[711] In many lives of this period there was a combination of the ideal of the courtier and that of the monk. There is a fine portrayal of such a character in Shorthouse’s John Inglesant.
[712] See above, p. 276.
[713] The best authority on this subject is Lea, Superstition and Force, 4th ed., pp. 101–247.
[714] See above, p. 304.
[715] The last judicial duel in England was fought in 1492, but the practice was not abrogated in Russia till 1649.
[716] Ralph Barton Perry, The Moral Economy (1909), p. 34. And so Thomas Cuming Hall: “The glory of Protestant ethics as founded by Luther and developed by Kant is the autonomous, democratic, unpriestly character stamped upon it” (History of Ethics within Organized Christianity (1910), p. 527).
[717] Culture and Anarchy (1875), p. 145.
[718] History of European Morals, 3d ed., vol. ii, p. 370.
[719] See below, p. 362.
[720] On this subject see Andrew D. White, Seven Great Statesmen (1910), chapter on Thomasius.