The entire work of building up the embryo body is done by making new chemical combinations and new mechanical arrangements of the atoms and cells of which it is composed.
Referring to the residue of the dry bone, which remains after calcining it (burning away the soft parts of it), Professor Martin says:
“The residue forms a white, very brittle mass, retaining, perfectly the shape and structural details of the original bone. It consists of normal calcium (lime) phosphate or bone-earth (CA₃, 2PO₄); but there is also present a considerable proportion of calcium [lime] carbonate (CaCO₃) and smaller quantities of other salts.” (Martin, Human Body, p. 90.)
Under the head: “The Chemistry of Muscular Tissue,” he says:
“Muscle contains 75 per cent of water; and among other inorganic constituents, phosphates and chlorides of potassium, sodium and magnesium.” (Human Body, p. 123.)
According to this statement there is no lime in the muscles; and we cannot believe there is any of this substance in any tissue of the body except the bones; for every other tissue is soft and flexible. It is clear that the purpose of putting lime into the bones, is to make them rigid and stable in order to support the body and keep all its organs and parts in place.
What force or agency assembles the atoms of lime, phosphorus, carbon and oxygen, and combines them into the phosphate of lime, and the carbonate of lime, to make the bones rigid and stable? Surely, it is not the father, nor the mother, nor the embryo itself. It would be preposterous to suppose that the atoms of lime, phosphorus, carbon and oxygen, of their own motion, and automatically, assemble and combine themselves, chemically, in such proportions as to form the phosphate of lime, and the carbonate of lime in the bones; and that these atoms of the phosphate and carbonate of lime group themselves, automatically, into such mechanical arrangements as to form the bones with all their processes, joints, cavities, perforations, etc., and fit them together in the form of the skeleton.
The formation of bones in the body of a single animal, might, possibly happen by accident or chance. But when bones are formed in the bodies of all animals of the same species for thousands, or millions, of years and when all of them, in the bodies of each species, have the same chemical composition, the same structure, form and size; we are compelled to assume that the same cause, force or agency, which produces bones in each body, also produces them in every other body; in brief that all bones are made by the same supernatural psychic and creative force. The same is true of every other tissue.
But the evolutionist says that “heredity” works this miracle. In other words, that this metamorphosis of simple-cells into bones, muscles, nerves, etc., happens because certain similar cells in the bodies of the father and mother were changed in the same manner. He overlooks the fact that the cells, bones, etc., in the embryo body are new and altogether different from those which were metamorphosed in the bodies of its parents and that the forces which did that work were exhausted in doing it. He forgets or ignores the fact that neither the germ-cell nor any of its daughter-cells has any intellect, memory, will-power or creative force; that they have no knowledge of chemistry, nor of lime, phosphorus, carbon, oxygen, nor of their affinities; nor of bones; nor of their forms, sizes and functions.
The differentiation and specialization (metamorphosis) of cells and tissues; and their mechanical arrangement and grouping into the several organs and parts of the embryo body are not the work of blind mechanical forces; nor of chance; nor of accident; nor of unthinking cells; but of the Almighty Creator.