[Jumpers], name of a certain religious sect in America, from the dancing associated with its services.
[June], the sixth month of the year, so named from the Roman gens or clan Junius, or perhaps from Juno.
[Jung Stilling], a German mystic, born in Nassau; first a tailor, then a schoolmaster; went to Strasburg, became intimate with Goethe, studied medicine there, and afterwards practised in Elberfeld; became professor of Political Economy at Marburg and in Heidelberg; is best known by his autobiography: Kant and Lavater were friends of his (1740-1817).
[Jungfrau] (Maiden), a peak of the Bernese Alps, 13,671 ft. in height; was first ascended by the brothers Meyer in 1811.
[Junius, Letters of], seventy letters on public affairs which appeared under that signature in the Public Advertiser 1769 to 1772, and were with others reprinted in book form; were, though severe in tone, the prototype of the modern leading article. Their authorship has never been discovered; but some hold that evidence points to Sir Philip Francis as responsible for them.
[Junk], a Chinese boat with a flat bottom, a square prow, a high stern, and a pole for mast.
[Junker], a name given in Germany to the younger members of the aristocracy, or of the landed gentry, as representing a reactionary party in modern politics.
[Juno], a Roman goddess, the wife of Jupiter, and the queen of heaven, corresponding to the [Hera] (q. v.) of the Greeks; the impersonation of womanhood, and the special protectress of the rights of women, especially married women, and bore the names of Virginalis and Matrona. She was the patroness of household and even state economy. See [Zeus].
[Junot, Andoche, Duc d'Abrantes], French general; was Napoleon's aide-de-camp in his first Campaign in Italy; took part in the expedition to Egypt; distinguished himself in the invasion of Portugal, but soon experienced reverse after reverse; in a fit of madness he threw himself one day out of a window, and died from the effect (1771-1813).
[Junto], the name given to a Whig faction in the reign of William III., that for 20 years exercised a great influence in the affairs of the nation, of which Russell, Lord-Keeper Somers, and Charles Montague were the leading members.