προσαγόρευσις. [260] 22. Address. Lat. allocutio, compellatio.
προσερανίζειν. [116] 4. To augment. Lat. cumulare. The period in question has been aided (so to say) by the alms of expletives. For the metaphor cp. συνερανιζόμενα de Isocr. c. 3 and ἔρανον de Imitat. B. vi. 2.
προσερείδειν. [148] 22. To drive against. Lat. impingere, allidere. In [220] 24 προσανίστασθαι is similarly used of ‘rising against.’
προσεχής. [84] 6. Obvious, natural, allied, appropriate. Lat. proximus, cognatus (cum re coniunctus). In [258] 24 the sense is ‘adjoining.’
προσηγορικός. [70] 17, [102] 17, 18, [218] 6, 11, [220] 7, 16, [222] 24, [230] 1. Appellative. Lat. appellativus. ὄνομα προσηγορικόν = common noun, Lat. nomen appellativum. It would appear from Dionysius Thrax (Ars Grammatica p. 23 Uhlig) that ὄνομα might include προσηγορία (= ὄνομα προσηγορικόν), while προσηγορία could cover participles (μετοχαί) and adjectives (ἐπίθετα) as well as common nouns. But the strict division is that of proper names and general terms, as given by Dionysius Thrax (ibid. pp. 33, 34): κύριον μὲν οὖν ἐστι τὸ τὴν ἰδίαν οὐσίαν, σημαῖνον, οἷον Ὅμηρος, Σωκράτης. προσηγορικὸν δέ ἐστι τὸ τὴν κοινὴν οὐσίαν σημαῖνον, οἷον ἄνθρωπος, ἵππος. In such passages as [222] 24 and [230] 1 ‘adjective’ would be an appropriate modern rendering. Quintil. i. 4. 21 “vocabulum an appellatio dicenda sit προσηγορία et subicienda nomini necne, quia parvi refert, liberum opinaturis relinquo.” In [272] 25 προσηγορία = appellation.
προσίστασθαι. [132] 8. To offend. Lat. obstrepere. Cp. de Isocr. c. 2 προσιστάμενος ταῖς ἀκοαῖς, c. 14 ibid. τῷ γὰρ μὴ ἐν καιρῷ γίνεσθαι, μηδ’ ἐν ὥρᾳ, προσίστασθαί φημι ταῖς ἀκοαῖς, Antiqq. Rom. i. 8 μονοειδεῖς γὰρ ἐκεῖναί τε καὶ ταχὺ προσιστάμεναι (= cito offendunt) τοῖς ἀκούουσιν.
προσκατασκευάζειν. [110] 14 (v.l. προκατασκευάζειν). To model further, remodel. Lat. insuper instruere.
προσοδιακός. [86] 3. Processional: see n. ad loc.
προσῳδία. [128] 12, [196] 17, [268] 20. Accent. Lat. accentus. The word is defined in [196] 17 τάσεις φωνῆς αἱ καλούμεναι προσῳδίαι. See further s.v. τόνος p. [329] infra, and compare Bywater Aristotle on the Art of Poetry p. 336 “προσῳδία with Aristotle comprises accent, breathing, and quantity—all the elements in the spoken word which in the ancient mode of writing were left to be supplied by the reader.” The symbols used in accentuation are supposed to have been introduced by Aristophanes of Byzantium, if not by some still earlier scholar, in order to recall to Greeks and teach foreign learners the true intonation of the language, which was in danger of being corrupted and forgotten when the Greek world grew vast and came to include so many foreign elements.