[Cagliostro, Count Alessandro di], assumed name of an arch-impostor, his real name being Giuseppe Balsamo, born in Palermo, of poor parents; early acquired a smattering of chemistry and medicine, by means of which he perpetrated the most audacious frauds, which, when detected in one place were repeated with even more brazen effrontery in another; married a pretty woman named Lorenza Feliciani, who became an accomplice; professed supernatural powers, and wrung large sums from his dupes wherever they went, after which they absconded to Paris and lived in extravagance; here he was thrown into the Bastille for complicity in the [Diamond Necklace affair] (q. v.); on his wife turning informer, he was consigned to the tender mercies of the Inquisition, and committed to the fortress of San Leone, where he died at 52, his wife having retired into a convent (1743-1795). See [Carlyle's "Miscellanies"] for an account of his character and career.
[Cagnola, Luigi, Marquis of], Italian architect, born at Milan; his greatest work, the "Arco della Pace," of white marble, in his native city, the execution of which occupied him over 30 years (1762-1833).
[Cagots], a race in the SW. of France of uncertain origin; treated as outcasts in the Middle Ages, owing, it has been supposed, to some taint of leprosy, from which, it is argued, they were by their manner of life in course of time freed.
[Cahors] (13), a town in the dep. of Lot, in the S. of France, 71 m. N. of Toulouse, with interesting Roman and other relics of antiquity.
[Caiaphas], the High-Priest of the Jews who condemned Christ to death as a violator of the law of Moses.
[Caiapos], a wild savage race in the woods of Brazil, hard to persuade to reconcile themselves to a settled life.
[Caicos], a group of small islands connected with the Bahamas, but annexed to Jamaica since 1874.
[Caille, Louis de la], astronomer, studied at the Cape of Good Hope, registered stars of the Southern Hemisphere, numbering 9000, before unknown; calculated the table of eclipses for 1800 years (1713-1762).
[Caillet], a chief of the Jacquerie, a peasant insurrection in France in 1358, taken prisoner and tortured to death.
[Cailliaud], French mineralogist, born in Nantes, travelled in Egypt, Nubia, and Ethiopia, collecting minerals and making observations (1787-1869).