Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages)

by Noah Webster

But¶ter (?), n. [OE. botere, butter, AS. butere, fr. L. butyrum, Gr. ?; either fr. ? ox, cow + ? cheese; or, perhaps, of Scythian origin. Cf. Cow.] 1. An oily, unctuous substance obtained from cream or milk by churning.
2. Any substance resembling butter in degree of consistence, or other qualities, especially, in old chemistry, the chloridess, as butter of antimony, sesquichloride of antimony; also, certain concrete fat oils remaining nearly solid at ordinary temperatures, as butter of cacao, vegetable butter, shea butter.
Butter and eggs (Bot.), a name given to several plants having flowers of two shades of yellow, as Narcissus incomparabilis, and in the United States to the toadflax (Linaria vulgaris). Ð Butter boat, a small vessel for holding melted butter at table. Ð Butter flower, the buttercup, a yellow flower. Ð Butter print, a piece of carved wood used to mark pats of butter; Ð called also butter stamp. Locke. Ð Butter tooth, either of the two middle incisors of the upper jaw. Ð Butter treeÿ(Bot.), a tree of the genus Bassia, the seeds of which yield a substance closely resembling butter. The butter tree of India is the B. butyracea; that of Africa is the Shea tree (B. Parkii). See Shea tree. Ð Butter trier, a tool used in sampling butter. Ð Butter wife, a woman who makes or sells butter; Ð called also butter woman. [Obs. or Archaic]
But¶ter, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Buttered (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Buttering.] 1. To cover or spread with butter.
I know what's what. I know on which side
My bread is buttered.
Ford.
2. To increase, as stakes, at every throw or every game. [Cant]
Johnson.
Butt¶er (?), n. One who, or that which, butts.
But¶terÏball· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The buffel duck.
But¶terÏbird· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The rice bunting or bobolink; Ð so called in the island of Jamaica.
But¶terÏbump· (?), n. [OE. butturÿthe bittern + 5th bump.] (Zo”l.) The European bittern.
Johnson.
But¶terÏbur· (?), n. (Bot.) A broadÐleaved plant (Petasites vulgaris) of the Composite family, said to have been used in England for wrapping up pats of butter.
But¶terÏcup· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Ranunculus, or crowfoot, particularly R. bulbosus, with bright yellow flowers; Ð called also butterflower, golden cup, and kingcup. It is the cuckoobud of Shakespeare.
But¶terÐfin·gered (?), a. Apt to let things fall, or to let them slip away; slippery; careless.
But¶terÏfish· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A name given to several different fishes, in allusion to their slippery coating of mucus, as the Stromateus triacanthus of the Atlantic coast, the Epinephelus punctatus of the southern coast, the rock eel, and the kelpfish of New Zealand.
But¶terÏfly· (?), n.; pl. Butterflies (?). [Perh. from the color of a yellow species. AS. buterÐflÇge, buttorÐfle¢ge; cf. G. butterfliege, D. botervlieg. See Butter, and Fly.] (Zo”l.) A general name for the numerous species of diurnal Lepidoptera. [ See Illust. under Aphrodite.]
Asclepias butterfly. See under Asclepias. Ð Butterfly fishÿ(Zo”l.), the ocellated blenny (Blennius ocellaris) of Europe. See Blenny. The term is also applied to the flying gurnard. Ð Butterfly shellÿ(Zo”l.), a shell of the genus Voluta. Ð Butterfly valve (Mech.), a kind of double clack valve, consisting of two semicircular clappers or wings hinged to a cross rib in the pump bucket. When open it somewhat resembles a butterfly in shape.
But¶terÏine (?), n. A substance prepared from animal fat with some other ingredients intermixed, as an imitation of butter.
The manufacturers ship large quantities of oleomargarine to England, Holland, and other countries, to be manufactured into butter, which is sold as butterine or suine.
Johnson's Cyc.
But¶terÏis (?), n. [The same word as buttress, noun, in a different application, F. bouter to push.] (Far.) A steel cutting instrument, with a long bent shank set in a handle which rests against the shoulder of the operator. It is operated by a thrust movement, and used in paring the hoofs of horses.
But¶terÏman· (?), n.; pl. Buttermen (?). A man who makes or sells butter.
But¶terÏmilk· (?), n. The milk that mains after the butter is separated from the cream.
But¶terÏnut· (?), n. 1. (Bot.) An American tree (Juglans cinerea) of the Walnut family, and its edible fruit; Ð so called from the oil contained in the latter. Sometimes called oil nutÿand white walnut.
2. (Bot.) The nut of the Caryocar butyrosumÿand C. nuciferum, of S. America; Ð called also Souari nut.
But¶terÐscotch· (?), n. A kind of candy, mainly composed of sugar and butter. [Colloq.]
Dickens.
But¶terÏweed· (?), n. (Bot.) An annual composite plant of the Mississippi valley (Senecio lobatus).
But¶terÏweight· (?), n. Over weight.
Swift.
µ Formerly it was a custom to give 18 ounces of butter for a pound.
But¶terÏwort· (?), n. (Bot.) A genus of low herbs (Pinguicula) having simple leaves which secrete from their glandular upper surface a viscid fluid, to which insects adhere, after which the margin infolds and the insects are digested by the plant. The species are found mostly in the North Temperate zone.
But¶terÏy (?), a. Having the qualities, consistence, or appearance, of butter.
But¶terÏy, n.; pl. Butteries (?). [OE. botery, botry; cf. LL. botaria wine vessel; also OE. botelerie, fr. F. bouteillerie, fr. boutellie bottle. Not derived from butter. See Bottle a hollow vessel, Butt a cask.] 1. An apartment in a house where butter, milk and other provisions are kept.
All that need a cool and fresh temper, as cellars, pantries, and butteries, to the north.
Sir H.Wotton.
2. A room in some English colleges where liquors, fruit, and refreshments are kept for sale to the students.
And the major Oxford kept the buttery bar.
E.Hall.
3. A cellar in which butts of wine are kept.
Weale.
Buttery hatch, a half door between the buttery or kitchen and the hall, in old mansions, over which provisions were passed.
Wright.
Butt¶ hinge· (?). See 1st Butt, 10.
But¶Ðthorn· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The common European starfish (Asterias rubens).
But¶ting (?), n. An abuttal; a boundary.
Without buttings or boundings on any side.
Bp. Beveridge.
But¶ting joint·. A joint between two pieces of timber or wood, at the end of one or both, and either at right angles or oblique to the grain, as the joints which the struts and braces form with the truss posts; Ð sometimes called abutting joint.
Butt¶ joint· (?). A joint in which the edges or ends of the pieces united come squarely together instead of overlapping. See 1st Butt, 8.
But¶tock (?), n. [From Butt an end.] 1. The part at the back of the hip, which, in man, forms one of the rounded protuberances on which he sits; the rump.
2. (Naut.) The convexity of a ship behind, under the stern.
Mar. Dict.
But¶ton (?), n. [OE. boton, botoun, F. bouton button, bud, prop. something pushing out, fr. bouterÿto push. See Butt an end.] 1. A knob; a small ball; a small, roundish mass.
2. A catch, of various forms and materials, used to fasten together the different parts of dress, by being attached to one part, and passing through a slit, called a buttonhole, in the other; Ð used also for ornament.
3. A bud; a germ of a plant.
Shak.
4. A piece of wood or metal, usually flat and elongated, turning on a nail or screw, to fasten something, as a door.
5. A globule of metal remaining onan assay cupel or in a crucible, after fusion.
Button hook, a hook for catching a button and drawing it through a buttonhole, as in buttoning boots and gloves. Ð Button shellÿ(Zo”l.), a small, univalve marine shell of the genus Rotella. Ð Button snakeroot. (Bot.) (a) The American composite genus Liatris, having rounded buttonlike heads of flowers. (b) An American umbelliferous plant with rigid, narrow leaves, and flowers in dense heads. Ð Button tree (Bot.), a genus of trees (Conocarpus), furnishing durable timber, mostly natives of the West Indies. Ð To hold by the button, to detain in conversation to weariness; to bore; to buttonhole.
But¶ton, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Buttoned (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Buttoning (?).] [OE. botonen, OF. botoner, F. boutonner. See Button, n.] 1. To fasten with a button or buttons; to inclose or make secure with buttons; Ð often followed by up.
He was a tall, fat, longÐbodied man, buttoned up to the throat in a tight green coat.
Dickens.
2. To dress or clothe. [Obs.]
Shak.
But¶ton, v.i. To be fastened by a button or buttons; as, the coat will not button.
But¶tonÏball· (?), n. (Bot.) See Buttonwood.
But¶tonÏbush· (?), n. (Bot.) A shrub (Cephalanthus occidentalis) growing by the waterside; Ð so called from its globular head of flowers. See Capitulum.
But¶tonÏhole· (?), n. The hole or loop in which a button is caught.
But¶tonÏhole·, v.t. To hold at the button or buttonhole; to detain in conversation to werariness; to bore; as, he buttonholed me a quarter of an hour.
But¶tonÏmold· (?), n. A disk of bone, wood, or other material, which is made into a button by covering it with cloth. [Written also buttonmould.]
Fossil buttonmolds, joints of encrinites. See Encrinite.
But¶tons (?), n. A boy servant, or page, Ð in allusion to the buttons on his livry. [Colloq.]
Dickens.
But¶tonÏweed· (?), n. (Bot.) The name of several plants of the genera Spermacoce and Diodia, of the Madder family.
But¶tonÏwood· (?), n. (Bot.) The Platanus occidentalis, or American plane tree, a large tree, producing rough balls, from which it is named; Ð called also buttonball tree, and, in some parts of the United States, sycamore. The California buttonwood is P. racemosa.
But¶tonÏy (?), a. Ornamented with a large number of buttons. ½The buttony boy.¸ Thackeray. ½My coat so blue and buttony.¸
W.S.Gilbert.
But¶tress (?), n. [OE. butrasse, boterace, fr. F. bouterÿto push; cf. OF. bouteret (nom. sing. and acc. pl. bouterez) buttress. See Butt an end, and cf. Butteris.] 1. (Arch.) A projecting mass of masonry, used for resisting the thrust of an arch, or for ornament and symmetry.
µ When an external projection is used merely to stiffen a wall, it is a pier.
2. Anything which supports or strengthens. ½The ground pillar and buttress of the good old cause of nonconformity.¸
South.
Flying buttress. See Flying buttress.
But¶tress (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Buttressed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Buttressing.] To support with a buttress; to prop; to brace firmly.
To set it upright again, and to prop and buttress it up for duration.
Burke.
Butt¶ shaft· (?) An arrow without a barb, for shooting at butts; an arrow. [Also but shaft.]
Shak.
Butt¶ weld· (?). See Butt weld, under Butt.
Butt¶weld·, v.t. To unite by a butt weld.
But¶ty (?), n. (Mining) One who mines by contract, at so much per ton of coal or ore.
Bu¶tyl (?), n. [L. butyrum butter + Ïyl. See Butter.] (Chem.) A compound radical, regarded as butane, less one atom of hydrogen.
Bu¶tyÏlene (?), n. [From Butyl.] (Chem.) Any one of three metameric hydrocarbons, C?H?, of the ethylene series. They are gaseous or easily liquefiable.
Bu·tyÏra¶ceous (?), a. [L. butyrum butter. See Butter.] Having the qualities of butter; resembling butter.
Bu¶tyÏrate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of butyric acid.
BuÏtyr¶ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, butter.
Butyric acid, C?H?.CO?H, an acid found in butter; an oily, limpid fluid, having the smell of rancid butter, and an acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste, like that of ether. There are two metameric butyric acids, called in distinction the normalÏ and isoÐbutyric acid. The normal butyric acid is the one common in rancid butter.
Bu¶tyÏrin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A butyrate of glycerin; a fat contained in small quantity in milk, which helps to give to butter its peculiar flavor.
Bu·tyÏrom¶eÏter (?), n. [L. butyrum butter + Ïmeter.] An instrument for determining the amount of fatty matter or butter contained in a sample of milk.
Bu¶tyÏrone (?), n. [Butyric + Ïone.] (Chem.) A liquid ketone obtained by heating calcium butyrate.
Bu¶tyÏrous (?), a. Butyraceous.
Bux¶eÏous (?), a. [L. buxeus, fr. buxusÿthe box tree.] Belonging to the box tree.
Bux¶ine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid obtained from the Buxus sempervirens, or common box tree. It is identical with bebeerine; Ð called also buxina.
Bux¶om (?), a. [OE. buxum, boxom, buhsum, pliable, obedient, AS. bÓcsum, b?hsum (akin to D. buigzaam blexible, G. biegsam); b?gan to bow, bend + Ïsum, E. Ïsome. See Bowÿto bend, and Ïsome.] 1. Yielding; pliable or compliant; ready to obey; obedient; tractable; docile; meek; humble. [Obs.]
So wild a beast, so tame ytaught to be,
And buxom to his bands, is joy to see.
Spenser.
I submit myself unto this holy church of Christ, to be ever buxom and obedient to the ordinance of it.
Foxe.
2. Having the characteristics of health, vigor, and comeliness, combined with a gay, lively manner? stout and rosy; jolly; frolicsome.
A daughter fair,
So buxom, blithe, and debonair.
Milton.
A parcel of buxom bonny dames, that were laughing, singing, dancing, and as merry as the day was long.
Tatler.
Ð Bux¶omÏly, adv. Ð Bux¶omÏness, n.
Buy (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bought (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Buying (?).] [OE. buggen, buggen, bien, AS. bycgan, akin to OS. buggean, Goth. bugjan.] 1. To acquire the ownership of (property) by giving an accepted price or consideration therefor, or by agreeing to do so; to acquire by the payment of a price or value; to purchase; Ð opposed to sell.
Buy what thou hast no need of, and ere long thou wilt sell thy necessaries.
B.Franklin.
2. To acquire or procure by something given or done in exchange, literally or figuratively; to get, at a cost or sacrifice; to buy pleasure with pain.
Buy the truth and sell it not; also wisdom, and instruction, and understanding.
Prov.xxiii.23.
To buy again. See Againbuy. [Obs.] Chaucer.Ð To buy off. (a) To influence to compliance; to cause to bend or yield by some consideration; as, to buy off conscience. (b) To detach by a consideration given; as, to buy off one from a party. Ð To buy out. (a) To buy off, or detach from. Shak. (b) To purchase the share or shares of in a stock, fund, or partnership, by which the seller is separated from the company, and the purchaser takes his place; as, A buys out B. (c) To purchase the entire stock in trade and the good will of a business. Ð To buy in, to purchase stock in any fund or partnership. Ð To buy on credit, to purchase, on a promise, in fact or in law, to make payment at a future day. Ð To buy the refusal (of anything), to give a consideration for the right of purchasing, at a fixed price, at a future time.
Buy, v.i. To negotiate or treat about a purchase.
I will buy with you, sell with you.
Shak.
Buy¶er (?), n. One who buys; a purchaser.
Buz (?), v. & n. See Buzz. [Obs.]
Buzz (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Buzzed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Buzzing.] [An onomatopÒia.] To make a low, continuous, humming or sibilant sound, like that made by bees with their wings. Hence: To utter a murmuring sound; to speak with a low, humming voice.
Like a wasp is buzzed, and stung him.
Longfellow.
However these disturbers of our peace
Buzz in the people's ears.
Shak.
Buzz, v.t. 1. To sound forth by buzzing.
Shak.
2. To whisper; to communicate, as tales, in an under tone; to spread, as report, by whispers, or secretly.
I will buzz abroad such prophecies
That Edward shall be fearful of his life.
Shak.
3. To talk to incessantly or confidentially in a low humming voice. [Colloq.]
4. (Phonetics) To sound with a ½buzz¸.
H.Sweet.
Buzz, n. 1. A continuous, humming noise, as of bees; a confused murmur, as of general conversation in low

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tones, or of a general expression of surprise or approbation. ½The constant buzz of a fly.¸
Macaulay.
I found the whole room in a buzz of politics.
Addison.
There is a buzz all around regarding the sermon.
Thackeray.
2. A whisper; a report spread secretly or cautiously.
There's a certain buzz
Of a stolen marriage.
Massinger.
3. (Phonetics) The audible friction of voice consonants.
H. Sweet.
Buz¶zard(?),n.[O.E.busard,bosard,F. busard, fr. buse, L.buteo, a kind of falcon or hawk.]
1. (Zo”l.) A bird of prey of the Hawk family, belonging to the genus Buteo and related genera.
µ The Buteo vulgaris is the common buzzard of Europe. The American species (of which the most common are B.borealis, B.Pennsylvanicus, and B.lineatus) are usually called hen hawks.Ð The roughÐlegged buzzard, or bee hawk, of Europe (Pernis apivorus) feeds on bees and their larv‘, with other insects, and reptiles.Ð The moor buzzard of Europe is Circus ‘ruginosus. See Turkey buzzard, and Carrion buzzard.
Bald buzzard, the fishhawk or osprey. See Fishhawk.
2. A blockhead; a dunce.
It is common, to a proverb, to call one who can not be taught, or who continues obstinately ignorant, a buzzard.
Goldsmith.
Buz¶zard, a. Senseless; stupid. [R.& Obs.]
Milton.
Buz¶zardÏet· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A hawk resembling the buzzard, but with legs relatively longer.
Buzz¶er (?), n. One who, or that which, buzzes; a whisperer; a talebearer.
And wants not buzzers to infect his ear
With pestilent speeches of his father's death.
Shak.
Buzz¶ingÏly (?), adv. In a buzzing manner; with a buzzing sound.
Buzz¶saw· (?) A circular saw; Ð so called from the buzzing it makes when running at full speed.
By (?), prep. [ OE. bi, AS. bÆ, big, near to, by, of, from, after, according to; akin to OS.& OFries. bi, be, D. bij, OHG. bÆ, G. bie, Goth. bi, and perh. Gr.?. E. prefix beÐ is orig.the same word. ? See pref. BeÐ.]
1. In the neighborhood of; near or next to; not far from; close to; along with; as, come and sit by me.
By foundation or by shady rivulet
He sought them both.
Milton.
2. On; along; in traversing. Compare 5.
Long labors both by sea and land he bore.
Dryden.
By land, by water, they renew the charge.
Pope.
3. Near to, while passing; hence, from one to the other side of; past; as, to go by a church.
4. Used in specifying adjacent dimensions; as, a cabin twenty feet by forty.
5. Against. [Obs.]
Tyndale [1.Cor.iv.4]?
6. With, as means, way, process, etc.; through means of; with aid of; through; through the act or agency of; as, a city is destroyed by fire; profit is made by commerce; to take by force.
To the meaning of by, as denoting means or agency, belong, more or less closely, most of the following uses of the word: (a) It points out the author and producer; as, ½Waverley¸, a novel by Sir W.Scott; a statue by Canova; a sonata by Beethoven. (b) In an oath or adjuration, it indicates the being or thing appealed to as sanction; as, I affirm to you by all that is sacred; he swears by his faith as a Christian; no, by Heaven. (c) According to; by direction, authority, or example of; after; Ð in such phrases as, it appears by his account; ten o'clock by my watch; to live by rule; a model to build by. (d) At the rate of; according to the ratio or proportion of; in the measure or quantity of; as, to sell cloth by the yard, milk by the quart, eggs by the dozen, meat by the pound; to board by the year. (e) In comparison, it denotes the measure of excess or deficiency; when anything is increased or diminished, it indicates the measure of increase or diminution; as, larger by a half; older by five years; to lessen by a third. (f) It expresses continuance or duration; during the course of; within the period of; as, by day, by night. (g) As soon as; not later than; near or at; Ð used in expressions of time; as, by this time the sun had risen; he will be here by two o'clock.
In boxing the compass, by indicates a pint nearer to, or towards, the next cardinal point; as, north by east, i.e., a point towards the east from the north; northeast by east, i.e., on point nearer the east than northeast is.
µ With is used instead of by before the instrument with which anything is done; as, to beat one with a stick; the board was fastened by the carpenter with nails. But there are many words which may be regarded as means or processes, or, figuratively, as instruments; and whether with or by shall be used with them is a matter of arbitrary, and often, of unsettled usage; as, to a reduce a town by famine; to consume stubble with fire; he gained his purpose by flattery; he entertained them with a story; he distressed us with or by a recital of his sufferings. see With.
By all means, most assuredly; without fail; certainly.
ÐBy and by. (a) Close together (of place).[Obs.] ½Two yonge knightes liggyng [lying] by and by.¸ Chaucer. (b) Immediately; at once. [Obs.] ½When … persecution ariseth because of the word, by and by he is offended.¸ Matt. xiii.21. (c) Presently; pretty soon; before long. In this phrase, by seems to be used in the sense of nearness in time, and to be repeated for the sake of emphasis, and thus to be equivalent to ¸soon, and soon,¸ that is instantly; hence, Ð less emphatically, Ð pretty soon, presently. Ð By one's self, with only one's self near; alone; solitary.Ð By the bye. See under Bye. Ð By the head (Naut.), having the bows lower than the stern; Ðsaid of a vessel when her head is lower in the water than her stern. If her stern is lower, she is by the stern.Ð By the lee, the situation of a vessel, going free, when she has fallen off so much as to bring the wind round her stern, and to take her sails aback on the other side. Ð By the run, to let go by the run, to let go altogether, instead of slacking off. Ð By the way, by the bye; Ð used to introduce an incidental or secondary remark or subject. ÐDay by day, One by one, Piece by piece, etc., each day, each one, each piece, etc., by itself singly or separately; each severally. Ð To come by, to get possession of; to obtain.Ð To do by, to treat, to behave toward. Ð To set by, to value, to esteem. Ð To stand by, to aid, to support.
µ The common phrase goodÐby is equivalent to farewell, and would be better written goodÐbye, as it is a corruption of God be with you (b'w'ye).
By (?), adv. 1. Near; in the neighborhood; present; as, there was no person by at the time.
2. Passing near; going past; past; beyond; as, the procession has gone by; a bird flew by.
3. Aside; as, to lay by; to put by.
By (?), a. Out of the common path; aside; Ð used in composition, giving the meaning of something aside, secondary, or incidental, or collateral matter, a thing private or avoiding notice; as, byÐline, byÐplace, byÐplay, byÐstreet. It was formerly more freely used in composition than it is now; as, byÐbusiness, byÐconcernment, byÐdesign, byÐinterest, etc.
By¶ard (?), n. A piece of leather crossing the breast, used by the men who drag sledges in coal mines.
By¶Ïbid·der (?), n. One who bids at an auction in behalf of the auctioneer or owner, for the purpose of running up the price of articles. [U.S.]
By¶Ïblow· (?), n. 1. A side or incidental blow; an accidental blow.
With their byÐblows they did split the very stones in pieces.
Bunyan.
2. An illegitimate child; a bastard.
The Aga speedily … brought her [his disgraced slave] to court, together with her pretty byÐblow, the present Padre Ottomano.
Evelyn.
By¶Ïcor·ner (?), n. A private corner.
Britain being a byÐcorner, out of the road of the world.
Fuller.
By¶ÏdeÏpend·ence (?), n. An appendage; that which depends on something else, or is distinct from the main dependence; an accessory.
Shak.
By¶Ïdrink·ing, n. A drinking between meals. [Obs.]
Bye (?), n. 1. A thing not directly aimed at; something which is a secondary object of regard; an object by the way, etc.; as in on or upon the bye, i.e., in passing; indirectly; by implication. [Obs. except in the phrase by the bye.]
The Synod of Dort condemneth upon the bye even the discipline of the Church of England.
Fuller.
2. (Cricket) A run made upon a missed ball; as, to steal a bye.
T.Hughes.
By the bye, in passing; by way of digression; apropos to the matter in hand. [Written also by the by.]
Bye (?) n. [AS.b?; cf. Icel. byg? dwelling, byggia, b?a, to dwell ? 97.]
1. A dwelling.
Gibson.
2. In certain games, a station or place of an individual player.
Emerson.
By¶ÏeÏlec¶tion (?), n. An election held by itself, not at the time of a general election.
By¶Ïend· (?), n. Private end or interest; secret purpose; selfish advantage. [Written also byeÐend.]
½Profit or some other byÐend.¸
L'Estrange.
By¶gone· (?), a. Past; gone by.
½Bygone fooleries.¸
Shak
By¶gone· (?), n. Something gone by or past; a past event.
½Let old bygones be¸
Tennyson.
Let bygones be bygones, let the past be forgotten.
By¶Ïin·terÏest (?), n. SelfÐinterest; private advantage.
Atterbury.
By¶land(?), n. A peninsula. [Obs.]
By¶landÏer(?), n. See Bilander.[Obs.]
By¶Ïlane·(?), n. A private lane, or one opening out of the usual road.
By¶Ïlaw·(?), n. [Cf.Sw.bylag, D.bylov, Icel.b?arl”g, fr.Sw.& Dan. by town, Icel. b‘r, byr (fr. b–a to dwell)+the word for law; hence, a law for one town, a special law. Cf.Birlaw and see Law.] 1. A local or subordinate law; a private law or regulation made by a corporation for its own government.
There was likewise a law to restrain the byÐlaws, or ordinances of corporations.
Bacon.
The law or institution; to which are added two byÐlaws, as a comment upon the general law.
Addison.
2. A law that is less important than a general law or constitutional provision, and subsidiary to it; a rule relating to a matter of detail; as, civic societies often adopt a constitution and byÐlaws for the government of their members. In this sense the word has probably been influenced by by, meaning secondary or aside.
By¶Ïname·(?), n. A nickname.
Camden.
By¶name·, v.t. To give a nickname to.
Camden.
By¶Ïpass(?), n. (Mech.) A byÐpassage, for a pipe, or other channel, to divert circulation from the usual course.
By¶Ïpas·sage (?), n. A passage different from the usual one; a byway.
By¶Ïpast(?), a. Past; gone by ½ByÐpast perils.¸
Shak.
By¶path·(?), n.; pl. Bypaths(?). A private path; an obscure way; indirect means.
God known, my son,
By what bypaths, and indirect crooked ways,
I met this crown.
Shak.
By¶Ïplace· (?), n. A retired or private place.
By¶play (?), n. Action carried on aside, and commonly in dumb show, while the main action proceeds.
By¶Ïprod·uct (?), n. A secondary or additional product; something produced, as in the course of a manufacture, in addition to the principal product.
Byre (?), n. [Cf, Icel. br pantry, Sw. bur cage,Dan. buur, E.bower.] A cow house. [N. of Eng.& Scot.]
By¶ÏreÏspect·(?), n. Private end or view; byÐinterest. [Obs.]
Dryden.
By¶road·(?), n. A private or obscure road. ½Through slippery byroads¸
Swift.
By¶Ïron·ic(?), a. Pertaining to, or in the style of, Lord Byron.
With despair and Byronic misanthropy.
Thackeray
By¶Ïroom·(?), n. A private room or apartment ½Stand in some byÐroom¸
Shak.
By¶Ïsmot·terÏed(?), p.a. [See Besmut.] Bespotted with mud or dirt. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
By¶Ïspeech·(?), n. An incidental or casual speech, not directly relating to the point. ½To quote byÐspeeches.¸
Hooker.
By¶Ïspell·(?), n. [AS. bigspell.] A proverb. [Obs.]
Byss (?), n. See Byssus, n.,1.
BysÏsa¶ceous(?), a. [From Byssus.] (Bot.) Byssuslike; consisting of fine fibers or threads, as some very delicate filamentous alg‘.
BysÏsif¶erÏous(?), a. [Byssus + Ðferous.] Bearing a byssus or tuft.
Bys¶sin (?), n. See Byssus, n,1.
Bys¶sine (?), a. [L. byssinus made of byssus, Gr.? See Byssus.] Made of silk; having a silky or flaxlike appearance.
Coles.
Bys¶soid(?), a. [Byssus + Ðoid.] Byssaceous.
Bys¶soÏlite(?), n [Gr.? See flax + Ðlite.] (Min.) An oliveÐgreen fibrous variety of hornblende.
ØBys¶sus(?), n.; pl. E. Byssuses(?); L. Byssi.(?) [L. byssus fine flax, fine linen or cotton, Gr. ? .]
1. A cloth of exceedingly fine texture, used by the ancients. It is disputed whether it was of cotton, linen, or silk. [Written also byss and byssin.]
2.(Zo”l.) A tuft of long, tough filaments which are formed in a groove of the foot, and issue from between the valves of certain bivalve mollusks, as the Pinna and Mytilus, by which they attach themselves to rocks, etc.
3. (Bot.) An obsolete name for certain fungi composed of slender threads.
4. Asbestus.
By¶stand·er (?), n. [By + stander, equiv. to standerÐby; cf. AS. bigÐstandan to stand by or near.] One who stands near; a spectator; one who has no concern with the business transacting.
He addressed the bystanders and scattered pamphlets among them.
Palfrey.
Syn.ÐLooker on; spectator; beholder; observer.
By¶Ïstreet·(?), n. A separate, private, or obscure street; an out of the way or cross street.
He seeks byÐstreets, and saves the expensive coach.
Gay.
By¶Ïstroke·(?), n. An accidental or a slyly given stroke.
By¶Ïturn·ing(?), n. An obscure road; a way turning from the main road.
Sir P.Sidney.
By¶Ïview·(?), n. A private or selfish view; selfÐinterested aim or purpose.
No byÐviews of his own shall mislead him.
Atterbury.
By¶Ïwalk·(?), n. A secluded or private walk.
He moves afterward in byÐwalks.
Dryden.
By¶Ïwash·(?), n. ÿThe outlet from a dam or reservoir; also, a cut to divert the flow of water.
By¶way·(?), n. A secluded, private, or obscure way; a path or road aside from the main one. ½ Take no byways.¸
Herbert.
By¶Ïwipe·(?), n. A secret or side stroke, as of raillery or sarcasm.
Milton.

By¶word· (?), n. [AS.b‹word; b‹, E.by+word.] 1. A common saying; a proverb; a saying that has a general currency.
I knew a wise man that had it for a byword.
Bacon.
2. The object of a contemptuous saying.
Thou makest us a byword among the heathen.
Ps.x?iv.14
By¶work (?), n. Work aside from regular work; subordinate or secondary business.
Byz¶ant(?), Byz¶anÏtine (?) n.} [OE. besant, besaunt, F. besant, fr. LL. Byzantius, Byzantinus, fr. Byzantium.] (Numis.) A gold coin, so called from being coined at Byzantium. See Bezant.
BiÏzan¶tian (?), a.& n. See Byzantine.
ByÏzan¶tine (?), a. Of or pertaining to Byzantium. Ð n. A native or inhabitant of Byzantium, now Constantinople; sometimes, applied to an inhabitant of the modern city of Constantinople. [ Written also Bizantine.]
Byzantine church, the Eastern or Greek church, as distinguished from the Western or Roman or Latin church.See under Greek.Ð Byzantine empire, the Eastern Roman or Greek empire from A.D. 364 or A.D. 395 to the capture of Constantinople by the Turks, A.D. 1453. Ð Byzantine historians, historians and writers (Zonaras, Procopius, etc.) who lived in the Byzantine empire. P.Cyc.
Ð Byzantine style (Arch.), a style of architecture developed in the Byzantine empire. Its leading forms are the round arch, the dome, the pillar, the circle, and the cross. The capitals of the pillars are the endless variety, and full of invention. The mosque of St.Sophia, Constantinople, and the church of St.Mark, Venice, are prominent examples of Byzantine architecture.

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C. (?) 1. C is the third letter of the English alphabet. It is from the Latin letter C, which in old Laton represend the sounds of k, and g (in go); its original value being the latter. In AngloÐSaxon words, or Old English before the Norman Conques, it always has the sound of k. The Latin C was the same letter as the Greek ?, ?, and came from the Greek alphabet. The Greek got it from the Phoenicians. The English name of C is from the Latin name ce, and was derived, probably, through the French Etymalogically C is related to g, h, k, q, s (and other sibilant sounds). Examples of these relations are in L. acutus, E. acute, aque; E. acrid, eagar; L. cornu, E. horn; E. cat, kitten; E. coy, quiet; L. circare, OF. cerchier, E. search.
See Guide to Pronunciation, ?? 221Ð228.
2. (Mus.) (a) The keynote of the normal or ½natural¸ scale, which has neither flats nor sharps in its signature; also, the third note of the relative minor scale of the same (b) C after the clef is the mark of common time, in which each measure is a semibreve (four fourths or crotchets); for alla breve time it is written ? (c) The ½C clef,¸ a modification of the letter C, placed on any line of the staff, abows that line to be middle C.
3. As a numeral, C stands for Latin centum or 100, CC for 200, etc.
C spring, a spring in the from of the letter C.
ØCaÏa¶ba (?), n. [Ar. ka'ban, let, a square building, fr. ka'b cude] The small and nearly cubical stone building, toward which all Mohammedans must pray. [Written also kaaba.]
µThe Caaba is situated in Messa, a city of Arabia, and contains a famous black stone said to have been brought from heaven. Before the time of Mohammed, the Caaba was an idolatrouse temple, but it has since been the chief sanctuary and object of pilgrimage of the Mohammedan world.
Caas (?), n, sing. ? pl. Case [Obs.] Chaucer.
Cab (?), n [Abrev. fr. cabriolet.] 1. A kind of close carriage with two or four wheesl, usually a public vehicle. ½A cab came clattering up.¸

Thackeray.
µ A cab may have two seats at right to the driver's seat, and a door behind; or one seat parallel to the driver's, with the entrance from the side or front.
Hansom cab. See Hansom.
2. The covered part of a locomotive, in which the engineer has his station.
Knight.
Cab (?), n. [Heb. gab, fr. q¾bab to hollow.] A Hebrew dry measure, containing a little over two (2,37) pints.
W.H.Ward. 2 Kings vi. 25.
CaÏbal¶ (?), n. [F. cabale cabal, cabala LL. cabala cabala, fr. Heb. qabb¾l?h reception, tradition, mysterious doctrine, fr. q¾bal to take or receive, in Pi‰l qibbel to abopt (a doctrine).] 1. Tradition; occult doctrine. See Cabala [Obs.]
Hakewill.
2. A secret. [Obs.] ½The measuring of the temple, a cabal found out but lately.¸
B.Jonson.
3. A number of persons united in some close design, usually to pronote their private views and interests in church or state by intrigue; a secret association composed of a few designing persons; a junto.
It so happend, by a whimsical coincidence, thet in 1671 the cabinet consisted of five persons, the initial letters of whose names made up the word cabal; Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale.
Macaulay.
4. The secret artifices or machinations of a few persons united in a close desing; in intrigue.
By cursed cabals of women.
Dryden.
Syn. Ð Junto; intrigue; plot; combination; conspiracy. Ð Cabal, Combination, Faction. An association for some purpose considered to be bad is the idea common to these terms. A combination is an organized union of individuals for mutual support, in urging their demands or resisting the clams of others, and may be good or bad according to circumstances; as, a combiviation of workmen or of employers to effect or to prevent a chang in prices. A cabal is a secret association of a few individuals who seek by cunning practices to abtain affice and power. A faction is a larger body that a cabal, employed for selfish purpoeses in agitating the community and working up an excitement with a view to chenge the existing order of things. ½Selfishness, insubordination, and laxity of morals give rise to combinations, which belong particularly to the lower orders of society. Restlase, jealous, ambitious, and little minds are ever forming cabals. Factions belong especially to free governments, and are raised by busy and turbulent spirits for selfish parposes¸.
Crabb.
CaÏbal¶, v. i. [int. & p.p. Caballed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Caballing]. [Cf. F. cabaler.] To unite in a small party to promote private views and interests by intrigue; to intrigue; to plot.
Caballing still against it with the great.
Dryden.
Cab¶aÐla (?), n. [LL. See Cabal, n.] 1. A kind of occult theosophy or traditional interpretation of the Scriptures among Jewish rabbis and certain mediaeval Christians, which treats of the nature of god and the mystery of humsn existence. It assumed that every letter, word, number, and accent of Scripture contains a hidden sense; and it teaches the methods of interpretation for ascertaining these occult meanings. The cabalists pretend even to foretell events by this means.
2. Secret science in general; mystic art; mystery.
Cab¶aÏlism (?), n. [Cf. F. cabalisme.]
1. The secret science of the cabalists.
2. A superstitious devotion to the mysteries of the religion which one professes. [R]
Emerson.
Cab¶aÏlist (?), n. [Cf.F. cabaliste.] One versed in the cabala, or the mysteries of Jewish traditions. ½Studions cabalists.¸
Swift.
Cab·aÏlis¶tic (?), Cab·aÐlis¶ticÐal (?)} a. Of or pertaining to the cabala; containing or conveying an occult meaning; mysic.
The Heptarchus is a cabalistic of the first chapter of Genesia.

Hallam.
Caba·aÏlis¶ticÏalÏly, adv. In a cabalistic manner.
Cab¶aÏlize (?), v.i. [Cf.F. cabaliser.] To use cabalistic language. [R]

Dr.H.More.
CaÏbal¶ler (?), n. One who cabals.
A close caballer and togueÐvaliant lord.
Dryden.
Cab¶alÏlineÿ(?), a. [L.caballinus, fr. caballus a nag. Cf. Cavalier.] Of or pertaining to a horse. Ðn. Caballine aloes.
Caballine aloes, an inferior and impure kind of aloes formerly used in veterinary practice; Ð called also horse aloes. Ð Caballine spring, the fountsain of Hippocrene, on Mount Helicon; Ð fabled to have been formed by a stoke from the foot of the winged horse Pegasus.
Cab¶aÏret (?), n. [F.] A tavern; a house where liquors are retailed. [Obs. as an English word.]
ØCaÏbas¶ (?), n. [F.] A flat basket or for figs, etc.; Hence, a lady's flat workbasket, reticule, or hand bag; Ð often written caba.
C.Bront‚.
ØCaÏbas¶sonÿ(?), n. (Zo”l.) A speciec of armadillo of the genus Xenurus (X. unicinctusand X. hispidus); the tatouay. [Written also Kabassou.]
Cab¶bage (?), n. [OE. cabage, fr. F. cabus headed (of cabbages), chou cobus headed cabbage, cabbage head; cf. It. capuccio a little head, cappuccio cowl, hood, cabbage, fr. capo head, L. caput, or fr. It. cappa cape. See Chiff, Cape.] (Bot.) 1. An esculent vegetable of many varieties, derived from the wild Brassica oleracea of Europe. The common cabbage has a compact head of leaves. The caulifliwer, Brussels sprouts, etc., are sonaetimes classed as cabbages.
2. The terminal bud of certain palm trees, used, like, cabbage, for food. See Cabbage free, below.
3. The cabbage palmetto. See below.
Cabbage aphis (Zo”l.), a green plantÐlouse (Aphis brassic?) which lives upon the leaves of the cabbage. Ð Cabbage Beetle (Zo”l.), a small, striped fleaÐbeetle (Phyllotreta viltat) which lives, in the larval state, on the roots, and when adult, on the leaves, of cabbage and other cruciferous plants. Ð Cabbage butterfly (Zo”l.), a white butterbly (Pieris rap? of both Europe and America, and the Allied P. oleracea, a native American species) which, in the larval state, devours the leaves of the cabbage and the turnip. See Cabbage worm, below. Ð Cabbage Fly (Zo”l.), a small twoÐwinged fly (Anthomyia brassic?), which feeds, in the larval or maggot state roots of the cabbage, often doing much damage to the crop. Ð Cabbage head, the compact head formed by the leaves of a cabbage; Ð contemptuously or humorously, and colloquially, a very stupid and silly person; a numskull. Ð Cabbage palmetto, a spesies of palm tree (Cabal Palmetto) found along the coast from North Carolina to Florida. Ð Cabbage rose (Bot.), a spesies of rose (Rosa centifolia) haveng large and heavy blossoms. Ð Cabbage tree, Cabbage palm, a name given to palms having a terminal bud called a cabbag, as the Sabal Palmetto of the United States, and the Euterpe oleracea and Oreodoxa oleracea of the West Indies. Ð Cabbage worm (Zo”l.), the larva of several species of moths and butterfies, which attacks cabbages. The most common is usully the larva of a white butterfly. See Cabbage Butterfly, above. The cabbage cutworms, which eat off the stalks oryoung plants during the night, are the larv‘ of several species of moths, of the genus Agrotis. See Cutworm. Ð Sea cabbage.( Bot.) (a) Sea kale (b). The original Plant (Brassica oleracea), from which the cabbage, cauliflower, , broccoli, etc., have been derived by cultivation. Ð ThousandÐheadeu cabbage. See Brussels sprouts.
Cab¶age, v.i. To from a head like that the cabbage; as, to make lettuce cabbage.
Johnson.
Cab¶bage, v.i. [imp. & p.p Cabbaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Cabbagingÿ3.] [F.cabasser, fr. OF. cabas theft; cf. F. cabas basket, and OF. cabuser to cheat.] To purloin or embezzle, as the pieces of cloth remaining after cutting out a garment; to pilfer.
Your tailor … cabbages whole yards of cloth.
Arbuthnot.
Cab¶bage, n. Cloth or clippings cabbaged or purloined by one who cuts out garments.
Cab¶bler (?), n. One who works at cabbling.
Cab¶bling (?), n. (Metal) The process of breaking up the flat measses into which wrought iron is first hammered, in order that the pieces may be reheated and wrought into bar iron.
ØCaÏbe¶?aÿ?, CaÏbesse¶ÿ(?), n. [Pg. cabe?a, F. cabesse.] The finest king of silk received from India.
ØCa¶ber (?), n. [Gael] A pole or beam used in Scottish games for tossing as a trial of strength.
Cab·eÏzon¶ÿ(?), n. [Sp., properly, big head. Cf. Cavesson.] (Zo”l.) A California fist (Hemilepidotus spinosus), allied to the sculpin.
Cab¶lÏat (?), n. [Native South American name.] (Zo”l.) The capybara. See Capybara.
Cab¶in (?), n. [OF. caban, fr. W. caban booth, cabin, dim. of cab cot, tent; or fr. F. cabane, cabine, LL. cabanna, perh. from the Celtic.] 1. A cottage or small house; a hum.
Swift.
A hunting cabin in the west.
E.Everett.
2. A small room; an inclosed plase.
So long in secret cabin there he held
Her captive.
Spenser.
3. A room in ship for officers or passengers.
Cabin boy, a boy whose duty is wait on the officers and passengers in the cabin of a ship.
Cab¶in v. i. [Imp. &p. p. Cabined (Ð?nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Cabining.] To live in, or as in, a cabin; to lodge.
I'll make you … cabin in a cave.
Shak.
Cab¶in, v. t. To confine in, or as in, a cabin.
I am cabined, cribbed, confined, dound in
To saucy doubts and fears.
Shak.
Cab¶iÏnetÿ3, n. [F., dim. of cabine or cabane. See Cabin, n.] 1. A hut; a cottage; a small house. [Obs.]
Hearken a while from thy green cabinet,
The rural song of careful Colinet.
Spenser.
2. A small room, or retired apartment; a closet.
3. A private room in which consultations are held.
Philip passed some hours every day in his father's cabinet.
Prescott.
4. The advisory council of the chief executive officer of a nation; a cabinet council.
µ In England, the cabinet or cabinet council consista of those privy coucilors who actually transact the immediate business of the government. Mozley & W. Ð In the United States, the cabinet is composed of the heads of the executive departaments of the government, namely, the Secretary of State, of the Treasury, of War, of the Navy, of the Interior, and of Agiculture, the PostmasterÐgeneral ,and the AttorneyÐgeneral.
5. (a) A set of drawers or a cupboard intended to contain articles of value. Hence: (b) A decorative piece of furniture, whether open like an ‚tagŠre or closed with doors. See Etagere.
6. Any building or room set apart for the safe keeping and exhibition of works of art, etc.; also, the colleotion itself.
Cabinet council. (a) Same as Cabinet, n., 4 (of which bode it was formerly the full title). (b) A meting of the cabinet. Ð Cabinet councilor, a member of a cabinet council. Ð Cabinet photograph, a photograph of a size smaller than an imperial, though larger than a carie de visite. Ð Cabinet picture, a small and generally highly finished picture, suitable for a small room and for close inspection.
Cab¶iÏnet, a. Suitable for a cabinet; small.
Yt [Varnhagen von Ense] is a walking cabinet edition of Goethe.
For. Quar. Rev.
Cab¶iÏnet, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cabineted; p. pr. & vb. n. Cabineting.] To inclose [R.]
Hewyt.
Cab¶iÏnetÏmak·erÿ(?), n. One whose occupation is to make cabinets or other choice articles of household furniture, as tables, bedsteads, bureaus, etc.
Cab¶iÏnetÏmak·ing, n. The art or occupation of making the finer articles of household furniture.
Cab¶iÏnetÏmork· (?), n. The art or occupation of working upon wooden furniture requiring nice workmanship; also, such furniture.
Cab·iÏre¶anÿ3, n. One of the Cabiri.
ØCabÏbi¶riÿ(?), n. pl. [ NL., fr. Gr. ????????.] (Myth) Certain deities originally worshiped with mystical rites by the Pelasgians in Lemnos and Samothrace and afterwards throughout Greece; Ð also called sons of eph‘stus (or Vulcan), as begin masters of the art ofworking metals. [Written also Cabeiri.]
Liddell & Scott.
CaÏbir¶iÏanÿ(?), a. Same as Cabidic.
CaÏbir¶icÿ3, a. [Cf. F. Cabirique] Of or pertaining to the Cabiri, or to their mystical worship. [Written also Cabiritic.]
Ca¶bleÿ3, n. [F. Cƒble,m LL. capulum, caplum, a rope, fr. L. capere to take; cf. D., Dan., & G. rabel, from the French. See Capable.] 1. A large, strong rope or chain, of considerable length, used to retain a vesel at anchor, and for other purposes. It is made of hemp, of steel wire, or of iron links.
2. A rope of steel wire, or copper wire, usually covered with some protecting, or insulating substance; as, the cable of a suspension bridge; a telegraphiccable.
3. (Arch) A nolding, shaft of a column, or any other member of convex, rounded section, made to resemble the spiral twist of a rope; Ð called also cable molding.
Bower cable, the cable belonging to the bower anchor. Ð Cable road, a railway on which the cars are moved by a continuously running endless rope operated by a stationary motor. Ð Cable¶s length, the length of a ship's cable. Cables in the merchant service vary in length from 100 to 140 fathoms or; but as a maritime measure, a cable's length is either 120 fathoms (720 feet), or about 100 fathoms (600 feet, an approximation to one tenth of a nautical mile). Ð Cable tier. (a) That part of a vessel where the cables are stowed. (b) A coll of a cable. Ð Street cable, the cable belonging to the sheet anchor. Ð Stream cable, a hawser or rope, smaller than the bower cables, to moor a ship in a plase sheltered from wind and heavy seas. Ð Submarina cable .See Telegraph. Ð To pay out the cable. To vear out the cable, to slacken it, that it may run out of the ship; to let more cable run out of the hawse hole. Ð To serve the cable, to bind it round with ropes, canvas, etc., to prevent its being, worn or galled in the hawse, et. Ð To slip the cable, to let go the end on board and let it all run out and go overboard, as when there is not time to weigh anchor. Hence, in sailor's use, to die.