[Cumæ], a considerable maritime city of Campania, now in ruins; alleged to be the earliest Greek settlement in Italy; famous as the residence of the [Sibyl] (q. v.), and a place of luxurious resort for wealthy Romans.
[Cumberland] (250), a county in N. of England, of mountain and dale, with good agricultural and pasture land, and a rich coal-field on the coast, as well as other minerals in the interior.
[Cumberland, Dr. Richard], bishop of Peterborough, born in London, educated at Cambridge, wrote several works, the chief "An Inquiry into the Laws of Nature," in reply to Hobbes, in which he elevates the tendency to produce happiness into something like a moral principle; wrought hard, lived to a great age, and is credited with the saying, "Better wear out than rust out" (1631-1718).
[Cumberland, Richard], dramatist, great-grandson of the preceding; was a prolific writer for the stage; the play "The West Indian," which established his reputation, was his best (1732-1811).
[Cumberland, William Augustus, Duke of], second son of George II., was defeated at Fontenoy by the French in 1745; defeated the Pretender next year at Culloden; earned the title of "The Butcher" by his cruelties afterwards; was beaten in all his battles except this one (1721-1765).
[Cumbria], a country of the Northern Britons which, in the 6th century, extended from the Clyde to the Dee, in Cheshire.
[Cumming, Gordon], the African lion-hunter, of Celtic origin; served for a time in the army; wrote an account of his hunting exploits in his "Five Years of a Hunter's Life" (1820-1866).
[Cumming, John], a Scotch clergyman, popular in London, born at Fintray, in Aberdeenshire; of a highly combative turn, and rather foolhardy in his interpretations of prophecy (1807-1881).
[Cunard, Sir Samuel], founder of Cunard Line of Steamships, born in Halifax, Nova Scotia (1787-1865).
[Cunaxa], a town in Babylonia, on the Euphrates, 60 m. N. of Babylon.