[Bolivia] (1,500), an inland republic of S. America, occupying lofty tablelands E. of the Andes, and surrounded by Peru, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, and Chili. The S. is chiefly desert; in the N. are Lake Titicaca and many well-watered valleys. The very varied heights afford all kinds of vegetation, from wheat and maize to tropical fruits. In the lower plains coffee, tobacco, cotton, and cinchona are cultivated. The most important industry is mining: gold, silver, copper, and tin. Trade is hampered by want of navigable rivers, but helped by railways from Chili, Peru, and Argentina. Silver is the chief export; manufactured goods are imported. The country has been independent since 1825; it lost its sea provinces in the war with Chili, 1879-83. The capital is Sucre (12), but La Pay (45) and Cochabamba (14) are larger towns.
[Bolland, John], a Jesuit of Antwerp, born in Belgium; compiled five vols. of the Lives of the Saints called "Acta Sanctorum," which was continued by others, called after him "Bollandists."
[Bollandists], a succession of Jesuits who produced the Lives of the Saints, now extended to sixty vols.
[Bologna] (147), an ancient walled city of Italy, on a fertile plain, at the foot of the Lower Apennines, 83 m. N. of Florence; has many fine buildings, a university, one of the oldest in Europe, schools of music and art, libraries, and art collections. There are some silk and other industries, and considerable trade.
[Bologna, John Of], one of the most celebrated sculptors of art in his time, born at Douai, settled at Florence (1524-1608).
[Bolor-Tagh], a high tableland in Central Asia, stretching from the Hindu Kush mountains northwards to the Tian Shan.
[Bolse`na], a small town in Italy, on the E. shore of Lake Bolsena.
[Bolsena], a lake with clear water in a hollow crater of a volcano, and abounding with fish, but with an unwholesome atmosphere.
[Bolton] (115), manufacturing town of Lancashire.