[652] Lecky, History of European Morals, 3d ed., vol. ii, pp. 86 ff.
[653] The Moral Ideal, 3d ed., p. 369.
[654] See above, p. 245.
[655] “The suppression of all religions but one by Theodosius, the murder of Hypatia by the monks of Cyril, and the closing by Justinian of the schools of Athens, are the three events which mark the decisive overthrow of intellectual freedom.”—Lecky, History of European Morals, 3d ed., vol. i, p. 428.
[656] See above, p. 6.
[657] Physics and Politics (1873), pp. 70 f.
[658] “One may find ... the chief characteristic of the period of the migrations in a complete uprooting of public morality, a universal overturning of inherited conceptions of right and wrong.”—Francke, Social Forces in German Literature, 2d ed., p. 12.
[659] Parliament of Religions (1893), vol. i, pp. 574 f.; consult also Bryce, Studies in History and Jurisprudence (1901), vol. ii, p. 237.
[660] Qur’ân, tr. Palmer (Sacred Books of the East, vols. vi, ix), suras ii. 184–189, 212–215; iv. 90; viii. 40; ix. 5–14, 29; xlvii. 4, and many others.
[661] Ibid. suras ii. 149; iii. 151; ix. 113.