Transcriber's Note: Figure 11 and Figure 12 are identical.
Footnotes
[ [1] Flame flickers.
[ [2] Clegg's "Treatise on Coal Gas," 1841, p. 21.
[ [3] The behaviour of gas flames when exposed to the action of the wind (as exemplified in the naked lights of open markets and similar situations) affords an instructive illustration of the theory of luminous combustion. A sudden gust causes the flame to smoke, by reducing the temperature of the liberated carbon below the point at which it can combine with the oxygen of the air. A continuous wind blowing upon the flame destroys its luminosity altogether, because the heat-intensity of the flame is lowered below the temperature necessary to decompose the hydrocarbons; consequently, these latter burn without the preliminary separation of carbon, and a non-luminous flame is produced—exactly as in the Bunsen or "atmospheric" burner.
[ [4] See Journal of Gas Lighting, Vol. XVIII., p. 88.
[ [5] Flame flickers.
[ [6] Do.
[ [7] Flame flickers a great deal.