Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) - Noah Webster

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2. Resembling a beam in size and weight; massy. His doubleÐbiting ax, and beamy spear. Dryden. 3. Having horns, or antlers. Beamy stags in toils engage. Dryden. Bean (?), n. [OE. bene, AS.be n; akin to D. boon, G. bohne, OHG. p?na, Icel. baun, Dan. b”nne, Sw. b”na, and perh. to Russ. bob, L. faba.] 1. (Bot.) A name given to the seed of certain leguminous herbs, chiefly of the genera Faba, Phaseolus, and Dolichos; also, to the herbs. µ The origin and classification of many kinds are still doubtful. Among true beans are: the blackÐeyed bean and China bean, included in Dolichos Sinensis; black Egyptian bean or hyacinth bean, D. Lablab; the common haricot beans, kidney beans, string beans, and pole beans, all included in Phaseolus vulgaris; the lower bush bean, Ph. vulgaris, variety nanus; Lima bean, Ph. lunatus; Spanish bean and scarlet runner, Ph. maltiflorus; Windsor bean, the common bean of England, Faba vulgaris. As an article of food beans are classed with vegetables. 2. The popular name of other vegetable seeds or fruits, more or less resembling true beans. Bean aphis (Zo”l.), a plant louse (Aphis fab‘) which infests the bean plant. Ð Bean fly (Zo”l.), a fly found on bean flowers. Ð Bean goose (Zo”l.), a species of goose (Anser se?etum). Ð Bean weevil (Zo”l.), a small weevil that in the larval state destroys beans. The American species in Bruchus fab‘. Ð Florida bean (Bot.), the seed of Mucuna urens, a West Indian plant. The seeds are washed up on the Florida shore, and are often polished and made into ornaments. Ð Ignatius bean, or St. Ignatius's bean (Bot.), a species of Strychnos. Ð Navy bean, the common dried white bean of commerce; probably so called because an important article of food in the navy. Ð Pea bean, a very small and highly esteemed variety of the edible white bean; Ð so called from its size. Ð Sacred bean. See under Sacred. Ð Screw bean. See under Screw. Ð Sea bean. (a) Same as Florida bean. (b) A red bean of unknown species used for ornament. Ð Tonquin bean, or Tonka bean, the fragrant seed of Dipteryx odorata, a leguminous tree. Ð Vanilla bean. See under Vanilla. Bean¶ ca·per. (Bot.) A deciduous plant of warm climates, generally with fleshy leaves and flowers of a yellow or whitish yellow color, of the genus Zygophyllum. Bean¶ tre¶foil. (Bot.) A leguminous shrub of southern Europe, with trifoliate leaves (Anagyris f?tida). Bear (?), v. t. [imp. Bore (?) (formerly Bare (?)); p. p. Born (?), Borne (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bearing.] [OE. beren, AS. beran, beoran, to bear, carry, produce; akin to D. baren to bring forth, G. geb„ren, Goth. ba¡ran to bear or carry, Icel. bera, Sw. b„ra, Dan. b‘re, OHG. beran, peran, L. ferre to bear, carry, produce, Gr. ?, OSlav brati to take, carry, OIr. berim I bear, Skr. bh? to bear. ?92. Cf. Fertile.] 1. To support or sustain; to hold up. 2. To support and remove or carry; to convey. I 'll bear your logs the while. Shak. 3. To conduct; to bring; Ð said of persons. [Obs.] Bear them to my house. Shak. 4. To possess and use, as power; to exercise. Every man should bear rule in his own house. Esther i. 22. 5. To sustain; to have on (written or inscribed, or as a mark), as, the tablet bears this inscription. 6. To possess or carry, as a mark of authority or distinction; to wear; as, to bear a sword, badge, or name. 7. To possess mentally; to carry or hold in the mind; to entertain; to harbor Dryden. The ancient grudge I bear him. Shak. 8. To endure; to tolerate; to undergo; to suffer. Should such a man, too fond to rule alone, Bear, like the Turk, no brother near the throne. Pope. I cannot bear The murmur of this lake to hear. Shelley. My punishment is greater than I can bear. Gen. iv. 13. 9. To gain or win. [Obs.] Some think to bear it by speaking a great word. Bacon. She was … found not guilty, through bearing of friends and bribing of the judge. Latimer. 10. To sustain, or be answerable for, as blame, expense, responsibility, etc. He shall bear their iniquities. Is. liii. 11. Somewhat that will bear your charges. Dryden. 11. To render or give; to bring forward. ½Your testimony bear¸ Dryden. 12. To carry on, or maintain; to have. ½The credit of bearing a part in the conversation.¸ Locke. 13. To admit or be capable of; that is, to suffer or sustain without violence, injury, or change. In all criminal cases the most favorable interpretation should be put on words that they can possibly bear. Swift. 14. To manage, wield, or direct. ½Thus must thou thy body bear.¸ Shak. Hence: To behave; to conduct. Hath he borne himself penitently in prison ? Shak. 15. To afford; to be to ; to supply with. ?is faithful dog shall bear him company. Pope. 16. To bring forth or produce; to yield; as, to bear apples; to bear children; to bear interest. Here dwelt the man divine whom Samos bore. Dryden. µ In the passive form of this verb, the best modern usage restricts the past participle born to the sense of brought forth, while borne is used in the other senses of the word. In the active form, borne alone is used as the past participle. To bear down. (a) To force into a lower place; to carry down; to depress or sink. ½His nose, … large as were the others, bore them down into insignificance.¸ Marryat. (b) To overthrow or crush by force; as, to bear down an enemy. Ð To bear a hand. (a) To help; to give assistance. (b) (Naut.) To make haste; to be quick. Ð To bear in hand, to keep (one) up in expectation, usually by promises never to be realized; to amuse by false pretenses; to delude. [Obs.] ½How you were borne in hand, how crossed.¸ Shak. Ð To bear in mind, to remember. Ð To bear off. (a) To restrain; to keep from approach. (b) (Naut.) To remove to a distance; to keep clear from rubbing against anything; as, to bear off a blow; to bear off a boat. (c) To gain; to carry off, as a prize. Ð To bear one hard, to owe one a grudge. [Obs.] ½C‘sar doth bear me hard.¸ Shak. Ð To bear out. (a) To maintain and support to the end; to defend to the last. ½Company only can bear a man out in an ill thing.¸ South. (b) To corroborate; to confirm. Ð To bear up, to support; to keep from falling or sinking. ½Religious hope bears up the mind under sufferings.¸ Addison. Syn. Ð To uphold; sustain; maintain; support; undergo; suffer; endure; tolerate; carry; convey; transport; waft. Bear (?), v. i. 1. To produce, as fruit; to be fruitful, in opposition to barrenness. This age to blossom, and the next to bear. Dryden. 2. To suffer, as in carrying a burden. But man is born to bear. Pope. 3. To endure with patience; to be patient. I can not, can not bear. Dryden. 4. To press; Ð with on or upon, or against. These men bear hard on the suspected party. Addison. 5. To take effect; to have influence or force; as, to bring matters to bear. 6. To relate or refer; Ð with on or upon; as, how does this bear on the question? 7. To have a certain meaning, intent, or effect. Her sentence bore that she should stand a certain time upon the platform. Hawthorne. 8. To be situated, as to the point of compass, with respect to something else; as, the land bears N. by E. To bear against, to approach for attack or seizure; as, a lion bears against his prey. [Obs.] Ð To bear away (Naut.), to change the course of a ship, and make her run before the wind. Ð To bear back, to retreat. ½Bearing back from the blows of their sable antagonist.¸ Sir W. Scott. Ð To bear down upon (Naut.), to approach from the windward side; as, the fleet bore down upon the enemy. Ð To bear in with (Naut.), to run or tend toward; as, a ship bears in with the land. Ð To bear off (Naut.), to steer away, as from land. Ð To bear up. (a) To be supported; to have fortitude; to be firm; not to sink; as, to bear up under afflictions. (b) (Naut.) To put the helm up (or to windward) and so put the ship before the wind; to bear away. Ha?ersly. Ð To bear upon (Mil.), to be pointed or situated so as to affect; to be pointed directly against, or so as to hit (the object); as, to bring or plant guns so as to bear upon a fort or a ship; the artillery bore upon the center. Ð To bear up to, to tend or move toward; as, to bear up to one another. Ð To bear with, to endure; to be indulgent to; to forbear to resent, oppose, or punish. Bear (?), n. A bier. [Obs.] Spenser. Bear (?), n. [OE. bere, AS. bera; akin to D. beer, OHG. bero, pero, G. b„r, Icel. & Sw. bj”rn, and possibly to L. fera wild beast, Gr. ? beast, Skr. bhalla bear.] 1. (Zo”l.) Any species of the genus Ursus, and of the closely allied genera. Bears are plantigrade Carnivora, but they live largely on fruit and insects. The European brown bear (U. arctos), the white polar bear (U. maritimus), the grizzly bear (U. horribilis), the American black bear, and its variety the cinnamon bear (U. Americanus), the Syrian bear (Ursus Syriacus), and the sloth bear, are among the notable species. 2. (Zo”l.) An animal which has some resemblance to a bear in form or habits, but no real affinity; as, the woolly bear; ant bear; water bear; sea bear. 3. (Astron.) One of two constellations in the northern hemisphere, called respectively the Great Bear and the Lesser Bear, or Ursa Major and Ursa Minor. 4. Metaphorically: A brutal, coarse, or morose person. 5. (Stock Exchange) A person who sells stocks or securities for future delivery in expectation of a fall in the market. µ The bears and bulls of the Stock Exchange, whose interest it is, the one to depress, and the other to raise, stocks, are said to be so called in allusion to the bear's habit of pulling down, and the bull's of tossing up. 6. (Mach.) A portable punching machine. 7. (Naut.) A block covered with coarse matting; Ð used to scour the deck. Australian bear. (Zo”l.) See Koala. Ð Bear baiting, the sport of baiting bears with dogs. Ð Bear caterpillar (Zo”l.), the hairy larva of a moth, esp. of the genus Euprepia. Ð Bear garden. (a) A place where bears are kept for diversion or fighting. (b) Any place where riotous conduct is common or permitted. M. Arnold. Ð Bear leader, one who leads about a performing bear for money; hence, a facetious term for one who takes charge of a young man on his travels. Bear, v. t. (Stock Exchange) To endeavor to depress the price of, or prices in; as, to bear a railroad stock; to bear the market. Bear, Bere (?), n. [AS. bere. See Barley.] (Bot.) Barley; the sixÐrowed barley or the fourÐrowed barley, commonly the former (Hord?um hexastichon or H. vulgare). [Obs. except in North of Eng. and Scot.] Bear¶aÏble (?), a. Capable of being borne or endured; tolerable. Ð Bear¶aÏbly, adv. Bear¶berÏry (?), n. (Bot.) A trailing plant of the heath family (Arctostaphylos uvaÐursi), having leaves which are tonic and astringent, and glossy red berries of which bears are said to be fond. Bear¶bind· (?), n. (Bot.) The bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). Beard (?), n. [OE. berd, AS. beard; akin to Fries. berd, D. baard, G. bart, Lith. barzda, OSlav. brada, Pol. broda, Russ. boroda, L. barba, W. barf. Cf. 1st Barb.] 1. The hair that grows on the chin, lips, and adjacent parts of the human face, chiefly of male adults. 2. (Zo”l.) (a) The long hairs about the face in animals, as in the goat. (b) The cluster of small feathers at the base of the beak in some birds (c) The appendages to the jaw in some Cetacea, and to the mouth or jaws of some fishes. (d) The byssus of certain shellfish, as the muscle. (e) The gills of some bivalves, as the oyster. (f) In insects, the hairs of the labial palpi of moths and butterflies. 3. (Bot.) Long or stiff hairs on a plant; the awn; as, the beard of grain. 4. A barb or sharp point of an arrow or other instrument, projecting backward to prevent the head from being easily drawn out. 5. That part of the under side of a horse's lower jaw which is above the chin, and bears the curb of a bridle. 6. (Print.) That part of a type which is between the shoulder of the shank and the face. 7. An imposition; a trick. [Obs.] Chaucer. Beard grass (Bot.), a coarse, perennial grass of different species of the genus Andropogon. Ð To one's beard, to one's face; in open defiance. Beard (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bearded; p. pr. & vb. n. Bearding.] 1. To take by the beard; to seize, pluck, or pull the beard of (a man), in anger or contempt. 2. To oppose to the gills; to set at defiance. No admiral, bearded by three corrupt and dissolute minions of the palace, dared to do more than mutter something about a court martial. Macaulay. 3. To deprive of the gills; Ð used only of oysters and similar shellfish. Beard¶ed, a. Having a beard. ½Bearded fellow.¸ Shak. ½Bearded grain.¸ Dryden. Bearded vulture, Bearded eagle. (Zo”l.) See Lammergeir. Ð Bearded tortoise. (Zo”l.) See Matamata. Beard¶ie (?), n. [From Beard, n.] (Zo”l.) The bearded loach (Nemachilus barbatus) of Europe. [Scot.] Beard¶less, a. 1. Without a beard. Hence: Not having arrived at puberty or manhood; youthful. 2. Destitute of an awn; as, beardless wheat. Beard¶lessÏness, n. The state or quality of being destitute of beard. Bear¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, bears, sustains, or carries. ½Bearers of burdens.¸ 2 Chron. ii. 18. ½The bearer of unhappy news.¸ Dryden. 2. Specifically: One who assists in carrying a body to the grave; a pallbearer. Milton. 3. A palanquin carrier; also, a house servant. [India] 4. A tree or plant yielding fruit; as, a good bearer. 5. (Com.) One who holds a check, note, draft, or other order for the payment of money; as, pay to bearer. 6. (Print.) A strip of reglet or other furniture to bear off the impression from a blank page; also, a type or typeÐhigh piece of metal interspersed in blank parts to support the plate when it is shaved. Bear¶herd· (?), n. A man who tends a bear. Bear¶hound· (?), n. A hound for baiting or hunting bears. Car??le. Bear¶ing (?), n. 1. The manner in which one bears or conducts one's self; mien; behavior; carriage. I know him by his bearing. Shak. 2. Patient endurance; suffering without complaint. 3. The situation of one object, with respect to another, such situation being supposed to have a connection with the object, or influence upon it, or to be influenced by it; hence, relation; connection. But of this frame, the bearings and the ties, The strong connections, nice dependencies. Pope. 4. Purport; meaning; intended significance; aspect. 5. The act, power, or time of producing or giving birth; as, a tree in full bearing; a tree past bearing. [His mother] in travail of his bearing. R. of Gloucester. 6. (Arch.) (a) That part of any member of a building which rests upon its supports; as, a lintel or beam may have four inches of bearing upon the wall. (b) The portion of a support on which anything rests. (c) Improperly, the unsupported span; as, the beam has twenty feet of bearing between its supports. 7. (Mach.) (a) The part of an axle or shaft in contact with its support, collar, or boxing; the journal. (b) The part of the support on which a journal rests and rotates. 8. (Her.) Any single emblem or charge in an escutcheon or coat of arms Ð commonly in the pl. A carriage covered with armorial bearings. Thackeray. 9. (Naut.) (a) The situation of a distant object, with regard to a ship's position, as on the bow, on the lee quarter, etc.; the direction or point of the compass in which an object is seen; as, the bearing of the cape was M. N. W. (b) pl. The widest part of a vessel below the plankÐsheer. (c) pl. The line of flotation of a vessel when properly trimmed with cargo or ballast. Ball bearings. See under Ball. Ð To bring one to his bearings, to bring one to his senses. Ð To lose one's bearings, to become bewildered. Ð To take bearings, to ascertain by the compass the position of an object; to ascertain the relation of one object or place to another; to ascertain one's position by reference to landmarks or to the compass; hence (Fig.), to ascertain the condition of things when one is in trouble or perplexity. Syn. Ð Deportment; gesture; mien; behavior; manner; carriage; demeanor; port; conduct; direction; relation; tendency; influence. Bear¶ing cloth· (?). A cloth with which a child is covered when carried to be baptized. Shak. Bear¶ing rein· (?). A short rein looped over the check hook or the hames to keep the horse's head up; Ð called in the United States a checkrein. Bear¶ish, a. Partaking of the qualities of a bear; resembling a bear in temper or manners. Harris. Bear¶ishÏness, n. Behavior like that of a bear. Bearn (?), n. See Bairn. [Obs.] Bear's¶Ðbreech· (?), n. (Bot.) (a) See Acanthus, n., 1. (b) The English cow parsnip (Heracleum sphondylium) Dr. Prior.

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Bear'sÐear· (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of primrose (Primula auricula), so called from the shape of the leaf. Bear's¶Ðroot· (?), n. (Bot.) A species of hellebore (Helleborus f?tidus), with digitate leaves. It has an offensive smell and acrid taste, and is a powerful emetic, cathartic, and anthelmintic. Bear¶skin· (?), n. 1. The skin of a bear. 2. A coarse, shaggy, woolen cloth for overcoats. 3. A cap made of bearskin, esp. one worn by soldiers. Bear's¶Ðpaw· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A large bivalve shell of the East Indies (Hippopus maculatus), often used as an ornament. Bear¶ward· (?), n. [Bear + ward a keeper.] A keeper of bears. See Bearherd. [R.] Shak. Beast (?), n. [OE. best, beste, OF. beste, F. bˆte, fr. L. bestia.] 1. Any living creature; an animal; Ð including man, insects, etc. [Obs.] Chaucer. 2. Any fourÐfooted animal, that may be used for labor, food, or sport; as, a beast of burden. A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast. Prov. xii. 10. 3. As opposed to man: Any irrational animal. 4. Fig.: A coarse, brutal, filthy, or degraded fellow. 5. A game at cards similar to loo. [Obs.] Wright. 6. A penalty at beast, omber, etc. Hence: To be beasted, to be beaten at beast, omber, etc. Beast royal, the lion. [Obs.] Chaucer. Syn. Ð Beast, Brute. When we use these words in a figurative sense, as applicable to human beings, we think of beasts as mere animals governed by animal appetite; and of brutes as being destitute of reason or moral feeling, and governed by unrest?ained passion. Hence we speak of beastly appetites; beastly indulgences, etc.; and of brutal manners; brutal inhumanity; brutal ferocity. So, also, we say of a drunkard, that he first made himself a beast, and then treated his family like a brute. Beast¶hood (?), n. State or nature of a beast. Beast¶ings (?), n. pl. See Biestings. Beast¶liÏhead (?), n. [Beastly + Ïhead state.] Beastliness. [Obs.] Spenser. Beast¶like¶ (?), a. Like a beast. Beast¶liÏness, n. The state or quality of being beastly. Beast¶ly (?), a. 1. Pertaining to, or having the form, nature, or habits of, a beast. Beastly divinities and droves of gods. Prior. 2. Characterizing the nature of a beast; contrary to the nature and dignity of man; brutal; filthy. The beastly vice of drinking to excess. Swift. 3. Abominable; as, beastly weather. [Colloq. Eng.] Syn. Ð Bestial; brutish; irrational; sensual; degrading. Beat (?), v. t. [imp. Beat; p.p. Beat, Beaten (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Beating.] [OE. beaten, beten, AS. be tan; akin to Icel. bauta, OHG. b?zan. Cf. 1st Butt, Button.] 1. To strike repeatedly; to lay repeated blows upon; as, to beat one's breast; to beat iron so as to shape it; to beat grain, in order to force out the ?eeds; to beat eggs and sugar; to beat a drum. Thou shalt beat some of it [spices] very small. Ex. xxx. 36. They did beat the gold into thin plates. Ex. xxxix. 3. 2. To punish by blows; to thrash. 3. To scour or range over in hunting, accompanied with the noise made by striking bushes, etc., for the purpose of rousing game. To beat the woods, and rouse the bounding prey. Prior. 4. To dash against, or strike, as with water or wind. A frozen continent … beat with perpetual storms. Milton. 5. To tread, as a path. Pass awful gulfs, and beat my painful way. Blackmore. 6. To overcome in a battle, contest, strife, race, game, etc.; to vanquish or conquer; to surpass. He beat them in a bloody battle. Prescott. For loveliness, it would be hard to beat that. M. Arnold. 7. To cheat; to chouse; to swindle; to defraud; Ð often with out. [Colloq.] 8. To exercise severely; to perplex; to trouble. Why should any one … beat his head about the Latin grammar who does not intend to be a critic? Locke. 9. (Mil.) To give the signal for, by beat of drum; to sound by beat of drum; as, to beat an alarm, a charge, a parley, a retreat; to beat the general, the reveille, the tattoo. See Alarm, Charge, Parley, etc. To beat down, to haggle with (any one) to secure a lower price; to force down. [Colloq.] Ð To beat into, to teach or instill, by repetition. Ð To beat off, to repel or drive back. Ð To beat out, to extend by hammering. Ð To beat out of a thing, to cause to relinquish it, or give it up. ½Nor can anything beat their posterity out of it to this day.¸ South. Ð To beat the dust. (Man.) (a) To take in too little ground with the fore legs, as a horse. (b) To perform curvets too precipitately or too low. Ð To beat the hoof, to walk; to go on foot. Ð To beat the wing, to flutter; to move with fluttering agitation. Ð To beat time, to measure or regulate time in music by the motion of the hand or foot. Ð To beat up, to attack suddenly; to alarm or disturb; as, to beat up an enemy's quarters. Syn. Ð To strike; pound; bang; buffet; maul; drub; th?ap; baste; thwack; thrash; pommel; cudgel; belabor; conquer; defeat; vanquish; overcome. Beat, v. i. 1. To strike repeatedly; to inflict repeated bla?s; to knock vigorously or loudly. The men of the city … beat at the door. Judges. xix. 22. 2. To move with pulsation or throbbing. A thousand hearts beat happily. Byron. 3. To come or act with violence; to dash or fall with force; to strike anything, as, rain, wind, and waves do. Sees rolling tempests vainly beat below. Dryden. They [winds] beat at the crazy casement. Longfellow. The sun beat upon the head of Jonah, that he fainted, and wisbed in himself to die. Jonah iv. 8. Public envy seemeth to beat chiefly upon ministers. Bacon. 4. To be in agitation or doubt. [Poetic] To still my beating mind. Shak. 5. (Naut.) To make progress against the wind, by sailing in a zigzag line or traverse. 6. To make a sound when struck; as, the drums beat. 7. (Mil.) To make a succession of strokes on a drum; as, the drummers beat to call soldiers to their quarters. 8. (Acoustics & Mus.) To sound with more or less rapid alternations of greater and less intensity, so as to produce a pulsating effect; Ð said of instruments, tones, or vibrations, not perfectly in unison. A beating wind (Naut.), a wind which necessitates tacking in order to make progress. Ð To beat about, to try to find; to search by various means or ways. Addison. Ð To beat about the bush, to approach a subject circuitously. Ð To beat up and down (Hunting), to run first one way and then another; Ð said of a stag. Ð To beat up for recruits, to go diligently about in order to get helpers or participators in an enterprise. Beat (?), n. 1. A stroke; a blow. He, with a careless beat, Struck out the mute creation at a heat. Dryden. 2. A recurring stroke; a throb; a pulsation; as, a beat of the heart; the beat of the pulse. 3. (Mus.) (a) The rise or fall of the hand or foot, marking the divisions of time; a division of the measure so marked. In the rhythm of music the beat is the unit. (b) A transient grace note, struck immediately before the one it is intended to ornament. 4. (Acoustics & Mus.) A sudden swelling or re‰nforcement of a sound, recurring at regular intervals, and produced by the interference of sound waves of slightly different periods of vibrations; applied also, by analogy, to other kinds of wave motions; the pulsation or throbbing produced by the vibrating together of two tones not quite in unison. See Beat, v. i., 8. 5. A round or course which is frequently gone over; as, a watchman's beat. 6. A place of habitual or frequent resort. 7. A cheat or swindler of the lowest grade; Ð often emphasized by dead; as, a dead beat. [Low] Beat of drum (Mil.), a succession of strokes varied, in different ways, for particular purposes, as to regulate a march, to call soldiers to their arms or quarters, to direct an attack, or retreat, etc. Ð Beat of a watch, or clock, the stroke or sound made by the action of the escapement. A clock is in beat or out of beat, according as the strokes is at equal or unequal intervals. Beat, a. Weary; tired; fatigued; exhausted. [Colloq.] Quite beat, and very much vexed and disappointed. Dickens. Beat¶en (?), a. 1. Made smooth by beating or treading; worn by use. ½A broad and beaten way.¸ Milton. ½Beaten gold.¸ Shak. 2. Vanquished; conquered; baffled. 3. Exhausted; tired out. 4. Become common or trite; as, a beaten phrase. [Obs.] 5. Tried; practiced. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. Beat¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, beats. 2. A person who beats up game for the hunters. Black. Beath (?), v. t. [AS. be?ian to foment.] To bathe; also, to dry or heat, as unseasoned wood. [Obs.] Spenser. Be·aÏtif¶ic (?), Be·aÏtif¶icÏal (?), } a. [Cf. F. b‚atifique, L. beatificus. See Beatify.] Having the power to impart or complete blissful enjoyment; blissful. ½The beatific vision.¸ South. Ð Be·aÏtif¶icÏalÏly, adv. Be·aÏtif¶iÏcate (?), v. t. To beatify. [Obs.] Fuller. BeÏat·iÏfiÏca¶tion (?), n. [Cf. F. b‚atification.] The act of beatifying, or the state of being beatified; esp., in the R. C. Church, the act or process of ascertaining and declaring that a deceased person is one of ½the blessed,¸ or has attained the second degree of sanctity, Ð usually a stage in the process of canonization. ½The beatification of his spirit.¸ Jer. Taylor. BeÏat¶iÏfy (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Beatified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Beatifying.] [L. beatificare; beatus happy (fr. beare to bless, akin to bonus good) + facere to make: cf. F. b‚atifier. See Bounty.] 1. To pronounce or regard as happy, or supremely blessed, or as conferring happiness. The common conceits and phrases that beatify wealth. Barrow. 2. To make happy; to bless with the completion of celestial enjoyment. ½Beatified spirits.¸ Dryden. 3. ( R. C. Ch.) To ascertain and declare, by a public process and decree, that a deceased person is one of ½the blessed¸ and is to be reverenced as such, though not canonized. Beat¶ing (?), n. 1. The act of striking or giving blows; punishment or chastisement by blows. 2. Pulsation; throbbing; as, the beating of the heart. 3. (Acoustics & Mus.) Pulsative sounds. See Beat, n. 4. (Naut.) The process of sailing against the wind by tacks in zigzag direction. BeÏat¶iÏtude (?), n. [L. beatitudo: cf. F. b‚atitude. See Beatify.] 1. Felicity of the highest kind; consummate bliss. 2. Any one of the nine declarations (called the Beatitudes), made in the Sermon on the Mount (Matt. v. 3Ð12), with regard to the blessedness of those who are distinguished by certain specified virtues. 3. (R. C. Ch.) Beatification. Milman. Syn. Ð Blessedness; felicity; happiness. Beau (?), n.; pl. F. Beaux (E. pron. b?z), E. Beaus (?). [F., a fop, fr. beau fine, beautiful, fr. L. bellus pretty, fine, for bonulus, dim. of bonus good. See Bounty, and cf. Belle, Beauty.] 1. A man who takes great care to dress in the latest fashion; a dandy. 2. A man who escorts, or pays attentions to, a lady; an escort; a lover. Beau¶catch·er (?), n. A small flat curl worn on the temple by women. [Humorous] Beau¶fet (?), n. [See Buffet.] A niche, cupboard, or sideboard for plate, china, glass, etc.; a buffet. A beaufet … filled with gold and silver vessels. Prescott. Beau¶fin (?), n. See Biffin. Wright. Beau¶ iÏde¶al (?). [F. beau beautiful + id‚al ideal.] A conception or image of consummate beauty, moral or physical, formed in the mind, free from all the deformities, defects, and blemishes seen in actual existence; an ideal or faultless standard or model. Beau¶ish (?), n. Like a beau; characteristic of a beau; foppish; fine. ½A beauish young spark.¸ Byrom. ØBeau· monde¶ (?). [F. beau fine + monde world.] The fashionable world; people of fashion and gayety. Prior. Beau¶pere· (?), n. [F. beau p‚re; beau fair + p‚re father.] 1. A father. [Obs.] Wyclif. 2. A companion. [Obs.] Spenser. ØBeau·se·ant¶ (?), n. [F. beauc‚ant.] The black and white standard of the Knights Templars. Beau¶ship (?), n. The state of being a beau; the personality of a beau. [Jocular] Dryden. Beau¶teÏous (?), a. Full of beauty; beautiful; very handsome. [Mostly poetic] Ð Beau¶teÏousÏly, adv. Ð Beau¶teÏousÏness, n. Beau¶tied (?), p. a. Beautiful; embellished. [Poetic] Shak. Beau¶tiÏfi·er (?), n. One who, or that which, beautifies or makes beautiful. Beau¶tiÏful (?), a. Having the qualities which constitute beauty; pleasing to the sight or the mind. A circle is more beautiful than a square; a square is more beautiful than a parallelogram. Lord Kames. Syn. Ð Handsome; elegant; lovely; fair; charming; graceful; pretty; delightful. See Fine. Ð Beau¶tiÏfulÏly, adv. Ð Beau¶tiÏfulÏness, n. Beau¶tiÏfy (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Beautified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Beautifying.] [Beauty + Ïfy.] To make or render beautiful; to add beauty to; to adorn; to deck; to grace; to embellish. The arts that beautify and polish life. Burke. Syn. Ð To adorn; grace; ornament; deck; decorate. Beau¶tiÏfy, v. i. To become beautiful; to advance in beauty. Addison. Beau¶tiÏless, a. Destitute of beauty. Hammond. Beau¶ty (?), n.; pl. Beauties (?). [OE. beaute, beute, OF. beaut‚, biaut‚, Pr. beltat, F. beaut‚, fr. an assumed LL. bellitas, from L. bellus pretty. See Beau.] 1. An assemblage or graces or properties pleasing to the eye, the ear, the intellect, the ‘sthetic faculty, or the moral sense. Beauty consists of a certain composition of color and figure, causing delight in the beholder. Locke. The production of beauty by a multiplicity of symmetrical parts uniting in a consistent whole. Wordsworth. The old definition of beauty, in the Roman school, was, ½multitude in unity;¸ and there is no doubt that such is the principle of beauty. Coleridge. 2. A particular grace, feature, ornament, or excellence; anything beautiful; as, the beauties of nature. 3. A beautiful person, esp. a beautiful woman. All the admired beauties of Verona. Shak. 4. Prevailing style or taste; rage; fashion. [Obs.] She stained her hair yellow, which was then the beauty. Jer. Taylor. Beauty spot, a patch or spot placed on the face with intent to heighten beauty by contrast. Beaux (?), n., pl. of Beau. Beaux¶ite (?), n. (Min.) See Bauxite. Bea¶ver (?), n. [OE. bever, AS. beofer, befer; akin to D. bever, OHG. bibar, G. biber, Sw. b„fver, Dan. b‘ver, Lith. bebru, Russ. bobr', Gael. beabhar, Corn. befer, L. fiber, and Skr. babhrus large ichneumon; also as an adj., brown, the animal being probably named from its color. ?253. See Brown.] 1. (Zo”l.) An amphibious rodent, of the genus Castor. µ It has palmated hind feet, and a broad, flat tail. It is remarkable for its ingenuity in constructing its valued for its fur, and for the material called castor, obtained from two small bags in the groin of the animal. The European species is Castor fiber, and the American is generally considered a variety of this, although sometimes called Castor Canadensis. 2. The fur of the beaver. 3. A hat, formerly made of the fur of the beaver, but now usually of silk. A brown beaver slouched over his eyes. Prescott. 4. Beaver cloth, a heavy felted woolen cloth, used chiefly for making overcoats. Beaver rat (Zo”l.), an aquatic ratlike quadruped of Tasmania (Hydromys chrysogaster). Ð Beaver skin, the furry skin of the beaver. Ð Bank beaver. See under 1st Bank. Bea¶ver, n. [OE. baviere, bauier, beavoir, bever; fr. F. baviŠre, fr. bave slaver, drivel, foam, OF., prattle, drivel, perh. orig. an imitative word. BaviŠre, according to Cotgrave, is the bib put before a (slavering) child.] That piece of armor which protected the lower part of the face, whether forming a part of the helmet or fixed to the breastplate. It was so constructed (with joints or otherwise) that the wearer could raise or lower it to eat and drink. Bea¶vered (?), a. Covered with, or wearing, a beaver or hat. ½His beavered brow.¸ Pope. Bea¶verÏteen (?), n. A kind of fustian made of coarse twilled cotton, shorn after dyeing. Simmonds.

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BeÏbee¶rine, or BeÏbi¶rine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid got from the bark of the bebeeru, or green heart of Guiana (Nectandra Rodi?i). It is a tonic, antiperiodic, and febrifuge, and is used in medicine as a substitute for quinine. [Written also bibirine.]
BeÏbleed¶ (?), v. t. To make bloody; to stain with blood. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
BeÏblood¶ (?), BeÏblood¶y (?), v. t. To make bloody; to stain with blood. [Obs.]
Sheldon.
BeÏblot¶ (?), v. t. To blot; to stain.
Chaucer.
BeÏblub¶ber (?), v. t. To make swollen and disfigured or sullied by weeping; as, her eyes or cheeks were beblubbered.
BeÏcalm¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Becalmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Becalming.] 1. To render calm or quiet; to calm; to still; to appease.
Soft whispering airs … becalm the mind.
Philips.
2. To keep from motion, or stop the progress of, by the stilling of the wind; as, the fleet was becalmed.
BeÏcame¶ (?), imp. of Become.
ØBec¶ard (?), n. (Zo”l.) A South American bird of the flycatcher family. (Tityra inquisetor).
BeÏcause¶ (?), conj. [OE. bycause; by + cause.] 1. By or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that.
Milton.
2. In order that; that. [Obs.]
And the multitude rebuked them because they should hold their peace.
Matt. xx. 31.
Because of, by reason of, on account of. [Prep. phrase.]
Because of these things cometh the wrath of God upon the children of disobedience.
Eph. v. 6.
Syn. Ð Because, For, Since, As, Inasmuch As. These particles are used, in certain connections, to assign the reason of a thing, or that ½on account of¸ which it is or takes place. Because (by cause) is the strongest and most emphatic; as, I hid myself because I was afraid. For is not quite so strong; as, in Shakespeare, ½I hate him, for he is a Christian.¸ Since is less formal and more incidental than because; as, I will do it since you request me. It more commonly begins a sentence; as, Since your decision is made, I will say no more. As is still more incidental than since, and points to some existing fact by way of assigning a reason. Thus we say, as I knew him to be out of town, I did not call. Inasmuch as seems to carry with it a kind of qualification which does not belong to the rest. Thus, if we say, I am ready to accept your proposal, inasmuch as I believe it is the best you can offer, we mean, it is only with this understanding that we can accept it.
ØBec·caÏbun¶ga (?), n. [NL. (cf. It. beccabunga, G. bachbunge), fr. G. bach brook + bunge, OHG. bungo, bulb. See Beck a brook.] See Brooklime.
ØBec·caÏfi¶co (?), n.; pl. Beccaficos (?). [It., fr. beccare to peck + fico fig.] (Zo”l.) A small bird. (Silvia hortensis), which is highly prized by the Italians for the delicacy of its flesh in the autumn, when it has fed on figs, grapes, etc.
ØBach¶aÏmel (?), n. [F. b‚chamel, named from its inventor, Louis de B‚chamel.] (Cookery) A rich, white sauce, prepared with butter and cream.
BeÏchance¶ (?), adv. [Pref. beÏ for by + chance.] By chance; by accident. [Obs.]
Grafton.
BeÏchance¶, v. t. & i. To befall; to chance; to happen to.
God knows what hath bechanced them.
Shak.
BeÏcharm¶ (?), v. t. To charm; to captivate.
ØBˆche· de mer¶ (?). [F., lit., a sea spade.] (Zo”l.) The trepang.
Be¶chic (?), a. [L. bechicus, adj., for a cough, Gr. ?, fr. ? cough: cf. F. b‚chique.] (Med.) Pertaining to, or relieving, a cough. Thomas. Ð n. A medicine for relieving coughs.
Quincy.
Beck (?), n. See Beak. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Beck, n. [OE. bek, AS. becc; akin to Icel. bekkr brook, OHG. pah, G. bach.] A small brook.
The brooks, the becks, the rills.
Drayton.
Beck, n. A vat. See Back.
Beck, v. i. [imp. & p.p. Becked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Becking.] [Contr. of beckon.] To nod, or make a sign with the head or hand. [Archaic]
Drayton.
Beck, v. t. To notify or call by a nod, or a motion of the head or hand; to intimate a command to. [Archaic]
When gold and silver becks me to come on.
Shak.
Beck, n. A significant nod, or motion of the head or hand, esp. as a call or command.
They have troops of soldiers at their beck.
Shak.
Beck¶er (?), n. (Zo”l.) A European fish (Pagellus centrodontus); the sea bream or braise.
Beck¶et (?), n. [Cf. D. bek beak, and E. beak.]
1. (Naut.) A small grommet, or a ring or loop of rope ? metal for holding things in position, as spars, ropes, etc.; also a bracket, a pocket, or a handle made of rope.
2. A spade for digging turf. [Prov. Eng.]
Wright.
Beck¶on, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Beckoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Beckoning.] To make a significant sign to; hence, to summon, as by a motion of the hand.
His distant friends, he beckons near.
Dryden.
It beckons you to go away with it.
Shak.
Beck¶on, n. A sign made without words; a beck. ½At the first beckon.¸
Bolingbroke.
BeÏclap (?), v. t. [OE. biclappen.] To catch; to grasp; to insnare. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
BeÏclip¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Beclipped (?).] [AS. beclyppan; pref. be + clyppan to embrace.] To embrace; to surround. [Obs.]
Wyclif.
BeÏcloud¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Beclouded; p. pr. & vb. n. Beclouding.] To cause obscurity or dimness to; to dim; to cloud.
If thou becloud the sunshine of thine eye.
Quarles.
BeÏcome¶ (?), v. i. [imp. Became (?); p.p. Become; p. pr. & vb. n. Becoming.] [OE. bicumen, becumen, AS. becuman to come to, to happen; akin to D. bekomen, OHG.a piqu‰man, Goth. biquiman to come upon, G. bekommen to get, suit. See BeÏ, and Come.] 1. To pass from one state to another; to enter into some state or condition, by a change from another state, or by assuming or receiving new properties or qualities, additional matter, or a new character.
The Lord God … breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.
Gen. ii. 7.
That error now which is become my crime.
Milton.
2. To come; to get. [Obs.]
But, madam, where is Warwick then become!
Shak.
To become of, to be the present state or place of; to be the fate of; to be the end of; to be the final or subsequent condition of.
What is then become of so huge a multitude?
Sir W. Raleigh.
BeÏcome¶, v. t. To suit or be suitable to; to be con???ous with; to befit; to accord with, in character or circumstances; to be worthy of, or proper for; to cause to appear well; Ð said of persons and things.
It becomes me so to speak of so excellent a poet.
Dryden.
I have known persons so anxious to have their dress become them, as to convert it, at length, into their proper self, and thus actually to become the dress.
Coleridge.
BeÏcom¶ed (?), a. Proper; decorous. [Obs.]
And gave him what becomed love I might.
Shak.
BeÏcom¶ing, a. Appropriate or fit; congruous; suitable; graceful; befitting.
A low and becoming tone.
Thackeray.
Formerly sometimes followed by of.
Such discourses as are becoming of them.
Dryden.
Syn. Ð Seemly; comely; decorous; decent; proper.
BeÏcom¶ing, n. That which is becoming or appropriate. [Obs.]
BeÏcom¶ingÏly, adv. In a becoming manner.
BeÏcom¶ingÏness, n. The quality of being becoming, appropriate, or fit; congruity; fitness.
The becomingness of human nature.
Grew.
BeÏcrip¶ple (?), v. t. To make a cripple of; to cripple; to lame. [R.]
Dr. H. More.
ØBeÏcu¶na (?), n. [Sp.] (Zo”l.) A fish of the Mediterranean (Sphyr‘na spet.) See Barracuda.
BeÏcurl¶ (?), v. t. To curl; to adorn with curls.
Bed (?), n. [AS. bed, bedd; akin to OS. bed, D. bed, bedde, Icel. be?r, Dan. bed, Sw. b„dd, Goth. badi, OHG. betti, G. bett, bette, bed, beet a plat of ground; all of uncertain origin.] 1. An article of furniture to sleep or take rest in or on; a couch. Specifically: A sack or mattress, filled with some soft material, in distinction from the bedstead on which it is placed (as, a feather bed), or this with the bedclothes added. In a general sense, any thing or place used for sleeping or reclining on or in, as a quantity of hay, straw, leaves, or twigs.
And made for him Byron.
I wash, wring, brew, bake, … make the beds.
Shak.
In bed he slept not for my urging it.
Shak.
2. (Used as the symbol of matrimony) Marriage.
George, the eldest son of his second bed.
Clarendon.
3. A plat or level piece of ground in a garden, usually a little raised above the adjoining ground. ½Beds of hyacinth and roses.¸
Milton.
4. A mass or heap of anything arranged like a bed; as, a bed of ashes or coals.
5. The bottom of a watercourse, or of any body of water; as, the bed of a river.
So sinks the daystar in the ocean bed.
Milton.
6. (Geol.) A layer or seam, or a horizontal stratum between layers; as, a bed of coal, iron, etc.
7. (Gun.) See Gun carriage, and Mortar bed.
8. (Masonry) (a) The horizontal surface of a building stone; as, the upper and lower beds. (b) A course of stone or brick in a wall. (c) The place or material in which a block or brick is laid. (d) The lower surface of a brick, slate, or tile.
Knight.
9. (Mech.) The foundation or the more solid and fixed part or framing of a machine; or a part on which something is laid or supported; as, the bed of an engine.
10. The superficial earthwork, or ballast, of a railroad.
11. (Printing) The flat part of the press, on which the form is laid.
µ Bed is much used adjectively or in combination; as, bed key or bedkey; bed wrench or bedwrench; bedchamber; bedmaker, etc.
Bed of justice (French Hist.), the throne (F. lit bed) occupied by the king when sitting in one of his parliaments (judicial courts); hence, a session of a refractory parliament, at which the king was present for the purpose of causing his decrees to be registered. Ð To be brought to bed, to be delivered of a child; Ð often followed by of; as, to be brought to bed of a son. Ð To make a bed, to prepare a bed; to arrange or put in order a bed and its bedding. Ð From bed and board (Law), a phrase applied to a separation by partial divorce of man and wife, without dissolving the bonds of matrimony. If such a divorce (now commonly called a judicial separation) be granted at the instance of the wife, she may have alimony.
Bed, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedded; p. pr. & vb. n. Bedding.] 1. To place in a bed. [Obs.]
Bacon.
2. To make partaker of one's bed; to cohabit with.
I'll to the Tuscan wars, and never bed her.
Shak.
3. To furnish with a bed or bedding.
4. To plant or arrange in beds; to set, or cover, as in a bed of soft earth; as, to bed the roots of a plant in mold.
5. To lay or put in any hollow place, or place of rest and security, surrounded or inclosed; to embed; to furnish with or place upon a bed or foundation; as, to bed a stone; it was bedded on a rock.
Among all chains or clusters of mountains where large bodies of still water are bedded.
Wordsworth.
6. (Masonry) To dress or prepare the surface of stone) so as to serve as a bed.
7. To lay flat; to lay in order; to place in a horizontal or recumbent position. ½Bedded hair.¸
Shak.
Bed (?), v. i. To go to bed; to cohabit.
If he be married, and bed with his wife.
Wiseman.
BeÏdabÏble (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedabbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedabbling (?). To dabble; to sprinkle or wet.
Shak.
BeÏdaff¶ (?), v. t. To make a daff or fool of. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
ØBed¶aÏgat (?), n. The sacred books of the Buddhists in Burmah.
Malcom.
BeÏdag¶gle (?), v. t. To daggle.
BeÏdash¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedashing.] To wet by dashing or throwing water or other liquid upon; to bespatter. ½Trees bedashed with rain.¸
Shak.
BeÏdaub¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedaubed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedaubing.] To daub over; to besmear or soil with anything thick and dirty.
Bedaub foul designs with a fair varnish.
Barrow.
BeÏdaz¶zle (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedazzled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedazzling (?).] To dazzle or make dim by a strong light. ½Bedazzled with the sun.¸
Shak.
Bed¶bug· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A wingless, bloodsucking, hemipterous insect (Cimex Lectularius), sometimes infesting houses and especially beds. See Illustration in Appendix.
Bed¶chair· (?), n. A chair with adjustable back, for the sick, to support them while sitting up in bed.
Bed¶cham·ber (?), n. A chamber for a bed; an apartment form sleeping in.
Shak.
Lords of the bedchamber, eight officers of the royal household, all of noble families, who wait in turn a week each. [Eng.] Ð Ladies of the bedchamber, eight ladies, all titled, holding a similar official position in the royal household, during the reign of a queen. [Eng.]
Bed¶clothes· (?), n. pl. Blankets, sheets, coverlets, etc., for a bed.
Shak.
Bed¶cord· (?), n. A cord or rope interwoven in a bedstead so as to support the bed.
Bed¶ded (?), a. Provided with a bed; as, doublebedded room; placed or arranged in a bed or beds.
Bed¶ding (?), n. [AS. bedding, beding. See Bed.] 1. A bed and its furniture; the materials of a bed, whether for man or beast; bedclothes; litter.
2. (Geol.) The state or position of beds and layers.
Bede (?), v. t. [See Bid, v. t.] To pray; also, to offer; to proffer. [Obs.]
R. of Gloucester. Chaucer.
Bede, n. (Mining) A kind of pickax.
BeÏdeck¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedecked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedecking.] To deck, ornament, or adorn; to grace.
Bedecked with boughs, flowers, and garlands.
Pennant.
ØBed¶eÏguar, Bed¶eÏgar (?), n. [F., fr. Per. b¾dÐ¾ward, or b¾dÐ¾wardag, prop., a kind of white thorn or thistle.] A gall produced on rosebushes, esp. on the sweetbrier or eglantine, by a puncture from the ovipositor of a gallfly (Rhodites ros‘). It was once supposed to have medicinal properties.
Bede¶house· (?), n. Same as Beadhouse.
Be¶del, Be¶dell (?), n. Same as Beadle.
Be¶delÏry (?), n. Beadleship. [Obs.]
Blount.
ØBed¶en (?), n. (Zo”l.) The Abyssinian or Arabian ibex (Capra Nubiana). It is probably the wild goat of the Bible.
Bedes¶man (?), n. Same as Beadsman. [Obs.]
BeÏdev¶il (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedevilled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedeviling or Bedevilling.] 1. To throw into utter disorder and confusion, as if by the agency of evil spirits; to bring under diabolical influence; to torment.
Bedeviled and used worse than St. Bartholomew.
Sterne.
2. To spoil; to corrupt.
Wright.
BeÏdev¶ilÏment (?), n. The state of being bedeviled; bewildering confusion; vexatious trouble. [Colloq.]
BeÏdew¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedewing.] To moisten with dew, or as with dew. ½Falling tears his face bedew.¸
Dryden.
BeÏdew¶er (?), n. One who, or that which, bedews.
BeÏdew¶y (?), a. Moist with dew; dewy. [Obs.]
Night with her bedewy wings.
A. Brewer.
Bed¶fel·low (?), n. One who lies with another in the same bed; a person who shares one's couch.
Bed¶fere· Bed¶phere· } (?), n. [Bed + AS. fera a companion.] A bedfellow. [Obs.]
Chapman.
Bed¶gown· (?), n. A nightgown.
BeÏdight¶ (?), v. t. [ p. p. Bedight, Bedighted.] TO bedeck; to array or equip; to adorn. [Archaic]
Milton.
BeÏdim¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedimmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedimming.] To make dim; to obscure or darken.
Shak.
BeÏdiz¶en (?), v. t. To dress or adorn tawdrily or with false taste.
Remnants of tapestried hangings, … and shreds of pictures with which he had bedizened his tatters.
Sir W. Scott.
BeÏdiz¶enÏment (?), n. That which bedizens; the act of dressing, or the state of being dressed, tawdrily.
Bed¶key· (?), n. An instrument for tightening the parts of a bedstead.
Bed¶lam (?), n. [See Bethlehem.] 1. A place appropriated to the confinement and care of the insane; a madhouse.
Abp. Tillotson.
2. An insane person; a lunatic; a madman. [Obs.]
Let's get the bedlam to lead him.
Shak.
3. Any place where uproar and confusion prevail.
Bed¶lam, a. Belonging to, or fit for, a madhouse. ½The bedlam, brainsick duchess.¸
Shak.
Bed¶lamÏite (?), n. An inhabitant of a madhouse; a madman. ½Raving bedlamites.¸
Beattie.
Bed¶mak·er (?), n. One who makes beds.

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Bed¶Ðmold·ing Bed¶Ðmould·ing } (?), n. (Arch.) The molding of a cornice immediately below the corona.
Oxf. Gloss.
BeÏdote¶ (?), v. t. To cause to dote; to deceive. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Bed¶ouÏin (?), n. [F. b‚douin, OF. b‚duin, fr. Ar. bedawÆ rural, living in the desert, fr. badw desert, fr. bad¾ to live in the desert, to lead a nomadic life.] One of the nomadic Arabs who live in tents, and are scattered over Arabia, Syria, and northern Africa, esp. in the deserts. Ð Bed¶ouÏinÏism (?), n.
Bed¶ouÏin, a. Pertaining to the Bedouins; nomad.
Bed¶pan· (?), n. 1. A pan for warming beds.
Nares.
2. A shallow chamber vessel, so constructed that it can be used by a sick person in bed.
Bed¶phere· (?), n. See Bedfere. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Bed¶piece· (?), Bed¶plate· (?), } n. (Mach.) The foundation framing or piece, by which the other parts are supported and held in place; the bed; Ð called also baseplate and soleplate.
Bed¶post· (?), n. 1. One of the four standards that support a bedstead or the canopy over a bedstead.
2. Anciently, a post or pin on each side of the bed to keep the clothes from falling off. See Bedstaff.
Brewer.
Bed¶quilt· (?), n. A quilt for a bed; a coverlet.
BeÏdrab¶ble (?), v. t. To befoul with rain and mud; to drabble.
BeÏdrag¶gle (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedraggled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedraggling (?). To draggle; to soil, as garments which, in walking, are suffered to drag in dust, mud, etc.
Swift.
BeÏdrench¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedrenched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedrenching.] To drench; to saturate with moisture; to soak.
Shak.
BeÏdrib¶ble (?), v. t. To dribble upon.
Bed¶rid· (?), Bed¶rid·den (?), } a. [OE. bedrede, AS. bedreda, bedrida; from bed, bedd, a bed or couch + ridda a rider; cf. OHG. pettiriso, G. bettrise. See Bed, n., and Ride, v. i. ] Confined to the bed by sickness or infirmity. ½Her decrepit, sick, and bedrid father.¸ Shak. ½The estate of a bedridden old gentleman.¸ Macaulay.
Bed¶right· Bed¶rite· } (?), n. [Bed + right, rite.] The duty or privilege of the marriage bed.
Shak.
BeÏdriz¶zle (?), v. t. To drizzle upon.
Bed¶ rock¶ (?). (Mining) The solid rock underlying superficial formations. Also Fig.
Bed¶room (?), n. 1. A room or apartment intended or used for a bed; a lodging room.
2. Room in a bed. [In this sense preferably bed room.]
Then by your side no bed room me deny.
Shak.
BeÏdrop¶ (?), v. t. To sprinkle, as with drops.
The yellow carp, in scales bedropped with gold.
Pope.
BeÏdrug¶ (?), v. t. To drug abundantly or excessively.
Bed¶ screw· (?). 1. (Naut.) A form of jack screw for lifting large bodies, and assisting in launching.
2. A long screw formerly used to fasten a bedpost to one of the adjacent side pieces.
Bed¶side· (?), n. The side of a bed.
Bed¶site· (?), n. A recess in a room for a bed.
Of the three bedrooms, two have fireplaces, and all are of fair size, with windows and bedsite well placed.
Quart. Rev.
Bed¶sore· (?), n. (Med.) A sore on the back or hips caused by lying for a long time in bed.
Bed¶spread· (?), n. A bedquilt; a counterpane; a coverlet. [U. S.]
Bed¶staff· (?), n.; pl. Bedstaves (?). ½A wooden pin stuck anciently on the sides of the bedstead, to hold the clothes from slipping on either side.¸
Johnson.
Hostess, accommodate us with a bedstaff.
B. Jonson.
Say there is no virtue in cudgels and bedstaves.
Brome.
Bed¶stead (?), n. [Bed + stead a frame.] A framework for supporting a bed.
Bed¶ steps· (?). Steps for mounting a bed of unusual height.
Bed¶stock (?), n. The front or the back part of the frame of a bedstead. [Obs. or Dial. Eng.]
Bed¶straw· (?), n. 1. Straw put into a bed.
Bacon.
2. (Bot.) A genus of slender herbs, usually with square stems, whorled leaves, and small white flowers.
Our Lady's bedstraw, which has yellow flowers, is Galium verum. Ð White bedstraw is G. mollugo.
Bed¶swerv·er (?), n. One who swerves from and is unfaithful to the marriage vow. [Poetic]
Shak.
Bed¶tick· (?), n. A tick or bag made of cloth, used for inclosing the materials of a bed.
Bed¶time· (?), n. The time to go to bed.
Shak.
BeÏduck¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Beducked (?).] To duck; to put the head under water; to immerse. ½Deep himself beducked.¸
Spenser.
Bed¶uin (?), n. See Bedouin.
BeÏdung¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedunged (?).] To cover with dung, as for manuring; to bedaub or defile, literally or figuratively.
Bp. Hall.
BeÏdust¶ (?), v. t. To sprinkle, soil, or cover with dust.
Sherwood.
Bed¶ward (?), adv. Towards bed.
BeÏdwarf¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedwarfed (?).] To make a dwarf of; to stunt or hinder the growth of; to dwarf.
Donne.
BeÏdye¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bedyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedyeing.] To dye or stain.
Briton fields with Sarazin blood bedyed.
Spenser.
Bee (?), p. p. of Be; Ð used for been. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Bee (?), n. [AS. be¢; akin to D. bij and bije, Icel. b?, Sw. & Dan. bi, OHG. pini, G. biene, and perh. Ir. beach, Lith. bitis, Skr. bha. ?97.] 1. (Zo”l.) An insect of the order Hymenoptera, and family Apid‘ (the honeybees), or family Andrenid‘ (the solitary bees.) See Honeybee.
µ There are many genera and species. The common honeybee (Apis mellifica) lives in swarms, each of which has its own queen, its males or drones, and its very numerous workers, which are barren females. Besides the A. mellifica there are other species and varieties of honeybees, as the A. ligustica of Spain and Italy; the A. Indica of India; the A. fasciata of Egypt. The bumblebee is a species of Bombus. The tropical honeybees belong mostly to Melipoma and Trigona.
2. A neighborly gathering of people who engage in united labor for the benefit of an individual or family; as, a quilting bee; a husking bee; a raising bee. [U. S.]
The cellar … was dug by a bee in a single day.
S. G. Goodrich.
3. pl. [Prob. fr. AS. be h ring, fr. b?gan to bend. See 1st Bow.] (Naut.) Pieces of hard wood bolted to the sides of the bowsprit, to reeve the foreÏtopmast stays through; Ð called also bee blocks.
Bee beetle (Zo”l.), a beetle (Trichodes apiarius) parasitic in beehives. Ð Bee bird (Zo”l.), a bird that eats the honeybee, as the European flycatcher, and the American kingbird. Ð Bee flower (Bot.), an orchidaceous plant of the genus Ophrys (O. apifera), whose flowers have some resemblance to bees, flies, and other insects. Ð Bee fly (Zo”l.), a two winged fly of the family Bombyliid‘. Some species, in the larval state, are parasitic upon bees. Ð Bee garden, a garden or inclosure to set beehives in ; an apiary. Mortimer. Ð Bee glue, a soft, unctuous matter, with which bees cement the combs to the hives, and close up the cells; Ð called also propolis. Ð Bee hawk (Zo”l.), the honey buzzard. Ð Bee killer (Zo”l.), a large twoÐwinged fly of the family Asilid‘ (esp. Trupanea apivora) which feeds upon the honeybee. See Robber fly. Ð Bee louse (Zo”l.), a minute, wingless, dipterous insect (Braula c‘ca) parasitic on hive bees. Ð Bee martin (Zo”l.), the kingbird (Tyrannus Carolinensis) which occasionally feeds on bees. Ð Bee moth (Zo”l.), a moth (Galleria cereana) whose larv‘ feed on honeycomb, occasioning great damage in beehives. Ð Bee wolf (Zo”l.), the larva of the bee beetle. See Illust. of Bee beetle. Ð To have a bee in the head or in the bonnet. (a) To be choleric. [Obs.] (b) To be restless or uneasy. B. Jonson. (c) To be full of fancies; to be a little crazy. ½She's whiles crackÐbrained, and has a bee in her head.¸ Sir W. Scott.
Bee¶bread· (?), n. A brown, bitter substance found in some of the cells of honeycomb. It is made chiefly from the pollen of flowers, which is collected by bees as food for their young.
Beech (?), n.; pl. Beeches (?). [OE. beche, AS. b?ce; akin to D. beuk, OHG. buocha, G. buche, Icel. beyki, Dan. b”g, Sw. bok, Russ. buk, L. fagus, Gr. ? oak, ? to eat, Skr. bhaksh; the tree being named originally from the esculent fruit. See Book, and cf. 7th Buck, Buckwheat.] (Bot.) A tree of the genus Fagus.
µ It grows to a large size, having a smooth bark and thick foliage, and bears an edible triangular nut, of which swine are fond. The Fagus sylvatica is the European species, and the F. ferruginea that of America.
Beech drops (Bot.), a parasitic plant which grows on the roots of beeches (Epiphegus Americana).Ð Beech marten (Zo”l.), the stone marten of Europe (Mustela foina). Ð Beech mast, the nuts of the beech, esp. as they lie under the trees, in autumn. Ð Beech oil, oil expressed from the mast or nuts of the beech tree. Ð Cooper beech, a variety of the European beech with copperÐcolored, shining leaves.
Beech¶en (?), a. [AS. b?cen.] Consisting, or made, of the wood or bark of the beech; belonging to the beech. ½Plain beechen vessels.¸
Dryden.
Beech¶nut· (?), n. The nut of the beech tree.
Beech¶ tree· (?). The beech.
Beech¶y (?), a. Of or relating to beeches.
Bee¶Ðeat·er (?), n. (Zo”l.) (a) A bird of the genus Merops, that feeds on bees. The European species (M. apiaster) is remarkable for its brilliant colors. (b) An African bird of the genus Rhinopomastes.
Beef (?), n. [OE. boef, befe, beef, OF. boef, buef, F. b?ef, fr. L. bos, bovis, ox; akin to Gr. ?, Skr. g? cow, and E. cow. See 2d Cow.] 1. An animal of the genus Bos, especially the common species, B. taurus, including the bull, cow, and ox, in their full grown state; esp., an ox or cow fattened for food. [In this, which is the original sense, the word has a plural, beeves (?).]
A herd of beeves, fair oxen and fair kine.
Milton.
2. The flesh of an ox, or cow, or of any adult bovine animal, when slaughtered for food. [In this sense, the word has no plural.] ½Great meals of beef.¸
Shak.
3. Applied colloquially to human flesh.
Beef (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, beef.
Beef tea, essence of beef, or strong beef broth.
Beef¶eat·er (?), n. [Beef + eater; prob. one who eats another's beef, as his servant. Cf. AS. hl¾f?ta servant, properly a loaf eater.] 1. One who eats beef; hence, a large, fleshy person.
2. One of the yeomen of the guard, in England.
3. (Zo”l.) An African bird of the genus Buphaga, which feeds on the larv‘ of botflies hatched under the skin of oxen, antelopes, etc. Two species are known.
Beef¶steak· (?), n. A steak of beef; a slice of beef broiled or suitable for broiling.
Beef¶Ðwit·ted (?), n. Stupid; dull.
Shak.
Beef¶wood· (?), n. An Australian tree (Casuarina), and its red wood, used for cabinetwork; also, the trees Stenocarpus salignus of New South Wales, and Banksia compar of Queensland.
Beef¶y, a. Having much beef; of the nature of beef; resembling beef; fleshy.
Bee¶hive· (?), n. A hive for a swarm of bees. Also used figuratively.
µ A common and typical form of beehive was a domeshaped inverted basket, whence certain ancient Irish and Scotch architectural remains are called beehive houses.
Bee¶house· (?), n. A house for bees; an apiary.
Bee¶ lark·spur (?). (Bot.) See Larkspur.
Beeld (?), n. Same as Beild.
Fairfax.
Bee¶ line· (?). The shortest line from one place to another, like that of a bee to its hive when loaded with honey; an air line. ½A bee line for the brig.¸
Kane.
BeÏel¶zeÏbub (?), n. The title of a heathen deity to whom the Jews ascribed the sovereignty of the evil spirits; hence, the Devil or a devil. See Baal.
Beem (?), n. [AS. b?me, b?me.] A trumpet. [Obs.]
Bee¶mas·ter (?), n. One who keeps bees.
Been (?). [OE. beon, ben, bin, p. p. of been, beon, to be. See Be.] The past participle of Be. In old authors it is also the pr. tense plural of Be. See 1st Bee.
Assembled been a senate grave and stout.
Fairfax.
Beer (?), n. [OE. beor, ber, AS. be¢r; akin to Fries. biar, Icel. bj?rr, OHG. bior, D. & G. bier, and possibly E. brew. ?93, See Brew.] 1. A fermented liquor made from any malted grain, but commonly from barley malt, with hops or some other substance to impart a bitter flavor.
µ Beer has different names, as small beer, ale, porter, brown stout, lager beer, according to its strength, or other qualities. See Ale.
2. A fermented extract of the roots and other parts of various plants, as spruce, ginger, sassafras, etc.
Small beer, weak beer; (fig.) insignificant matters. ½To suckle fools, and chronicle small beer.¸
Shak.
Beer¶eÏgar (?), n. [Beer + eager.] Sour beer. [Obs.]
Beer¶house· (?), n. A house where malt liquors are sold; an alehouse.
Beer¶iÏness (?), n. Beery condition.
Beer¶y (?), a. Of or resembling beer; affected by beer; maudlin.
Beest¶ings (?), n. Same as Biestings.
Bees¶wax· (?), n. The wax secreted by bees, and of which their cells are constructed.
Bees¶wing· (?), n. The second crust formed in port and some other wines after long keeping. It consists of pure, shining scales of tartar, supposed to resemble the wing of a bee.
Beet (?), n. [AS. bete, from L. beta.] 1. (Bot.) A biennial plant of the genus Beta, which produces an edible root the first year and seed the second year.
2. The root of plants of the genus Beta, different species and varieties of which are used for the table, for feeding stock, or in making sugar.
µ There are many varieties of the common beet (Beta vulgaris). The Old ½white beet¸, cultivated for its edible leafstalks, is a distinct species (Beta Cicla).
Beete, Bete (?), v. t. [AS. b?tan to mend. See Better.] 1. To mend; to repair. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. To renew or enkindle (a fire). [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Bee¶tle (?), n. [OE. betel, AS. bÆtl, b?tl, mallet, hammer, fr. be tan to beat. See Beat, v. t.] 1. A heavy mallet, used to drive wedges, beat pavements, etc.
2. A machine in which fabrics are subjected to a hammering process while passing over rollers, as in cotton mills; Ð called also beetling machine.
Knight.

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