[30] Harman's Caueat (E. E. T. S., Extra Series, No. ix.).
[31] Liber Vagatorum. Luther thought that begging ought to be prohibited altogether and the poor provided for by the inhabitants or from ecclesiastical revenues. See his manifesto "To the Christian nobility of the German nation," 1520, and the "Regulation of a Common Chest" quoted by Ashley, Economic History, II. p. 342.
[32] Preface to Harman's Caueat, E. E. T. S., p. 1.
[33] More's Utopia, p. 36, Pitt Press ed. "Yet Fraunce ... is troubled and infected with a much sorer plage. The whole royalme is fylled and besieged with hiered souldiers in peace tyme."
[34] Tales of a Grandfather, last chapter, Sir W. Scott.
[35] Utopia, p. 30, "They that be thus destitute of service, either starve for honger or manfullye playe the thieves."
[36] Between 1511 and 1550 provisions seem to have risen about 60 p.c. in price, and there is a further rise in the next ten years of another fifty p.c.
| Wheat the quarter. | Barley. | Oxen. | Hens. | Herrings. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s. | d. | s. | d. | s. | d. | d. | s. | d. | |
| 1511-1520 | 6 | 8¾ | 4 | 0¼ | 23 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 0¾ |
| 1521-1530 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 9 | 30 | 10¼ | 3½ | 6 | 7¼ |
| 1531-1540 | 7 | 8½ | 4 | 11¾ | 28 | 7½ | 3¼ | 6 | 8 |
| 1541-1550 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 2¼ | 42 | 3¼ | 5¾ | 10 | 3 |
| 1551-1560 | 15 | 3¾ | 10 | 0¼ | 78 | 7½ | 4¾ | 11 | 0½ |
The rise in wages was barely 15 p.c. before 1550, though during the next ten years there is a rise of 30 p.c., so that the rise in wages is less than half that in the price of provisions.
| Carpenter, average. | Mason. | Mason's labourer. | Sawyers, pair. | Tiler. | Thatcher. | Man. | Plumber. | Unskilled labour. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| d. | d. | d. | s. | d. | d. | d. | d. | d. | d. | |
| 1511-1520 | 6¼ | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 5¼ | 4 | 6 | 3¾ |
| 1521-1530 | 6 | 6¼ | 4¼ | 1 | 0½ | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6½ | 4⅛ |
| 1531-1540 | 7 | 6¾ | 4¼ | 1 | 0½ | 6½ | 7 | 4½ | 7 | 4 |
| 1541-1550 | 7 | 6¾ | 4¾ | 1 | 1½ | 7½ | 6½ | 4½ | 7½ | 4⅝ |
| 1551-1560 | 10¾ | 10 | 6¾ | 1 | 5 | 9¼ | — | 6¼ | 8½ | 6 |