[Çiva], or Siva, the third member of the Hindu Trinity, the destroyer of what Vishnu is the preserver and Brahma is the creator, is properly Brahma undoing what he has made with a view to reincarnation.
[Civil Law], a system of laws for the regulation of civilised communities formed on Roman laws, digested in the pandects of Justinian.
[Civil List], the yearly sum granted by the Parliament of England at the commencement of each reign for the support of the royal household, and to maintain the dignity of the Crown: it amounts now to £385,000.
[Civil Service], the paid service done to the State, exclusive of that of the army and navy.
[Civilis, Claudius], a Batavian chief who revolted against Vespasian, but on defeat was able to conclude an honourable peace.
[Civita Vecchia] (11), a fortified port on the W. coast of Italy, 40 m. NW. of Rome, with a good harbour, founded by Trajan; exports wheat, alum, cheese, &c.
[Clackmannanshire] (28), the smallest county in Scotland, lies between the Ochils and the Forth; rich in minerals, especially coal.
[Clair, St.], a lake 30 m. long by 12 broad, connecting Lake Erie with Lake Huron.
[Clairaut, Alexis Claude], a French mathematician and astronomer, born at Paris, of so precocious a genius, that he was admitted to the Academy of Sciences at the age of 18; published a theory of the figure of the earth, and computed the orbit of Halley's comet (1713-1765).
[Clairvaux], a village of France, on the Aube, where St. Bernard founded a Cistercian monastery in 1115, and where he lived and was buried; now used as a prison or reformatory.