1. Coureurs-de-bois.
2. Scottish traders—ranged from Michilimackinac to Saskatchewan. H.B. Co. built Cumberland House on Saskatchewan to compete for interior trade.
3. North-West Company, 1783-4—at first friendly to H.B. Co., but later bitter enemies.
IV. The Selkirk Settlement:
1. Establishment.—Lord Selkirk, a Scottish philanthropist, and a shareholder in the Hudson's Bay Co., purchased from the Company 70,000 square miles of land around Red River for Scotch colonies, 1811. About three hundred settlers came within three years. Miles Macdonell at head of the colony.
2. Trouble with North-West Company.—
(a) Suspicion of N.W. Co. that colony was established by H.B. Co. to compete for fur trade.
(b) Proclamation of Macdonell that food should not be taken out of settlement. Attack on colony by Metis Indians encouraged by N.W. Co. Withdrawal of colonists to Lake Winnipeg.
(c) Return with reinforcements under Semple. Skirmish at Seven Oaks, 1816. Semple with twenty others killed.
(d) Selkirk's descent upon Fort William. Arrest of several Nor'Westers. Colony at Red River restored.