vanity; they practice adulation from sordid motives, and with a mingled spirit of falsehood and hypocrisy. Compliment may be a sincere expression of due respect and esteem, or it may be unmeaning; flattery is apt to become gross; adulation is always servile, and usually fulsome.
Ad¶uÏla·tor (?), n.b [L., fr. adulari: cf. F. adulateur.] A servile or hypocritical flatterer.
Carlyle.
Ad¶uÏlaÏtoÏry (?), a. [L. adulatorius, fr. adulari: cf. OF. adulatoire.] Containing excessive praise or compliment; servilely praising; flattering; as, an adulatory address.
A mere rant of adulatory freedom.
Burke.
Ad¶uÏla·tress (?), n. A woman who flatters with servility.
AÏdult¶ (?), a. [L. adultus, p. p. of adolescere, akin to alere to nourish: cf. F. adulte. See Adolescent, Old.] Having arrived at maturity, or to full size and strength; matured; as, an adult person or plant; an adult ape; an adult age.
AÏdult¶, n. A person, animal, or plant grown to full size and strength; one who has reached maturity.
µ In the common law, the term is applied to a person who has attained full age or legal majority; in the civil law, to males after the age of fourteen, and to females after twelve.
Bouvier. Burrill.
AÏdul¶ter (?), v. i. [L. adulterare.] To commit adultery; to pollute. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
AÏdul¶terÏant (?), n. [L. adulterans, p. pr. of adulterare.] That which is used to adulterate anything. - a. Adulterating; as, adulterant agents and processes.
AÏdul¶terÏate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adulterated (?); p. pr. & vb. n Adulterating (?).] [L. adulteratus, p. p. of adulterare, fr. adulter adulterer, prob. fr. ad + alter other, properly one who approaches another on account of unlawful love. Cf. Advoutry.]
1. To defile by adultery. [Obs.]
Milton.
2. To corrupt, debase, or make impure by an admixture of a foreign or a baser substance; as, to adulterate food, drink, drugs, coin, etc.
The present war has… adulterated our tongue with strange words.
Spectator.
Syn. - To corrupt; defile; debase; contaminate; vitiate; sophisticate.
AÏdul¶terÏate, v. i. To commit adultery. [Obs.]
AÏdul¶terÏate (?), a. 1. Tainted with adultery.
2. Debased by the admixture of a foreign substance; adulterated; spurious.
- AÏdul¶terÏateÏly, adv. Ð AÏdul¶terÏateÏness, n.
AÏdul·terÏa¶tion (?), n. [L. adulteratio.] 1. The act of adulterating; corruption, or debasement (esp. of food or drink) by foreign mixture.
The shameless adulteration of the coin.
Prescott.
2. An adulterated state or product.
AÏdul¶terÏa·tor (?), n. [L.] One who adulterates or corrupts. [R.]
Cudworth.
AÏdul¶terÏer (?), n. [Formed fr. the verb adulter, with the E. ending Ïer. See Advoutrer.] 1. A man who commits adultery; a married man who has sexual intercourse with a woman not his wife.
2. (Script.) A man who violates his religious covenant.
Jer. ix. 2.
AÏdul¶terÏess (?), n. [Fem. from L. adulter. Cf. Advoutress.] 1. A woman who commits adultery.
2. (Script.) A woman who violates her religious engagements.
James iv. 4.
AÏdul¶terÏine (?), a.[L. adulterinus, fr. adulter.] Proceeding from adulterous intercourse. Hence: Spurious; without the support of law; illegal.
When any particular class of artificers or traders thought proper to act as a corporation without a charter, such were called adulterine guilds.
Adam Smith.
AÏdul¶terÏine, n. An illegitimate child. [R.]
AÏdul¶terÏize (?), v. i. To commit adultery.
Milton.
AÏdul¶terÏous (?), a. 1. Guilty of, or given to, adultery; pertaining to adultery; illicit.
Dryden.
2. Characterized by adulteration; spurious. ½An adulterous mixture.¸ [Obs.]
Smollett.
AÏdul¶terÏousÏly, adv. In an adulterous manner.
AÏdul¶terÏy (?), n.; pl. Adulteries (?). [L. adulterium. See Advoutry.] 1. The unfaithfulness of a married person to the marriage bed; sexual intercourse by a married man with another than his wife, or voluntary sexual intercourse by a married woman with another than her husband.
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µ It is adultery on the part of the married wrongdoer.
The word has also been used to characterize the act of an unmarried participator, the other being married. In the United States the definition varies with the local statutes. Unlawful intercourse between two married persons is sometimes called double adultery; between a married and an unmarried person, single adultery.
2. Adulteration; corruption. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
3. (Script.) (a) Lewdness or unchastity of thought as well as act, as forbidden by the seventh commandment. (b) Faithlessness in religion.
Jer. iii. 9.
4. (Old Law) The fine and penalty imposed for the offense of adultery.
5. (Eccl.) The intrusion of a person into a bishopric during the life of the bishop.
6. Injury; degradation; ruin. [Obs.]
You might wrest the caduceus out of my hand to the adultery and spoil of nature.
B. Jonson.
AÏdult¶ness (?), n. The state of being adult.
AdÏum¶brant (?), a. [L. adumbrans, p. pr. of adumbrare.] Giving a faint shadow, or slight resemblance; shadowing forth.
AdÏum¶brate (?), v. t. [L. adumbratus, p. p. of adumbrare; ad + umbrare to shade; umbra shadow.]
4. To give a faint shadow or slight representation of; to outline; to shadow forth.
Both in the vastness and the richness of the visible universe the invisible God is adumbrated.
L. Taylor.
2. To overshadow; to shade.
Ad·umÏbra¶tion (?), n. [L. adumbratio.] 1. The act of adumbrating, or shadowing forth.
2. A faint sketch; an outline; an imperfect portrayal or representation of a thing.
Elegant adumbrations of sacred truth.
Bp. Horsley.
3. (Her.) The shadow or outlines of a figure.
AdÏum¶braÏtive (?), a. Faintly representing; typical.
Carlyle.
Ad·uÏna¶tion (?), n. [L. adunatio; ad + unus one.] A uniting; union.
Jer. Taylor.
AÏdunc¶, AÏdunque¶ (?), a. (Zo”l.) Hooked; as, a parrot has an adunc bill.
AÏdun¶ciÏty (?), n. [L. aduncitas. See Aduncous.] Curvature inwards; hookedness.
The aduncity of the beaks of hawks.
Pope.
AÏdun¶cous (?), a. [L. aduncus; ad + uncus hooked, hook.] Curved inwards; hooked.
AÏdure¶ (?), v. t. [L. adurere; ad + urere to burn.] To burn up. [Obs.]
Bacon.
AÏdust¶ (?), a. [L. adustus, p. p. of adurere: cf. F. aduste.] 1. Inflamed or scorched; fiery. ½The Libyan air adust.½
Milton.
2. Looking as if or scorched; sunburnt.
A tall, thin man, of an adust complexion.
Sir W. Scott.
3. (Med.) Having much heat in the constitution and little serum in the blood. [Obs.] Hence: Atrabilious; sallow; gloomy.
AÏdust¶ed, a. Burnt; adust. [Obs.]
Howell.
AÏdust¶iÏble (?), a. That may be burnt. [Obs.]
AÏdus¶tion (?; 106), n. [L. adustio, fr. adurere, adustum: cf. F. adustion.] 1. The act of burning, or heating to dryness; the state of being thus heated or dried. [Obs. or R.]
Harvey.
2. (Surg.) Cauterization.
Buchanan.
Ø Ad vaÏlo¶rem (?). [L., according to the value.] (Com.) A term used to denote a duty or charge laid upon goods, at a certain rate per cent upon their value, as stated in their invoice, Ð in opposition to a specific sum upon a given quantity or number; as, an ad valorem duty of twenty per cent.
AdÏvance¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advanced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Advancing (?)(?).] [OE. avancen, avauncen, F. avancer, fr. a supposed LL. abantiare; ab + ante (F. avant) before. The spelling with d was a mistake, aÏ being supposed to be fr. L. ad. See Avaunt.] 1. To bring forward; to move towards the van or front; to make to go on.
2. To raise; to elevate. [Archaic]
They… advanced their eyelids.
Shak.
3. To raise to a higher rank; to promote.
Ahasueres… advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes.
Esther iii. 1.
4. To accelerate the growth or progress; to further; to forward; to help on; to aid; to heighten; as, to advance the ripening of fruit; to advance one's interests.
5. To bring to view or notice; to offer or propose; to show; as, to advance an argument.
Some ne'er advance a judgment of their own.
Pope.
6. To make earlier, as an event or date; to hasten.
7. To furnish, as money or other value, before it becomes due, or in aid of an enterprise; to supply beforehand; as, a merchant advances money on a contract or on goods consigned to him.
8. To raise to a higher point; to enhance; to raise in rate; as, to advance the price of goods.
9. To extol; to laud. [Obs.]
Greatly advancing his gay chivalry.
Spenser.
Syn. Ð To raise; elevate; exalt; aggrandize; improve; heighten; accelerate; allege; adduce; assign.
AdÏvance¶, v. i. 1. To move or go forward; to proceed; as, he advanced to greet me.
2. To increase or make progress in any respect; as, to advance in knowledge, in stature, in years, in price.
3. To rise in rank, office, or consequence; to be preferred or promoted.
Advanced to a level with ancient peers.
Prescott.
AdÏvance¶, n. [Cf. F. avance, fr. avancer. See Advance, v.] 1. The act of advancing or moving forward or upward; progress.
2. Improvement or progression, physically, mentally, morally, or socially; as, an advance in health, knowledge, or religion; an advance in rank or office.
3. An addition to the price; rise in price or value; as, an advance on the prime cost of goods.
4. The first step towards the attainment of a result; approach made to gain favor, to form an acquaintance, to adjust a difference, etc.; an overture; a tender; an offer; Ð usually in the plural.
[He] made the like advances to the dissenters.
Swift.
5. A furnishing of something before an equivalent is received (as money or goods), towards a capital or stock, or on loan; payment beforehand; the money or goods thus furnished; money or value supplied beforehand.
I shall, with pleasure, make the necessary advances.
Jay.
The account was made up with intent to show what advances had been made.
Kent.
In advance (a) In front; before. (b) Beforehand; before an equivalent is received. (c) In the state of having advanced money on account; as, A is advance to B a thousand dollars or pounds.
AdÏvance¶ (?), a. Before in place, or beforehand in time; Ð used for advanced; as, an advance guard, or that before the main guard or body of an army; advance payment, or that made before it is due; advance proofs, advance sheets, pages of a forthcoming volume, received in advance of the time of publication.
AdÏvanced¶ (?), a. 1. In the van or front.
2. In the front or before others, as regards progress or ideas; as, advanced opinions, advanced thinkers.
3. Far on in life or time.
A gentleman advanced in years, with a hard experience written in his wrinkles.
Hawthorne.
Advanced guard, a detachment of troops which precedes the march of the main body.
AdÏvance¶ment (?), n. [OE. avancement, F. avancement. See Advance, v. t.] 1. The act of advancing, or the state of being advanced; progression; improvement; furtherance; promotion to a higher place or dignity; as, the advancement of learning.
In heaven… every one (so well they love each other) rejoiceth and hath his part in each other's advancement.
Sir T. More.
True religion… proposes for its end the joint advancement of the virtue and happiness of the people.
Horsley.
2. An advance of money or value; payment in advance. See Advance, 5.
3. (Law) Property given, usually by a parent to a child, in advance of a future distribution.
4. Settlement on a wife, or jointure. [Obs.]
Bacon.
AdÏvan¶cer (?), n. 1. One who advances; a promoter.
2. A second branch of a buck's antler.
Howell.
AdÏvan¶cive (?), a. Tending to advance. [R.]
AdÏvan¶tage (?; 61, 48), n. [OE. avantage, avauntage, F. avantage, fr. avant before. See Advance, and cf. Vantage.] 1. Any condition, circumstance, opportunity, or means, particularly favorable to success, or to any desired end; benefit; as, the enemy had the advantage of a more elevated position.
Give me advantage of some brief discourse.
Shak.
The advantages of a close alliance.
Macaulay.
2. Superiority; mastery; Ð with of or over.
Lest Satan should get an advantage of us.
2 Cor. ii. 11.
3. Superiority of state, or that which gives it; benefit; gain; profit; as, the advantage of a good constitution.
4. Interest of money; increase; overplus (as the thirteenth in the baker's dozen). [Obs.]
And with advantage means to pay thy love.
Shak.
Advantage ground, vantage ground. [R.] Clarendon. Ð To have the advantage of (any one), to have a personal knowledge of one who does not have a reciprocal knowledge. ½You have the advantage of me; I don't remember ever to have had the honor.¸ Sheridan. Ð To take advantage of, to profit by; (often used in a bad sense) to overreach, to outwit.
Syn. Ð Advantage, Advantageous, Benefit, Beneficial. We speak of a thing as a benefit, or as beneficial, when it is simply productive of good; as, the benefits of early discipline; the beneficial effects of adversity. We speak of a thing as an advantage, or as advantageous, when it affords us the means of getting forward, and places us on a ½vantage ground¸ for further effort. Hence, there is a difference between the benefits and the advantages of early education; between a beneficial and an advantageous investment of money.
AdÏvan¶tage, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advantaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Advantaging (?).] [F. avantager, fr. avantage. See Advance.] To give an advantage to; to further; to promote; to benefit; to profit.
The truth is, the archbishop's own stiffness and averseness to comply with the court designs, advantaged his adversaries against him.
Fuller.
What is a man advantaged, if he gain the whole world, and lose himself, or be cast away?
Luke ix. 25.
To advantage one's self of, to avail one's self of. [Obs.]
AdÏvan¶tageÏaÏble (?), a. Advantageous. [Obs.]
Ad·vanÏta¶geous (?), a. [F. avantageux, fr. avantage.] Being of advantage; conferring advantage; gainful; profitable; useful; beneficial; as, an advantageous position; trade is advantageous to a nation.
Advabtageous comparison with any other country.
Prescott.
You see… of what use a good reputation is, and how swift and advantageous a harbinger it is, wherever one goes.
Chesterfield.
Ad·vanÏta¶geousÏly, adv. Profitably; with advantage.
Ad·vanÏta¶geousÏness, n. Profitableness.
AdÏvene¶ (?), v. i. [L. advenire; ad + venire to come: cf. F. avenir, advenir. See Come.] To accede, or come (to); to be added to something or become a part of it, though not essential. [R.]
Where no act of the will advenes as a coefficient.
Coleridge.
AdÏven¶ient (?), a. [L. adviens, p. pr. Coming from outward causes; superadded. [Obs.]
Ad·vent (?), n. [L. adventus, fr. advenire, adventum: cf. F. avent. See Advene.] 1. (Eccl.) The period including the four Sundays before Christmas.
Advent Sunday (Eccl.), the first Sunday in the season of Advent, being always the nearest Sunday to the feast of St. Andrew (Now. 30).
Shipley.
2. The first or the expected second coming of Christ.
3. Coming; any important arrival; approach.
Death's dreadful advent.
Young.
Expecting still his advent home.
Tennyson.
Ad¶ventÏist (?), n. One of a religious body, embracing several branches, who look for the proximate personal coming of Christ; Ð called also Second Adventists.
SchaffÐHerzog Encyc.
Ad·venÏti¶tious (?), a. [L. adventitius.] 1. Added extrinsically; not essentially inherent; accidental or causal; additional; supervenient; foreign.
To things of great dimensions, if we annex an adventitious idea of terror, they become without comparison greater.
Burke.
2. (Nat. Hist.) Out of the proper or usual place; as, adventitious buds or roots.
3. (Bot.) Accidentally or sparingly spontaneous in a country or district; not fully naturalized; adventive; Ð applied to foreign plants.
4. (Med.) Acquired, as diseases; accidental.
Ð Ad·venÏti¶tiousÏly, adv. Ð Ad·venÏti¶tiousÏness, n.
AdÏven¶tive (?), a. 1. Accidental.
2. (Bot.) Adventitious.
Gray.
AdÏven¶tive, n. A thing or person coming from without; an immigrant. [R.]
Bacon.
AdÏven¶tuÏal (?; 135), a. Relating to the season of advent.
Sanderson.
AdÏven¶ture (?; 135), n. [OE. aventure, aunter, anter, F. aventure, fr. LL. adventura, fr. L. advenire, adventum, to arrive, which in the Romance languages took the sense of ½to happen, befall.¸ See Advene.]
1. That which happens without design; chance; hazard; hap; hence, chance of danger or loss.
Nay, a far less good to man it will be found, if she must, at all adventures, be fastened upon him individually.
Milton.
2. Risk; danger; peril. [Obs.]
He was in great adventure of his life.
Berners.
3. The encountering of risks; hazardous and striking enterprise; a bold undertaking, in which hazards are to be encountered, and the issue is staked upon unforeseen events; a daring feat.
He loved excitement and adventure.
Macaulay.
4. A remarkable occurrence; a striking event; a stirring incident; as, the adventures of one's life.
Bacon.
5. A mercantile or speculative enterprise of hazard; a venture; a shipment by a merchant on his own account.
A bill of adventure (Com.), a writing setting forth that the goods shipped are at the owner's risk.
Syn. Ð Undertaking; enterprise; venture; event.
AdÏven¶ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adventured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Adventuring (?).] [OE. aventuren, auntren, F. aventurer, fr. aventure. See Adventure, n.] 1. To risk, or hazard; jeopard; to venture.
He would not adventure himself into the theater.
Acts xix. 31.
2. To venture upon; to run the risk of; to dare.
Yet they adventured to go back.
Bunyan,
Discriminations might be adventured.
J. Taylor.
AdÏven¶ture, v. i. To try the chance; to take the risk.
I would adventure for such merchandise.
Shak.
AdÏven¶tureÏful (?), a. Given to adventure.
AdÏven¶turÏer (?), n. [Cf. F. aventurier.]
1. One who adventures; as, the merchant adventurers; one who seeks his fortune in new and hazardous or perilous enterprises.
2. A social pretender on the lookout for advancement.
AdÏven¶tureÏsome (?), a. Full of risk; adventurous; venturesome. Ð AdÏven¶tureÏsomeÏness, n.
AdÏven¶turÏess (?), n. A female adventurer; a woman who tries to gain position by equivocal means.
AdÏven¶turÏous (?), a. [OE. aventurous, aunterous, OF. aventuros, F. aventureux, fr. aventure. See Adventure, n.] 1. Inclined to adventure; willing to incur hazard; prone to embark in hazardous enterprise; rashly daring; Ð applied to persons.
Bold deed thou hast presumed, adventurous Eve.
Milton.
2. Full of hazard; attended with risk; exposing to danger; requiring courage; rash; Ð applied to acts; as, an adventurous undertaking, deed, song.
Syn. Ð Rash; foolhardy; presumptuous; enterprising; daring; hazardous; venturesome. See Rash.
AdÏven¶turÏousÏly, adv. In an adventurous manner; venturesomely; boldly; daringly.
AdÏven¶turÏousÏness, n. The quality or state of being adventurous; daring; venturesomeness.
Ad¶verb (?), n. [L. adverbium; ad + verbum word, verb: cf. F. adverbe.] (Gram.) A word used to modify the sense of a verb, participle, adjective, or other adverb, and usually placed near it; as, he writes well; paper extremely white.
AdÏver¶biÏal (?), a. [L. adverbialis: cf. F. adverbial.] Of or pertaining to an adverb; of the nature of an adverb; as, an adverbial phrase or form.
AdÏver·biÏal¶iÏty (?), n. The quality of being adverbial.
Earle.
AdÏver¶biÏalÏize (?), v. t. To give the force or form of an adverb to.
AdÏver¶biÏalÏly, adv. In the manner of an adverb.
Ø Ad·verÏsa¶riÏa (?), n. pl. [L. adversaria (sc. scripta), neut. pl. of adversarius.] A miscellaneous collection of notes, remarks, or selections; a commonplace book; also, commentaries or notes.
These parchments are supposed to have been St. Paul's adversaria.
Bp. Bull.
Ad·verÏsa¶riÏous (?), a. Hostile. [R.]
Southey.
Ad·verÏsaÏry (?), n.; pl. Adversaries (?). [OE. adversarie, direct fr. the Latin, and adversaire, fr. OF. adversier, aversier, fr. L. adversarius (a.) turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One who is turned against another or others with a design to oppose
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or resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an antagonist; an enemy; a foe. His ancient knot of dangerous adversaries. Shak. Agree with thine adversary quickly. Matt. v. 25. It may be thought that to vindicate the permanency of truth is to dispute without an adversary. Beattie. The Adversary, The Satan, or the Devil. Syn. - Adversary, Enemy, Opponent, Antagonist. Enemy is the only one of these words which necessarily implies a state of personal hostility. Men may be adversaries, antagonists, or opponents to each other in certain respects, and yet have no feelings of general animosity. An adversary may be simply one who is placed for a time in a hostile position, as in a lawsuit, an argument, in chess playing, or at fence. An opponent is one who is ranged against another (perhaps passively) on the opposing side; as a political opponent, an opponent in debate. An antagonist is one who struggles against another with active effort, either in a literal fight or in verbal debate. Ad¶verÏsaÏry (?), a. 1. Opposed; opposite; adverse; antagonistic. [Archaic] Bp. King. 2. (Law) Having an opposing party; not unopposed; as, an adversary suit. AdÏver¶saÏtive (?), a. [L. adversativus, fr. adversari.] Expressing contrariety, opposition, or antithesis; as, an adversative conjunction (but, however, yet, etc.); an adversative force. - AdÏver¶saÏtiveÏly, adv. AdÏver¶saÏtive, n. An adversative word. Harris. Ad¶verse (?), a. [OE. advers, OF. avers, advers, fr. L. adversus, p. p. advertere to turn to. See Advert.] 1. Acting against, or in a contrary direction; opposed; contrary; opposite; conflicting; as, adverse winds; an adverse party; a spirit adverse to distinctions of caste. 2. Opposite. ½Calpe's adverse height.¸ Byron. 3. In hostile opposition to; unfavorable; unpropitious; contrary to one's wishes; unfortunate; calamitous; afflictive; hurtful; as, adverse fates, adverse circumstances, things adverse. Happy were it for us all if we bore prosperity as well and wisely as we endure an adverse fortune. Southey. ÷ possession (Law), a possession of real property avowedly contrary to some claim of title in another person. Abbott. Syn. - Averse; reluctant; unwilling. See Averse. AdÏverse¶ (?), v. t. [L. adversari: cf. OF. averser.] To oppose; to resist. [Obs.] Gower. Ad¶verseÏly (277), adv. In an adverse manner; inimically; unfortunately; contrariwise. Ad¶verseÏness, n. The quality or state of being adverse; opposition. AdÏver·siÏfo¶liÏate (?), AdÏver·siÏfo¶liÏous (?) } a. [L. adver + folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having opposite leaves, as plants which have the leaves so arranged on the stem. AdÏver¶sion (?), n.[L. adversio] A turning towards; attention. [Obs.] Dr. H. More. AdÏver¶siÏty (?), n.; pl. Adversities (?).[OE. adversite, F. adversit‚, fr. L. adversitas.] 1. Opposition; contrariety. [Obs.] Wyclif. 2. A condition attended with severe trials; a state of adverse fortune; misfortune; calamity; affliction, trial; - opposed to wellÐbeing or prosperity. Adversity is not without comforts and hopes. Bacon. Syn. - Affliction; distress; misery; disaster; trouble; suffering; trial. AdÏvert¶ (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Adverted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adverting.] [L. advertere, v. t., to turn to; ad + vertere to turn: cf. F. avertir. See Advertise.] To turn the mind or attention; to refer; to take heed or notice; - with to; as, he adverted to what was said. I may again advert to the distinction. Owen. Syn.- To refer; allude; regard. See Refer. AdÏvert¶ence (?), AdÏvert¶enÏcy (?), } [OF. advertence, avertence, LL. advertentia, fr. L. advertens. See Advertent.] The act of adverting, of the quality of being advertent; attention; notice; regard; heedfulness. To this difference it is right that advertence should be had in regulating taxation. J. S. Mill. AdÏvert¶ent (?), a. [L. advertens, Ïentis, p. pr. of advertere. See Advert.] Attentive; heedful; regardful. Sir M. Hale. Ð AdÏvert¶entÏly, adv. Ad·verÏtise¶ (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advertised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Advertising (?).] [F. avertir, formerly also spelt advertir, to warn, give notice to, L. advertere to turn to. The ending was probably influenced by the noun advertisement. See Advert.] To give notice to; to inform or apprise; to notify; to make known; hence, to warn; - often followed by of before the subject of information; as, to advertise a man of his loss. [Archaic] I will advertise thee what this people shall do. Num. xxiv. 14. 4. To give public notice of; to announce publicly, esp. by a printed notice; as, to advertise goods for sale, a lost article, the sailing day of a vessel, a political meeting. Syn. - To apprise; inform; make known; notify; announce; proclaim; promulgate; publish. AdÏver¶tiseÏment (?; 277), n. [F.avertisement, formerly also spelled advertissement, a warning, giving notice, fr. avertir.] 1. The act of informing or notifying; notification. [Archaic] An advertisement of danger. Bp. Burnet. 2. Admonition; advice; warning. [Obs.] Therefore give me no counsel: My griefs cry louder than advertisement. Shak. 3. A public notice, especially a paid notice in some public print; anything that advertises; as, a newspaper containing many advertisement. Ad·verÏtis¶er (?), n. One who, or that which, advertises. AdÏvice¶ (?), n. [OE. avis, F. avis; ? + OF. vis, fr. L. visum seemed, seen; really p. p. of videre to see, so that vis meant that which has seemed best. See Vision, and cf. Avise, Advise.] 1. An opinion recommended or offered, as worthy to be followed; counsel. We may give advice, but we can not give conduct. Franklin. 2. Deliberate consideration; knowledge. [Obs.] How shall I dote on her with more advice, That thus without advice begin to love her? Shak. 3. Information or notice given; intelligence; as, late advices from France; - commonly in the plural. µ In commercial language, advice usually means information communicated by letter; - used chiefly in reference to drafts or bills of exchange; as, a letter of advice. McElrath. 4. (Crim. Law) Counseling to perform a specific illegal act. Wharton. ÷ boat, a vessel employed to carry dispatches or to reconnoiter; a dispatch boat. Ð To take ~. (a) To accept advice. (b) To consult with another or others. Syn. - Counsel; suggestion; recommendation; admonition; exhortation; information; notice. AdÏvis·aÏbil¶iÏty (?), n. The quality of being advisable; advisableness. AdÏvis¶aÏble (?), a. 1. Proper to be advised or to be done; expedient; prudent. Some judge it advisable for a man to account with his heart every day. South. 2. Ready to receive advice. [R.] South. Syn. - Expedient; proper; desirable; befitting. AdÏvis¶aÏbleÏness, n. The quality of being advisable or expedient; expediency; advisability. AdÏvis¶aÏbly, adv. With advice; wisely. AdÏvise¶ (?), v. t.[imp. & p. p. Advised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Advising (?).] [OE. avisen to perceive, consider, inform, F. aviser, fr. LL. advisare. advisare; ad + visare, fr. L. videre, visum, to see. See Advice, and cf. Avise.] 1. To give advice to; to offer an opinion, as worthy or expedient to be followed; to counsel; to warn. ½I shall no more advise thee.¸ Milton. 2. To give information or notice to; to inform; - with of before the thing communicated; as, we were advised of the risk. To ~ one's self, to bethink one's self; to take counsel with one's self; to reflect; to consider. [Obs.] Bid thy master well advise himself. Shak. Syn. - To counsel; admonish; apprise; acquaint. AdÏvise¶, v. t. 1. To consider; to deliberate. [Obs.] Advise if this be worth attempting. Milton. 2. To take counsel; to consult; - followed by with; as, to advise with friends. AdÏvis¶edÏly (?), adv. 1. Circumspectly; deliberately; leisurely. [Obs.] Shak. 2. With deliberate purpose; purposely; by design. ½ ½Advisedly undertaken.¸ Suckling. AdÏvise¶ment (?), n. [OE. avisement, F. avisement, fr. aviser. See Advise, and cf. Avisement.] 1. Counsel; advise; information. [Archaic] And mused awhile, waking advisement takes of what had passed in sleep. Daniel. 2. Consideration; deliberation; consultation. Tempering the passion with advisement slow. Spenser. AdÏvis¶er (?), n. One who advises. AdÏvis¶erÏship, n. The office of an adviser. [R.] AdÏvi¶so (?), n. [Cf. Sp. aviso. See Advice.] Advice; counsel; suggestion; also, a dispatch or advice boat. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. AdÏvi¶soÏry (?), a. Having power to advise; containing advice; as, an advisory council; their opinion is merely advisory. The General Association has a general advisory superintendence over all the ministers and churches. Trumbull. Ad¶voÏcaÏcy (?), n. [OF. advocatie, LL. advocatia. See Advocate.] The act of pleading for or supporting; work of advocating; intercession. Ad¶voÏcate (?), n. [OE. avocat, avocet, OF. avocat, fr. L. advocatus, one summoned or called to another; properly the p. p. of advocare to call to, call to one's aid; ad + vocare to call. See Advowee, Avowee, Vocal.] 1. One who pleads the cause of another. Specifically: One who pleads the cause of another before a tribunal or judicial court; a counselor. µ In the English and American Law, advocate is the same as ½counsel,¸ ½counselor,¸ or ½barrister.¸ In the civil and ecclesiastical courts, the term signifies the same as ½counsel¸ at the common law. 2. One who defends, vindicates, or espouses any cause by argument; a pleader; as, an advocate of free trade, an advocate of truth. 3. Christ, considered as an intercessor. We have an Advocate with the Father. 1 John ii. 1. Faculty of advocates (Scot.), the Scottish bar in Edinburgh. Ð Lord ~ (Scot.), the public prosecutor of crimes, and principal crown lawyer. Ð Judge ~. See under Judge. Ad¶voÏcate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advocated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Advocating (?).] [See Advocate, n., Advoke, Avow.] To plead in favor of; to defend by argument, before a tribunal or the public; to support, vindicate, or recommend publicly. To advocate the cause of thy client. Bp. Sanderson (1624). This is the only thing distinct and sensible, that has been advocated. Burke. Eminent orators were engaged to advocate his cause. Mitford. Ad¶voÏcate, v. i. To act as ~. [Obs.] Fuller. Ad¶voÏcateÏship, n. Office or duty of an advocate. Ad·voÏca¶tion (?), n. [L. advocatio: cf. OF. avocation. See Advowson.] 1. The act of advocating or pleading; plea; advocacy. [Archaic] The holy Jesus… sits in heaven in a perpetual advocation for us. Jer. Taylor. 2. Advowson. [Obs.] The donations or advocations of church livings. Sanderson. 3. (Scots Law) The process of removing a cause from an inferior court to the supreme court. Bell. Ad¶voÏcaÏtoÏry (?), a. Of or pertaining to an advocate. [R.] AdÏvoke¶ (?), v. t. [L. advocare. See Advocate.] To summon; to call. [Obs.] Queen Katharine had privately prevailed with the pope to advoke the cause to Rome. Fuller. Ad·voÏlu¶tion (?), n. [L. advolvere, advolutum, to roll to.] A rolling toward something. [R.] AdÏvou¶trer (?), n. [OF. avoutre, avoltre, fr. L. adulter. Cf. Adulterer.] An adulterer. [Obs.] AdÏvou¶tress (?), n. An adulteress. [Obs.] Bacon. AdÏvou¶try, AdÏvow¶try } (?), n. [OE. avoutrie, avouterie, advoutrie, OF. avoutrie, avulterie, fr. L. adulterium. Cf. Adultery.] Adultery. [Obs.] Bacon. AdÏvowÏee¶ (?), n. [OE. avowe, F. avou‚, fr. L. advocatus. See Advocate, Avowee, Avoyer.] One who has an advowson. Cowell. AdÏvow¶son (?; 277), n. [OE. avoweisoun, OF. avo‰son, fr. L. advocatio. Cf. Advocation.] (Eng. Law) The right of presenting to a vacant benefice or living in the church. [Originally, the relation of a patron (advocatus) or protector of a benefice, and thus privileged to nominate or present to it.] µ The benefices of the Church of England are in every case subjects of presentation. They are nearly 12,000 in number; the advowson of more than half of them belongs to private persons, and of the remainder to the crown, bishops, deans and chapters, universities, and colleges. Amer. Cyc. AdÏvoy¶er (?), n. See Avoyer. [Obs.] AdÏward¶ (?), n. Award. [Obs.] Spenser. Ø Ad·yÏna¶miÏa (?), n. [NL. adynamia, fr. Gr. ? want of strength; ? priv + ? power, strength.] (Med.) Considerable debility of the vital powers, as in typhoid fever. Dunglison. Ad·yÏnam¶ic (?), a. [Cf. F. adynamique. See Adynamy.] 1. (Med.) Pertaining to, or characterized by, debility of the vital powers; weak. 2. (Physics) Characterized by the absence of power or force. ÷ fevers, malignant or putrid fevers attended with great muscular debility. AÏdyn¶aÏmy (?), n. Adynamia. [R.] Morin. Ø Ad¶yÏtum (?), n.; pl. Adyta (?). [L., fr. Gr. ?, n., fr. ?, a., not to be entered; ? priv. + ? to enter.] The innermost sanctuary or shrine in ancient temples, whence oracles were given. Hence: A private chamber; a sanctum. Adz, Adze } (?), n. [OE. adese, adis, adse, AS. adesa, adese, ax, hatchet.] A carpenter's or cooper's tool, formed with a thin arching blade set at right angles to the handle. It is used for chipping or slicing away the surface of wood. Adz, v. t. To cut with an ~. [R.] Carlyle. ’ or Ae. A diphthong in the Latin language; used also by the Saxon writers. It answers to the Gr. ?. The AngloÐSaxon short ‘ was generally replaced by a, the long ? by e or ee. In derivatives from Latin words with ae, it is mostly superseded by e. For most words found with this initial combination, the reader will therefore search under the letter E. Ø ’Ïcid¶iÏum (?), n.; pl. ’cidia (?). [NL., dim. of Gr. ? injury.] (Bot.) A form of fruit in the cycle of development of the Rusts or Brands, an order of fungi, formerly considered independent plants. ’¶dile (?), n. [L. aedilis, fr. aedes temple, public building. Cf. Edify.] A magistrate in ancient Rome, who had the superintendence of public buildings, highways, shows, etc.; hence, a municipal officer. ’¶dileÏship, n. The office of an ‘dile. T. Arnold. ’Ïge¶an (?), a. [L. Aegeus; Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining to the sea, or arm of the Mediterranean sea, east of Greece. See Archipelago. Ø ’·giÏcra¶niÏa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, goat + ?, n. pl., heads.] (Arch.) Sculptured ornaments, used in classical architecture, representing rams' heads or skulls. ’g¶iÏlops (?), n. [L. aegilopis, Gr. ?, fr. ?, gen. ?, goat + ? eye.] 1. (Med.) An ulcer or fistula in the inner corner of the eye. 2. (Bot.) (a) The great wildÐoat grass or other cornfield weed. Crabb. (b) A genus of plants, called also hardgrass. Ø ’¶gis (?), n. [L. aegis, fr. Gr. ? a goat skin, a shield, ? goat, or fr. ? to rush.] A shield or protective armor; Ð applied in mythology to the shield of Jupiter which he gave to Minerva. Also fig.: A shield; a protection. ’Ïgoph¶oÏny (?), n. Same as Egophony. Ø ’Ïgro¶tat (?), n. [L., he is sick.] (Camb. Univ.) A medical certificate that a student is ill. ’Ïne¶id (?), n. [L. Aeneis, Aeneidis, or Ïdos: cf. F. ?n‚de.] The great epic poem of Virgil, of which the hero is ’neas. Aω¶neÏous (?), a. [L. a‰neus.] (Zo”l.) Colored like bronze. ’Ïo¶liÏan (?), a. [L. Aeolius, Gr. ?.] 1. Of or pertaining to ’olia or ’olis, in Asia Minor, colonized by the Greeks, or to its inhabitants; ‘olic; as, the ’olian dialect. 2. Pertaining to ’olus, the mythic god of the winds; pertaining to, or produced by, the wind; a‰rial. Viewless forms the ‘olian organ play. Campbell. ’olian attachment, a contrivance often attached to a pianoforte, which prolongs the vibrations, increases the
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volume of sound, etc., by forcing a stream of air upon the strings. Moore. Ð ’olian harp, ’olian lyre, a musical instrument consisting of a box, on or in which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to produce the notes; Ð usually placed at an open window. Moore. Ð ’olian mode (Mus.), one of the ancient Greek and early ecclesiastical modes. ’Ïol¶ic (?), a. [L. Aeolicus; Gr. ?.] ’olian, 1; as, the ’olic dialect; the ’olic mode. ’Ïol¶iÏpile, ’Ïol¶iÏpyle } (?), n. [L. aeolipilae; Aeolus god of the winds + pila a ball, or Gr. ? gate (i. e., doorway of ’olus); cf. F. ‚olipyle.] An apparatus consisting chiefly of a closed vessel (as a globe or cylinder) with one or more projecting bent tubes, through which steam is made to pass from the vessel, causing it to revolve. [Written also eolipile.] µ Such an apparatus was first described by Hero of Alexandria about 200 years b. c. It has often been called the first steam engine. ’·oÏloÏtrop¶ic (?), a. [Gr. ? changeful + ? a turning, ? to turn.] (Physics) Exhibiting differences of quality or property in different directions; not isotropic. Sir W. Thomson. ’·oÏlot¶roÏpy (?), n. (Physics) Difference of quality or property in different directions. Ø ’¶oÏlus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] (Gr. & Rom. Myth.) The god of the winds. ’¶on (?), n. A period of immeasurable duration; also, an emanation of the Deity. See Eon. ’Ïo¶niÏan (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Eternal; everlasting. ½’onian hills.¸ Tennyson. Ø ’·pyÏor¶nis (?), n. [Gr. ? high + ? bird.] A gigantic bird found fossil in Madagascar. A¶‰rÏate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. A?rated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. A?rating (?).] [Cf. F. a‚rer. See Air,v. t.] 1. To combine or charge with gas; usually with carbonic acid gas, formerly called fixed air. His sparkling sallies bubbled up as from a‰rated natural fountains. Carlyle. 2. To supply or impregnate with common air; as, to a‰rate soil; to a‰rate water. 3. (Physiol.) To expose to the chemical action of air; to oxygenate (the blood) by respiration; to arterialize. A‰rated bread, bread raised by charging dough with carbonic acid gas, instead of generating the gas in the dough by fermentation. A·‰rÏa¶tion (?), n. [Cf. F. a‚ration.] 1. Exposure to the free action of the air; airing; as, a‰ration of soil, of spawn, etc. 2. (Physiol.) A change produced in the blood by exposure to the air in respiration; oxygenation of the blood in respiration; arterialization. 3. The act or preparation of charging with carbonic acid gas or with oxygen. A¶‰rÏa·tor (?), n. That which supplies with air; esp. an apparatus used for charging mineral waters with gas and in making soda water. Aω¶riÏal (?), a. [L. a‰rius. See Air.] 1. Of or pertaining to the air, or atmosphere; inhabiting or frequenting the air; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air; as, a‰rial regions or currents. ½A‰rial spirits.¸ Milton. ½A‰rial voyages.¸ Darwin. 2. Consisting of air; resembling, or partaking of the nature of air. Hence: Unsubstantial; unreal. 3. Rising aloft in air; high; lofty; as, a‰rial spires. 4. Growing, forming, or existing in the air, as opposed to growing or existing in earth or water, or underground; as, a‰rial rootlets, a‰rial plants. Gray. 5. Light as air; ethereal. ÷ acid, carbonic acid. [Obs.] Ure. Ð ÷ perspective. See Perspective. Aω·riÏal¶iÏty (?), n. The state of being a‰rial; ?nsubstantiality. [R.] De Quincey. Aω¶riÏalÏly (?), adv. Like, or from, the air; in an a‰rial manner. ½A murmur heard a‰rially.¸ Tennyson. Ae¶rie (?; 277), n. [OE. aire, eire, air, nest, also origin, descent, OF. aire, LL. area, aera, nest of a bird of prey, perh. fr. L. area an open space (for birds of prey like to build their nests on flat and open spaces on the top of high rocks). Cf. Area.] The nest of a bird of prey, as of an eagle or hawk; also a brood of such birds; eyrie. Shak. Also fig.: A human residence or resting place perched like an eagle's nest. A·‰rÏif¶erÏous (?), a. [L. a‰r air + Ïferous: cf. F. a‚rifŠre.] Conveying or containing air; airÐbearing; as, the windpipe is an a‰riferous tube. A·‰rÏiÏfiÏca¶tion (?), n. [Cf. F. a‚rification. See A?rify.] 1. The act of combining air with another substance, or the state of being filled with air. 2. The act of becoming a‰rified, or of changing from a solid or liquid form into an a‰riform state; the state of being a‰riform. A¶‰rÏiÏform (?; 277), a. [L. a‰r air + Ïform: cf. F. a‚riforme.] Having the form or nature of air, or of an elastic fluid; gaseous. Hence fig.: Unreal. A¶‰rÏiÏfy (?), v. t. [L. a‰r air + Ïfly.] 1. To infuse air into; to combine air with. 2. To change into an a‰riform state. A¶‰rÏoÏ. [Gr. ?, ?, air.] The combining form of the Greek word meaning air. A¶‰rÏoÏbies (?), n. pl. [A‰roÏ + Gr. ? life.] (Biol.) Micro?rganisms which live in contact with the air and need oxygen for their growth; as the microbacteria which form on the surface of putrefactive fluids. A·‰rÏoÏbiÏot¶ic (?; 101), a. (Biol.) Related to, or of the nature of, a‰robies; as, a‰robiotic plants, which live only when supplied with free oxygen. A¶‰rÏcyst (?), n. [A‰roÏ + cyst.] (Bot.) One of the air cells of algals. A¶‰rÏoÏdyÏnam¶ic (?), a. Pertaining to the force of air in motion. A·‰rÏoÏdyÏnam¶ics (?), n. [A‰roÏ + dynamics: cf. F. a‚rodynamique.] The science which treats of the air and other gaseous bodies under the action of force, and of their mechanical effects. A·‰rÏog¶noÏsy (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Gr. ? knowing, knowledge: cf. F. a‚rognosie.] The science which treats of the properties of the air, and of the part it plays in nature. Craig. A·‰rÏog¶raÏpher (?), n. One versed in a‰ography: an a‰rologist. A·‰rÏoÏgraph¶ic (?), A·‰rÏoÏgraph¶icÏal (?), } a. Pertaining to a‰rography; a‰rological. A·‰rÏog¶raÏphy (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Ïgraphy: cf. F. a‚rographie.] A description of the air or atmosphere; a‰rology. A·‰rÏoÏhy·droÏdyÏnam¶ic (?), a. [A‰roÏ + hydrodynamic.] Acting by the force of air and water; as, an a‰rohydrodynamic wheel. A¶‰rÏoÏlite (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Ïlite: cf. F. a‚rolithe.] (Meteor.) A stone, or metallic mass, which has fallen to the earth from distant space; a meteorite; a meteoric stone. µ Some writers limit the word to stony meteorites. A¶‰rÏoÏlith (?), n. Same as A?rolite. A·‰rÏoÏliÏthol¶oÏgy (?), n. [A‰roÏ + lithology.] The science of a‰rolites. A·‰rÏoÏlit¶ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a‰rolites; meteoric; as, a‰rolitic iron. Booth. A·‰rÏoÏlog¶ic (?), A·‰rÏoÏlog¶icÏal (?), } a. Of or pertaining to a‰rology. A·‰rÏol¶oÏgist (?), n. One versed in a‰rology. A·‰rÏol¶oÏgy (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Ïlogy: cf. F. a‚rologie.] That department of physics which treats of the atmosphere. A¶‰rÏoÏman·cy (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Ïmancy: cf. F. a‚romancie.] Divination from the state of the air or from atmospheric substances; also, forecasting changes in the weather. A·‰rÏom¶eÏter (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Ïmeter: cf. F. a‚romŠtre.] An instrument for ascertaining the weight or density of air and gases. A·‰rÏoÏmet¶ric (?), a. Of or pertaining to a‰rometry; as, a‰rometric investigations. A·‰rÏom¶eÏtry (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Ïmetry: cf. F. a‚rom‚trie.] The science of measuring the air, including the doctrine of its pressure, elasticity, rarefaction, and condensation; pneumatics. A¶‰rÏoÏnaut (?; 277), n. [F. a‚ronaute, fr. Gr. ? air + ? sailor. See Nautical.] An a‰rial navigator; a balloonist. A·‰rÏoÏnaut¶ic (?), A·‰rÏoÏnaut¶icÏal (?), } a. [Cf. F. a‚ronauitique.] Pertaining to a‰ronautics, or a‰rial sailing. A·‰rÏoÏnaut¶ics (?), n. The science or art of ascending and sailing in the air, as by means of a balloon; a‰rial navigation; ballooning. Ø A·‰rÏoÏpho¶biÏa (?), A·‰rÏoph¶oÏby (?), } n. [A‰roÏ + Gr. ? fear: cf. F. a‚rophobie.] (Med.) Dread of a current of air. A¶‰rÏoÏphyte (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Gr. ? plant, ? to grow: cf. F. a‚rophyte.] (Bot.) A plant growing entirely in the air, and receiving its nourishment from it; an air plant or epiphyte. A¶‰rÏoÏplane· (?), n. [A‰roÏ + plane.] A flying machine, or a small plane for experiments on flying, which floats in the air only when propelled through it. A¶‰rÏoÏscope (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Gr. ? to look out.] (Biol.) An apparatus designed for collecting spores, germs, bacteria, etc., suspended in the air. A·‰rÏos¶coÏpy (?), n. [A‰roÏ + Gr. ? a looking out; ? to spy out.] The observation of the state and variations of the atmosphere. ’Ïrose¶ (?), a. [L. aerosus, fr. aes, aeris, brass, copper.] Of the nature of, or like, copper; brassy. [R.] A·‰rÏoÏsid¶erÏite (?), n. [A‰roÏ + siderite.] (Meteor.) A mass of meteoric iron. A¶‰rÏoÏsphere (?), n. [A‰roÏ + sphere: cf. F. a‚rosphŠre.] The atmosphere. [R.] A¶‰rÏoÏstat (?), n. [F. a‚rostat, fr. Gr. ? air + ? placed. See Statics.] 1. A balloon. 2. A balloonist; an a‰ronaut. A·‰rÏoÏstat¶ic (?), A·‰rÏoÏstat¶icÏal (?), } a. [A‰roÏ + Gr. ?: cf. F. a‚rostatique. See Statical, Statics.] 1. Of or pertaining to a‰rostatics; pneumatic. 2. A‰ronautic; as, an a‰rostatic voyage. A·‰rÏoÏstat¶ics (?), n. The science that treats of the equilibrium of elastic fluids, or that of bodies sustained in them. Hence it includes a‰ronautics. A·‰rÏosÏta¶tion (?), n. [Cf. F. a‚rostation the art of using a‰rostats.] 1. A‰rial navigation; the art of raising and guiding balloons in the air. 2. The science of weighing air; a‰rostatics. [Obs.] ’Ïru¶giÏnous (?), a. [L. aeruginosus, fr. aerugo rust of copper, fr. aes copper: cf. F. ‚rugineux.] Of the nature or color of verdigris, or the rust of copper. Ø ’Ïru¶go (?), n. [L. aes brass, copper.] The rust of any metal, esp. of brass or copper; verdigris. Ae¶ry (?), n. An aerie. A¶‰rÏy (?), a. [See Air.] A‰rial; ethereal; incorporeal; visionary. [Poetic] M. Arnold. ’s·cuÏla¶piÏan (?), a. Pertaining to ’sculapius or to the healing art; medical; medicinal. ’s·cuÏla¶piÏus (?), n. [L. Aesculapius, Gr. ?.] (Myth.) The god of medicine. Hence, a physician. ’s¶cuÏlin (?), n. Same as Esculin. ’Ïso¶piÏan, EÏso¶piÏan (?), a. [L. Aesopius, from Gr. ?, fr. the famous Greek fabulist ’sop (?).] Of or pertaining to ’sop, or in his manner. ’Ïsop¶ic, EÏsop¶ic (?), a. [L. Aesopicus, Gr. ?.] Same as ’sopian. Ø ’sÏthe¶siÏa (?), n. [Gr. ? sensation, fr. ? to perceive.] (Physiol.) Perception by the senses; feeling; Ð the opposite of an‘sthesia. ’aÏthe·siÏom¶eÏter, EsÏthe·siÏom¶eÏter (?), n. [Gr. ? (see ’sthesia) + Ïmeter.] An instrument to measure the degree of sensation, by determining at how short a distance two impressions upon the skin can be distinguished, and thus to determine whether the condition of tactile sensibility is normal or altered. Ø ’sÏthe¶¶sis (?), n. [Gr. ?.] Sensuous perception. [R.] Ruskin. ’s·theÏsod¶ic (?), a. [Gr. ? sensation + ? a way; cf. F. esth‚sodique.] (Physiol.) Conveying sensory or afferent impulses; Ð said of nerves. ’s¶thete (?), n. [Gr. ? one who perceives.] One who makes much or overmuch of ‘sthetics. [Recent] ’sÏthet¶ic (?), ’sÏthet¶icÏal (?), } a. Of or Pertaining to ‘sthetics; versed in ‘sthetics; as, ‘sthetic studies, emotions, ideas, persons, etc. Ð ’sÏthet¶icÏalÏly, adv. ’s·theÏti¶can (?), n. One versed in ‘sthetics. ’sÏthet¶iÏcism (?), n. The doctrine of ‘sthetics; ‘sthetic principles; devotion to the beautiful in nature and art. Lowell. ’sÏthet¶ics, EsÏthet¶ics (?; 277), n. [Gr. ? perceptive, esp. by feeling, fr. ? to perceive, feel: cf. G. „sthetik, F. esth‚tique.] The theory or philosophy of taste; the science of the beautiful in nature and art; esp. that which treats of the expression and embodiment of beauty by art. ’s·thoÐphys·iÏol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ? to perceive + E. physiology.] The science of sensation in relation to nervous action. H. Spenser. ’s¶tiÏval (?), a. [L. aestivalis, aestivus, fr. aestas summer.] Of or belonging to the summer; as, ‘stival diseases. [Spelt also estival.] ’s¶tiÏvate (?), v. i. [L. aestivare, aestivatum.] 1. To spend the summer. 2. (Zo”l.) To pass the summer in a state of torpor. [Spelt also estivate.] ’s·tiÏva¶tion (?), n. 1. (Zo”l.) The state of torpidity induced by the heat and dryness of summer, as in certain snails; Ð opposed to hibernation. 2. (Bot.) The arrangement of the petals in a flower bud, as to folding, overlapping, etc.; prefloration. Gray. [Spelt also estivation.] ’s¶tuÏaÏry (?; 135), n. & a. See Estuary. ’s¶tuÏous (?), a. [L. aestuosus, fr. aestus fire, glow.] Glowing; agitated, as with heat. Aω·theÏog¶aÏmous (?), a. [Gr. ? unusual (? priv. + ? custom) + ? marriage.] (Bot.) Propagated in an unusual way; cryptogamous. ’¶ther (?), n. See Ether. ’¶thiÏops min¶erÏal (?). (Chem.) Same as Ethiops mineral. [Obs.] ’th¶oÏgen (?), n. [Gr. ? fire, light + Ïgen.] (Chem.) A compound of nitrogen and boro?, which, when heated before the blowpipe, gives a brilliant phosphorescent; boric nitride. ’¶thriÏoÏscope (?), n. [Gr. ? clear + ? to observe.] An instrument consisting in part of a differential thermometer. It is used for measuring changes of temperature produced by different conditions of the sky, as when clear or clouded. ’·tiÏoÏlog¶icÏal (?), a. Pertaining to ‘tiology; assigning a cause. Ð ’·tiÏoÏlog¶icÏalÏly, adv. ’·tiÏol¶oÏgy (?), n. [L. aetologia, Gr. ?; ? cause + ? description: cf. F. ‚tiologie.] 1. The science, doctrine, or demonstration of causes; esp., the investigation of the causes of any disease; the science of the origin and development of things. 2. The assignment of a cause. Ø A·‰Ïti¶tes (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ? (sc. ?) stone, fr. ? eagle.] See Eaglestone. AÏfar¶ (?), adv. [Pref. aÏ.(for on or of) + far.] At, to, or from a great distance; far away; Ð often used with from preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off. The steep where Fame's proud temple shines afar. Beattie. AÏfeard¶ (?), p. a. [OE. afered, AS. ¾f?red, p. p. of ¾f?ran to frighten; ¾Ï (cf. Goth. usÏ, Ger. erÏ, orig. meaning out) + f?ran to frighten. See Fear.] Afraid. [Obs. Sometimes heard from the uneducated.] Be not afeard; the isle is full of noises. Shak. Ø A¶fer (?), n. [L.] The southwest wind. Milton. Af·faÏbil¶iÏty (?), n. [L. affabilitas: cf. F. affabilit‚.] The quality of being affable; readiness to converse; courteousness in receiving others and in conversation; complaisant behavior. Affability is of a wonderful efficacy or power in procuring love. Elyot Af¶faÏble (?), a. [F. affable, L. affabilis, fr. affari to speak to; ad + fari to speak. See Fable.] 1. Easy to be spoken to or addressed; receiving others kindly and conversing with them in a free and friendly manner; courteous; sociable. An affable and courteous gentleman. Shak. His manners polite and affable. Macaulay. 2. Gracious; mild; benign. A serene and affable countenance. Tatler. Syn. Ð Courteous; civil; complaisant; accessible; mild; benign; condescending. Af¶faÏbleÏness, n. Affability. Af¶faÏbly, adv. In an affable manner; courteously.
<p. 28>
Af¶faÏbrous (?), a. [L. affaber workmanlike; ad + faber.] Executed in a workmanlike manner; ingeniously made. [R.]
Bailey.
AfÏfair¶ (?), n. [OE. afere, affere, OF. afaire, F. affaire, fr. a faire to do; L.. ad + facere to do. See Fact, and cf. Ado.] 1. That which is done or is to be done; matter; concern; as, a difficult affair to manage; business of any kind, commercial, professional, or public; Ð often in the plural. ½At the head of affairs.¸ Junius. ½A talent for affairs.¸ Prescott.
2. Any proceeding or action which it is wished to refer to or characterize vaguely; as, an affair of honor, i. e., a duel; an affair of love, i. e., an intrigue.
3. (Mil.) An action or engagement not of sufficient magnitude to be called a battle.
4. Action; endeavor. [Obs.]
And with his best affair
Obeyed the pleasure of the Sun.
Chapman.
5. A material object (vaguely designated).
A certain affair of fine red cloth much worn and faded.
Hawthorne.
AfÏfam¶ish (?), v. t. & i. [F. affamer, fr. L. ad + fames hunger. See Famish.] To afflict with, or perish from, hunger. [Obs.]
Spenser.
AfÏfam¶ishÏment (?), n. Starvation.
Bp. Hall.
AfÏfat¶uÏate (?), v. t. [L. ad + fatuus foolish.] To infatuate. [Obs.]
Milton.
AfÏfear¶ (?), v. t. [OE. aferen, AS. ¾f?ran. See Afeard.] To frighten. [Obs.]
Spenser.
AfÏfect¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affected; p. pr. & vb. n. Affecting.] [L. affectus, p. p. of afficere to affect by active agency; ad + facere to make: cf. F. affectere, L. affectare, freq. of afficere. See Fact.] 1. To act upon; to produce an effect or change upon.
As might affect the earth with cold heat.
Milton.
The climate affected their health and spirits.
Macaulay.
2. To influence or move, as the feelings or passions; to touch.
A consideration of the rationale of our passions seems to me very necessary for all who would affect them upon solid and pure principles.
3. To love; to regard with affection. [Obs.]
As for Queen Katharine, he rather respected than affected, rather honored than loved, her.
Fuller.
4. To show a fondness for; to like to use or practice; to choose; hence, to frequent habitually.
For he does neither affect company, nor is he fit for ?t, indeed.
Shak.
Do not affect the society of your inferiors in rank, nor court that of the great.
Hazlitt.
5. To dispose or incline.
Men whom they thought best affected to religion and their country's liberty.
Milton.
6. To aim at; to aspire; to covet. [Obs.]
This proud man affects imperial ?way.
Dryden.
7. To tend to by affinity or disposition.
The drops of every fluid affect a round figure.
Newton.
8. To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to assume; as, to affect ignorance.
Careless she is with artful care,
Affecting to seem unaffected.
Congreve.
Thou dost affect my manners.
Shak.
9. To assign; to appoint. [R.]
One of the domestics was affected to his special service.
Thackeray.
Syn. Ð To influence; operate; act on; concern; move; melt; soften; subdue; overcome; pretend; assume.
AfÏfect¶, n. [L. affectus.] Affection; inclination; passion; feeling; disposition. [Obs.]
Shak.
Af·fecÏta¶tion (?), n. [L. affectatio: cf. F. affectation.] 1. An attempt to assume or exhibit what is not natural or real; false display; artificial show. ½An affectation of contempt.¸
Macaulay.
Affectation is an awkward and forced imitation of what should be genuine and easy, wanting the beauty that accompanies what is natural what is natural.
Locke.
2. A striving after. [Obs.]
Bp. Pearson.
3. Fondness; affection. [Obs.]
Hooker.
Af·fecÏta¶tionÏist, n. One who exhibits affectation. [R.]
Fitzed. Hall.
AfÏfect¶ed (?), p. p. & a. 1. Regarded with affection; beloved. [Obs.]
His affected Hercules.
Chapman.
2. Inclined; disposed; attached.
How stand you affected his wish?
Shak.
3. Given to false show; assuming or pretending to posses what is not natural or real.
He is… too spruce, too affected, too odd.
Shak.
4. Assumed artificially; not natural.
Affected coldness and indifference.
Addison.
5. (Alg.) Made up of terms involving different powers of the unknown quantity; adfected; as, an affected equation.
AfÏfect¶edÏly, adv. 1. In an affected manner; hypocritically; with more show than reality.
2. Lovingly; with tender care. [Obs.]
Shak.
AfÏfect¶edÏness, n. Affectation.
AfÏfect¶er (?), n. One who affects, assumes, pretends, or strives after. ½Affecters of wit.¸
Abp. Secker.
AfÏfect·iÏbil¶iÏty (?), n. The quality or state of being affectible. [R.]
AfÏfect¶iÏbl? (?), a. That may be affected. [R.]
Lay aside the absolute, and, by union with the creaturely, become affectible.
Coleridge.
AfÏfect¶ing, a. 1. Moving the emotions; fitted to excite the emotions; pathetic; touching; as, an affecting address; an affecting sight.
The most affecting music is generally the most simple.
Mitford.
2. Affected; given to false show. [Obs.]
A drawling; affecting rouge.
Shak.
AfÏfect¶ingÏly (?), adv. In an affecting manner; is a manner to excite emotions.
AfÏfec¶tion (?), n. [F. affection, L. affectio, fr. afficere. See Affect.] 1. The act of affecting or acting upon; the state of being affected.
2. An attribute; a quality or property; a condition; a bodily state; as, figure, weight, etc., are affections of bodies. ½The affections of quantity.¸
Boyle.
And, truly, waking dreams were, more or less,
An old and strange affection of the house.
Tennyson.
3. Bent of mind; a feeling or natural impulse or natural impulse acting upon and swaying the mind; any emotion; as, the benevolent affections, esteem, gratitude, etc.; the malevolent affections, hatred, envy, etc.; inclination; disposition; propensity; tendency.
Affection is applicable to an unpleasant as well as a pleasant state of the mind, when impressed by any object or quality.
Cogan.
4. A settled good will; kind feeling; love; zealous or tender attachment; Ð often in the pl. Formerly followed by to, but now more generally by for or towards; as, filial, social, or conjugal affections; to have an affection for or towards children.
All his affections are set on his own country.
Macaulay.
5. Prejudice; bias. [Obs.]
Bp. Aylmer.
6. (Med.) Disease; morbid symptom; malady; as, a pulmonary affection.
Dunglison.
7. The lively representation of any emotion.
Wotton.
8. Affectation. [Obs.] ½Spruce affection.¸
Shak.
9. Passion; violent emotion. [Obs.]
Most wretched man,
That to affections does the bridle lend.
Spenser.
Syn. Ð Attachment; passion; tenderness; fondness; kindness; love; good will. See Attachment; Disease.
AdÏfec¶tionÏal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the affections; as, affectional impulses; an affectional nature.
AfÏfec¶tionÏate (?), a. [Cf. F. affectionn‚.] 1. Having affection or warm regard; loving; fond; as, an affectionate brother.
2. Kindly inclined; zealous. [Obs.]
Johson.
Man, in his love God, and desire to please him, can never be too affectionate.
Sprat.
3. Proceeding from affection; indicating love; tender; as, the affectionate care of a parent; affectionate countenance, message, language.
4. Strongly inclined; Ð with to. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Syn. Ð Tender; attached; loving; devoted; warm; fond; earnest; ardent.
AfÏfec¶tionÏa·ted, a. Disposed; inclined. [Obs.]
Affectionated to the people.
Holinshed.
AfÏfec¶tionÏateÏly, adv. With affection; lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly.
AfÏfec¶tionÏateÏness, n. The quality of being affectionate; fondness; affection.
AfÏfec¶tioned (?), a. 1. Disposed. [Archaic]
Be kindly affectioned one to another.
Rom. xii. 10.
2. Affected; conceited. [Obs.]
Shak.
AfÏfec¶tive (?), a. [Cf. F. affectif.] 1. Tending to affect; affecting. [Obs.]
Burnet.
2. Pertaining to or exciting emotion; affectional; emotional.
Rogers.
AfÏfec¶tiveÏly, adv. In an affective manner; impressively; emotionally.
AfÏfec¶tuÏous (?; 135), a. [L. affectuous: cf. F. affectueux. See Affect.] Full of passion or emotion; earnest. [Obs.] Ð AfÏfec¶tuÏousÏly, adv. [Obs.]
Fabyan.
AfÏfeer¶ (?), v. t. [OF. aforer, afeurer, to tax, appraise, assess, fr. L. ad + forum market, court of justice, in LL. also meaning pri??.] 1. To confirm; to assure. [Obs.] ½The title is affeered.¸
Shak.
2. (Old Law) To assess or reduce, as an arbitrary penalty or amercement, to a certain and reasonable sum.
Amercements… were affeered by the judges.
Blackstone.
AfÏfeer¶er (?), AfÏfeer¶or (?), } n. [OF. aforeur, LL. afforator.] (Old Law) One who affeers.
Cowell.
AfÏfeer¶ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. aforement.] (Old Law) The act of affeering.
Blackstone.
Af¶ferÏent (?), a. [L. afferens, p. pr. of afferre; ad + ferre to bear.] (Physiol.) Bearing or conducting inwards to a part or organ; Ð opposed to efferent; as, afferent vessels; afferent nerves, which convey sensations from the external organs to the brain.
Ø AfÏfet·tuÏo¶so (?), adv. [It.] (Mus.) With feeling.
AfÏfi¶ance (?), n. [OE. afiaunce trust, confidence, OF. afiance, fr. afier to trust, fr. LL. affidare to trust; ad + fidare to trust, fr. L. fides faith. See Faith, and cf. Affidavit, Affy, Confidence.] 1. Plighted faith; marriage contract or promise.
2. Trust; reliance; faith; confidence.
Such feelings promptly yielded to his habitual affiance in the divine love.
Sir J. Stephen.
Lancelot, my Lancelot, thou in whom I have
Most joy and most affiance.
Tennyson.
AfÏfi¶ance, v. t. [imp. ? p. p. Affianced (?); p. pr. ? vb. n. Affiancing (?).] [Cf. OF. afiancier, fr. afiance.] 1. To betroth; to pledge one's faith to for marriage, or solemnly promise (one's self or another) in marriage.
To me, sad maid, he was affianced.
Spenser.
2. To assure by promise. [Obs.]
Pope.
AfÏfi¶anÏcer (?), n. One who makes a contract of marriage between two persons.
AfÏfi¶ant (?), n. [From p. pr. of OF. afier, LL. affidare. See Affidavit.] (Law) One who makes an affidavit. [U. S.]
Burrill.
Syn. Ð Deponent. See Deponent.
Af·fiÏda¶vit (?), n. [LL. affidavit he has made oath, perfect tense of affidare. See Affiance, Affy.] (Law) A sworn statement in writing; a declaration in writing, signed and made upon oath before an authorized magistrate.
Bouvier. Burrill.
µ It is always made ex parte, and without crossÐexamination, and in this differs from a deposition. It is also applied to written statements made on affirmation.
Syn. Ð Deposition. See Deposition.
AfÏfile¶ (?), v. t. [OF. afiler, F. affiler, to sharpen; a (L. ad) + fil thread, edge.] To polish. [Obs.]
AfÏfil¶iÏaÏble (?), a. Capable of being affiliated to or on, or connected with in origin.
AfÏfil¶iÏate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affiliated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Affiliating (?).] [LL. adfiliare, affiliare, to adopt as son; ad + filius son: cf. F. affilier.] 1. To adopt; to receive into a family as a son; hence, to bring or receive into close connection; to ally.
Is the soul affiliated to God, or is it estranged and in rebellion?
I. Taylor.
2. To fix the paternity of; Ð said of an illegitimate child; as, to affiliate the child to (or on or upon) one man rather than another.
3. To connect in the way of descent; to trace origin to.
How do these facts tend to affiliate the faculty of hearing upon the aboriginal vegetative processes?
H. Spencer.
4. To attach (to) or unite (with); to receive into a society as a member, and initiate into its mysteries, plans, etc.; Ð followed by to or with.
Affiliated societies, societies connected with a central society, or with each other.
AfÏfil¶iÏate, v. i. To connect or associate one's self; Ð followed by with; as, they affiliate with no party.
AfÏfil·iÏa¶tion (?), n. [F. affiliation, LL. affiliatio.] 1. Adoption; association or reception as a member in or of the same family or society.
2. (Law) The establishment or ascertaining of parentage; the assignment of a child, as a bastard, to its father; filiation.
3. Connection in the way of descent.
H. Spencer.
AfÏfi¶nal (?), a. [L. affinis.] Related by marriage; from the same source.
AfÏfine¶ (?), v. t. [F. affiner to refine; ? (L. ad) + fin fine. See Fine.] To refine. [Obs.]
Holland.
AfÏfined¶ (?), a. [OF. afin‚ related, p. p., fr. LL. affinare to join, fr. L. affinis neighboring, related to; ad + finis boundary, limit.] Joined in affinity or by any tie. [Obs.] ½All affined and kin.¸
Shak.
AfÏfin¶iÏtaÏtive (?), a. Of the nature of affinity. Ð AfÏfin¶iÏtaÏtiveÏly, adv.
AfÏfin¶iÏtive, a. Closely connected, as by affinity.
AfÏfin¶iÏty (?), n.; pl. Affinities (?). [OF. afinit‚, F. affinit‚, L. affinites, fr. affinis. See Affined.]
1. Relationship by marriage (as between a husband and his wife's blood relations, or between a wife and her husband's blood relations); Ð in contradistinction to consanguinity, or relationship by blood; Ð followed by with, to, or between.
Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh.
1 Kings iii. 1.
2. Kinship generally; close agreement; relation; conformity; resemblance; connection; as, the affinity of sounds, of colors, or of languages.
There is a close affinity between imposture and credulity.
Sir G. C. Lewis.
2. Companionship; acquaintance. [Obs.]
About forty years past, I began a happy affinity with William Cranmer.
Burton.
4. (Chem.) That attraction which takes place, at an insensible distance, between the heterogeneous particles of bodies, and unites them to form chemical compounds; chemism; chemical or elective ~ or attraction.
5. (Nat. Hist.) A relation between species or highe? groups dependent on resemblance in the whole plan of structure, and indicating community of origin.
6. (Spiritualism) A superior spiritual relationship or attraction held to exist sometimes between persons, esp. persons of the opposite sex; also, the man or woman who exerts such psychical or spiritual attraction.
AfÏfirm¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affirmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Affirming.] [OE. affermen, OF. afermer, F. affirmer, affermir, fr. L. affirmare; ad + firmare to make firm, firmus firm. See Firm.] 1. To make firm; to confirm, or ratify; esp. (Law), to assert or confirm, as a judgment, decree, or order, brought before an appelate court for review.
2. To assert positively; to tell with confidence; to aver; to maintain as true; Ð opposed to deny.
Jesus,… whom Paul affirmed to be alive.
Acts xxv. 19.
3. (Law) To declare, as a fact, solemnly, under judicial sanction. See Affirmation, 4.
Syn. Ð To assert; aver; declare; asseverate; assure; pronounce; protest; avouch; confirm; establish; ratify. Ð To Affirm, Asseverate, Aver, Protest. We affirm when we declare a thing as a fact or a proposition. We asseverate it in a peculiarly earnest manner, or with increased positiveness as what can not be disputed. We aver it, or formally declare it to be true, when we have positive knowledge of it. We protest in a more public manner and with the energy of perfect sincerity. People asseverate in order to produce a conviction of their veracity; they aver when they are peculiarly desirous to be believed; they protest when they wish to free themselves from imputations, or to produce a conviction of their innocence.
AfÏfirm¶, v. i. 1. To declare or assert positively.
Not that I so affirm, though so it seem
To thee, who hast thy dwelling here on earth.
Milton.
2. (Law) To make a solemn declaration, before an authorized magistrate or tribunal, under the penalties of perjury; to testify by affirmation.
AfÏfirm¶aÏble (?), a. Capable of being affirmed, asserted, or declared; Ð followed by of; as, an attribute affirmable of every just man.
AfÏfirm¶ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. afermance.] 1. Confirmation; ratification; confirmation of a voidable act.
This statute… in affirmance of the common law.
Bacon.
2. A strong declaration; affirmation.
Cowper.