All this is remembered to St. Ultan down to the present day; for he is often mentioned in old Irish histories, almost always with a remark something like this:—“Little children are always playing round Ultan of Ardbraccan.”

It would be difficult to find an instance where charity is presented in greater beauty and tenderness than it is in this simple story of the good bishop Ultan.

INDEX.

Adam and Eve, [83].
Adze, [136].
Aenach, a fair, [chap. xxi.]
Aghaboe, in Queen’s County, [49].
Agriculture, [35], [chap. xvii.]
Agricultural implements, [130].
Aidan, St., [52], [53].
Ailech, palace in Donegal, [7].
Ailell Inbanna, king of Connaught, [166].
Aillenn, palace of, [8].
Ainnle, son of Usna, [77].
Airmeda, daughter of Dianket, [98], [99].
Alban, Scotland, [11], [165].
Albinus, and Clement, [58], [59], [60].
Ale, [115].
Alloys, [132].
Alum, [140].
American Universities, [44], [45].
Anglo-Normans, [10], [15], [64].
Anglo-Saxons, [52].
Angus Mac-an-oge, [28].
Animals belonging to farm, [130].
Annals, the Irish, [chap. ix.]
Annals of the Four Masters, [73].
Antrim, [12].
Anvil, the smith’s, [134].
Apprenticeship, [138].
Architects, [131].
Ardagh Chalice, [97].
Ardan, son of Usna, [77].
Ardbraccan in Meath, [168].
Ard-ri, the over-king of Ireland, [1].
Aristocracy, marks of, [121].
Armagh, [42].
Army doctors, [99], [100].
Art, [chap. xii.]
Art the Solitary, king of Ireland, [23].
Artificers: see [Handicrafts] and [Art].
Assemblies, Sports, and Pastimes, [chap. xxi.]
Assyrian beards, [123].
Augustine, St., [52].
Augurs, [26].
Bagpipes, [86].
Baking, [117].
Bangor, Co. Down, [42], [43], [49].
Banqueting Hall at Tara, [106], [111], [112], [150].
Barbers, [123].
Barm, [117].
Baths and bathing, [122], [124].
Beard, [123].
Beauty of Nature and Art admired, [161 to 164].
Bede, the Venerable, [11], [50], [69], [72].
Bees, [117].
Beeswax, [118].
Beetagh, a public hosteller, [119].
Bell of the Will, the, [39].
Bellows, described, [134].
Bells, [38], [39], [88].
Ben-Edar, now the Hill of Howth, near Dublin, [165].
Bir, a spit, [115].
Birds and Bird-net Laws, [155].
Bird-singing, [162], [163].
Black in dyeing, [140].
Blacksmith, [39], [113], [132], [133], [134].
Blanid, Queen, [163].
Blower, a sort of bellows, [134].
Blue, in dyeing, [141].
Boats, [110], [145], [146], [147].
Bobbio in Italy, [49].
Book of Kells, [93], [94], [95], [122], [140].
Book of Lecan, [66].
Book of Lecan, Yellow, [65].
Book of Leinster, [65].
Book of Mac Durnan, [140].
Book of the Dun Cow, [65], [74].
Books and Literature, [chap. viii.]
Borrowing, [159].
Boundaries of territories, [129].
Bracelets, [128].
Brasiers and their work, [97], [98], [128], [132], [133].
Brass, [132].
Brathlang, a covering for a deer-trap, [155].
Bread, [117].
Brehon, a judge, [17].
Brehon Laws, the, [chap. iii.], [148].
Brendan the Navigator, St., [43].
Brewing, [117].
Brewy, a public hospitaller, [116], [119].
Bridges, [144].
Bridles, [145].

Brigit, St., [36].
Brigit, the goddesses so named, [28].
Britain, [50], [52].
Britannia, [14].
Britons, [141], [145].
Bronze, [116], [132], [133], [141].
Brooch, [126], [128].
Brugh, now Newgrange on the Boyne, [28].
Bruree, palace of, [8].
Builders, [131], [132].
Bunnĕ-do-at, a kind of gold ornament, [128].
Butter, [117].
Buttons, [126], [128].
Caher in Tipperary, [8].
Caird, a brasier or silversmith, [132], [133].
Caldron, [116].
Candles, [118].
Canon Law, old Irish, [167].
Cape for shoulders, [125], [141].
Car in common use, [144].
Carding wool, [139].
Carlingford peninsula, [78].
Carntierna near Fermoy, [28].
Carpenters, [132].
Carrigcleena near Mallow, [28].
Carthage, [56].
Carving and carvers, [135].
Cashel, Rock of, [8].
Castletown Fort, near Dundalk, [77].
Celts (people), [114].
Champion, a king’s, [4].
Charcoal, [118].
Chariot, [144].
Charioteer, [113], [144], [145].
Charlemagne, [58], [59], [60].
Cheese, [117].
Chess and chess-playing, [156].
Christian Ireland, [chap. v.]
Churches, [36], [37], [136], [137].
Churn, [117].
Cleena the fairy queen, [28].
Clement and Albinus, [58], [59], [60].
Cloak, [125], [126].
Clonard in Meath, [35], [42], [43].
Clonfert in Galway, [43] (twice).
Clonmacnoise in King’s County, [42].
Clontarf, Battle of, [69 to 72].
Clothes and clothing industries, [chap. xix.]
Clowns, [153], [156].
Coats, [125], [126].
Cogwheels, [134].
Cóir Anmann, the, [73].
Colman, abbot of Lindisfarne, [53].
Colours of dress, [124], [125], [126], [152]: see [Dyeing].
Columba, St.: see [Columkille].
Columbanus, St., [49].
Columkille, St., [29], [52].
Combs and combing, [122], [124].
Comgall, St., [43].
Commerce, [147].
Commons (land), [131].
Compasses (for circles), [136].
Conall Kernagh, [77], [122].
Conari, king of Ireland, [156], [157].
Concobar or Conor mac Nessa, [7], [76], [78], [158].
Congal, Prince, [125].
Conn the Hundred Fighter, king of Ireland, [30].
Connla of the Golden Hair, Prince, [30], [31], [32].
Convents, [36].
Cooks and cooking, [115], [116], [154].
Cooley or Quelnĕ, [78].
Coopers, [136].
Copper, [130], [131], [132].
Copyists, [63].
Cormac Mac Art, king of Ireland, [23], [24], [77], [111].
Cormac’s Glossary, written by archbishop Cormac Mac Cullenan, king of Munster, died A.D. 807, [16].
Corn, [130].
Coursing and coursing hounds, [155].
Courts of justice, [17], [18].
Cows, [130].
Cow’s teat as feeding-bottle, [168].
Craebh-ciuil, [88].
Craglea near Killaloe, [28].
Crannoge, a lake-dwelling, [110].
Creeveroe at Emain, [77].
Crescents for the neck, [96], [128].
Criffan the Great, king of Ireland, [14].
Crimson in dyeing, [140], [141].
Crochet-work, [139].
Croghan, palace of, [8], [78], [137], [149], [150].
Crops, [130].
Cross of Cong, the, [97].
Crossans, gleemen, [157].
Cuculainn, [77], [78].
Cúil-Conari in Connaught, [166].
Curath-mir, the hero’s morsel, [113].
Curds, [117].
Curragh, a wicker-boat, a coracle, [10], [143], [145], [146], 147.
Curragh of Kildare, [153].
Cycles of Irish Tales, [76], [77], [78].

Danes, the, [37], [57], [64], [69], [72].
Dark Ages, [51].
Decies in Waterford, [15].
Dedannans, the colony preceding the Milesians. The Irish gods and fairies were mostly Dedannans; [76]: see [chap. iv.]
Deece baronies near Tara, [15].
Deirdre, [121].
Dermot O’Dyna, [79].
Derry, [43], [165].
Desii, the tribe of, [15].
Dianket, the Irish god of medicine, [98], [99].
Dinner, [111], [115].
Dinnree in Carlow, [8].
Dinnsenchus, the, [73].
Diseases, [104].
Distaff and spindle, [139].
Divination, [25].
Divinity taught in schools, [48].
Domnall, king of Ireland, [125], [158].
Donall, Prince, [166].
Donegal, [52].
Donegal, Monastery of, [73].
Donn, the fairy king, [28].
Dress, [chap. xvi.]
Drink, [115].
Druids, [24], [25], [26], [40].
Drum Ketta, [158]. (See this in Index of History of Ireland.)
Drunkenness, [115].
Dundalgan, Dundalk, [77].
Dunlavin in Wicklow, [8].
Dunstan, St., [57].
Durrow in King’s County, [43].
Dyeing, [139], [140], [141].
Dyeing the face, hair, etc., [121], [122], [123].
Dyfed in Wales, [15].
Ecclesiastical Schools, [chap. vi.]
Eclipses, [68], [69].
Education, [75], [81], [82].
Eevin or Eevil the fairy queen, [28].
Egypt, [50], [55].
Election of kings, [2].
Elements, worship of, [29].
Emain or Emania, [7], [76], [137], [149], [150].
Embroidery, [142], [153].
Endymion, poem of, [161].
England, [52], [53], [57], [62].
Engravers, [135].
Erc, Concobar’s grandson, [158].
Eric of Auxerre, [53].
Ethicus of Istria, [61].
Eyebrows dyed black, [121].
Eyelids, dyed black, [54], [121].
Fairies, [27 to 32], [109].
Fairs, [chap. xxi.]
Farm animals, [130].
Farm fences, [129].
Farming implements, [130].
Faroe Islands, [55].
Feis, a festival, a great meeting of delegates, [149].
Fena of Erin, the, [77], [79].
Fences, [129].
Fergil the Geometer, [49].
Fergus, Angus, and Lorne, [12].
Fergus, Prince, [166].
Fergus Mac Roy, [77].
Fer-leginn, the principal of a college, [46].
Ferryboats, [110], [144].
Fiacha Mullehan, king of Ireland, [163].
Finan, abbot of Lindisfarne, [53].
Finger-nails, [121].
Finn mac Coole, or Finn, son of Cumal, [77], [79].
Finnen or Finnian, St., [35].
Fish and Fishing, [155].
Fishing weirs, [155].
Flageolets, [86].
Flax, [139], [140].
Fleshfork, [117].
Flint and steel, [118].
Food, [chap. xv.]
Fools (for amusement), [156].
Fords, [144].
Foreign conquests, [chap. ii.]
Foreign merchants, [147], [153].
Foreign missions, [chap. vii.]
Forge, a blacksmith’s, tools in, [134].
Forks and knives, [114].
Forts, or lisses, or raths, [16], [109].
Fortune-tellers, [26].
Founders (in metals), [118], [132], [133].
Four Masters, the, [73].
France, [21], [50], [57], [58], [120].
Free circuit of kings, [5].
Frieze, [125].
Frith of Clyde, [11].
Frock-coat, [125].
Fuel, [118], [134].
Fulling cloth, [138], [139].
Furnace, [134].
Furs of animals, [124].
Game, different kinds of, [154], [155].
Ganntree, mirth-music, [88].
Garters, [127].
Gauls, the, [9], [109], [113], [145].
Germany, [50], [57], [120].
Gildas, the British writer, [147].
Giraldus Cambrensis, [84].

Girdle, [118], [125], [126], [127].
Glasheen, the woad-plant, [22], [23], [141].
Glastonbury, [57].
Gleemen, [157].
Gloves, [127].
Goad for horses, [145].
Goaling or hurling, [155].
Gobha, a smith, [132],

[133], [134].
Gods, the pagan Irish, [27 to 30].
Goibniu, the Irish smith-god, [134].
Gold-plate ornament, [128].
Goldsmiths and their work, [97], [98], [128], [132].
Goll-tree, sorrow music, [88].
Gorgets, [96], [128].
Gospels, [93], [94].
Great Britain, [50], [52], [57].
Greece, [51], [151].
Greek language, [48].
Greeks, the, [81], [113], [114], [122], [139], [144], [152].
Greenan, a summer-house, the women’s apartment, [108].
Greenan Ely, [7].
Greyhounds, [155].
Griffith ap Conan, king of Wales, [84].
Grindstone, [136].
Guests, [4].
Hair, [122], [123], [127].
Handbag for ladies, [127], [142].
Handicrafts, [chap. xviii.]
Harp, the, and harpers, [83], [85], [86].
Hat, [127].
Haughton, the Rev. Dr., [70], [71].
Head covering, [127].
Heads of pigs and oxen, for smiths, [113].
Heaven, the pagan Irish, [30], [31], [32].
Heptarchy, the, [52].
Hermits, [36].
Hero’s morsel, [113].
Historical and Romantic Tales, [41], [chap. x.]
Holyhead, [16].
Holy wells, [38].
Honey, [116], [117], [118].
Hood, [125], [127].
Horns (blowing), [87].
Horses, and horsemanship, [130], [145], [153].
Horse-rod, [145].
Hospitality, [119], [120].
Hospitals, [104], [105].
Hostels, free, [119], [120].
House, the, [chap. xiv.]
Household of king, [3], [4], [5].
House-steward, [3].
Hunting, [154].
Hurling or goaling, [155].
I-Brassil, the pagan Irish heaven, [30].
Iceland, [55].
Idols, the Irish, [27], [29].
Inauguration of kings, [2].
Insanity, [25].
Interest on loans, [159].
Intoxicating drink, [115].
Iona, [52].
Irishmen’s cottages in Wales, [16].
Iron, [130], [131].
Island of Saints and Scholars, the, [chap. vi.], [51].
Isle of Man, [12], [13].
Isthmian games of Greece, [151].
Italy, [50], [57], [60].
Jesters, [156].
John Macananty, the fairy king, [28].
John Scotus Erigena, [49].
Joints for special persons, [113].
Joseph’s coat of many colours, [125].
Josina, king of Scotland, [99].
Jugglers, [153], [156], [157].
Julius Cæsar, [9], [146].
Keats the poet, [161].
Keens or laments, [89].
Kehern, [100].
Keltar of the Battles, [77].
Kent, [52].
Kildare, [36], [42], [95].
Kilmallock Abbey, [47], note.
Kilt, [126].
Kincora, palace of, [8].
Kings, [chap. i.]
Kiss on cheek as salutation, [158].
Kitchen garden, [110].
Kitchen, a relish or condiment, [117].
Kitchen utensils, [116].
Knives and forks, [114].
Knockaulin fort, [8].
Knockfierna in Limerick, [28].
Laeghaire, king of Ireland, [19], [26].
Laery the Victorious, [77].
Lambrat, a napkin, [114].
Lathes, [136].
Latin, [48].
Law books, [19], [20].
Law to be obeyed by kings, [6].
Lay schools, [40], [41], [42], [43].

Lead, [131].
Learning, [chap. vi.]
Leather and leather-work, [142], [143].
Leaven, [117].
Leggings, [126].
Letters of English alphabet, [62].
Lichen for dyeing, [141].
Liffey, the river, [72].
Light, [118].
Linen, [124], [139].
Lis or Liss, a circular fort, [16], [109].
Lismore in Waterford, [42].
Locomotion, [chap. xx.]
Louth, Co. of, [78].
Luncheon, [111].
Mac Con, king of Ireland, [22], [23].
Madness, [25].
Maive, queen of Connaught, [78].
Man, Isle of, [12], [13].
Mannanan Mac Lir, the Irish sea-god, [27], [28].
Mantle, [125].
Manure, [130].
Manuscripts, [63].
Manx language, [13].
Markets in fairs, [153].
Marriages and Marriage Hollow at Tailltenn, [151].
Marshal, the, [112].
Masons, [132].
Mead or metheglin, [115], [118].
Meals, [111].
Medical books, [101], [102].
Medicinal herbs, [98], [99], [100], [104].
Medicine and medical doctors, [chap. xiii.]
Metal-work and metal-workers, [95], [132], [134]. See [Brasiers], and [Goldsmiths].
Meyer, Dr. Kuno, [80].
Midac, son of Dianket, [98].
Migrations of Irish to Scotland, [11], [12], [72].
Migrations of Irish to Wales, [13].
Milesian colony, [76].
Milk, [115], [117].
Milking, [131].
Milking-songs, [89].
Mills, [117], [130].
Mine on a farm, [130].
Mines and mining, [131].
Mirth-music, [88].
Missionaries, [chap. vii.], [120], [121].
Monasterboice near Drogheda, [43].
Monasteries, [34], [35], [36], [120].
Monastic schools, [40 to 51].
Monks, [34].
Montalembert, [55].
Moore, Thomas, [90].
Mortar, [136].
Moulds for metal-casting, [133].
Moy Mell, the pagan Irish heaven, [30].
Munster, [11], [140].
Music, [chap. xi.], [115], [152].
Musical Branch, [88].
Mythological period of Irish Tales, [76].
Naas in Kildare, [8].
Nails (of fingers), [121].
Naisi, son of Usna, [77].
Names of Places, [165], [166].
Napkins, [114].
Nature closely observed, [162].
Necklaces, [128].
Necklets, [96].
Needle and needlework, [141], [142].
Niall of the Nine Hostages, [14], [15].
Nobles, [2].
Norsemen, [12].
Northumberland, Northumbria, and Northumbrians, [52], [53].
Nuns, [36].
O’Cassidys, the, [101].
O’Clerys, the, [73].
O’Curry, Professor Eugene, [20].
O’Donovan, Dr. John, [20], [73].
Ogham writing, [61], [62].
O’Hickeys, the, [101].
Old age and destitution, provision for, [160].
O’Lees, the, [101].
Ollam Fodla, king of Ireland, [149].
Ollave, a doctor of any profession, [3], [112], [113], [132], [149].
O’Loghlin, Donall, king of Ireland, [39].
Olympian games of Greece, [151].
O’Mulconry, Ferfesa, [73].
Orkney Islands, [55].
Ornaments, personal, [128].
Oscar, son of Ossian, [79].
O’Shiels, the, [101].
Ossian, son of Finn, [79].
Oswald, king of Northumbria, [53].
Outdoor relief, [160].
Oxen, [130].
Pagan Ireland, [chap. iv.]
Pagan schools, [40].
Painters, [135].
Painting or dyeing the face, [121], [122].
Palaces, [6], [7], [8].

Paris, [49], [59].
Pasturage and tillage, [chap. xvii.]
Patrick, St., [15], [19], [26], [29], [33], [35], [36], [38], [39], [40], [41], [61], [96].
Pavia in Italy, [60].
Peat, [118].
Penal Laws, [85].
Penwork, [92].
Periods or cycles of Irish Tales, [76], [77], [78].
Picts and Scots, [10], [13], [14].
Pigs, [130].
Pillar-stones as boundaries, [129].
Pillar-stones as idols, [29].
Pins, [126].
Place-names, [165], [166].
Planes (carpentry), [136].
Pledging for loan, [159].
Plough whistles, [90].
Poets and poetry, [41], [81], [82].
Pond for cattle, [130].
Poor-laws, [160], [161].
Poor scholars, [44], [45].
Pope, the, [56].
Porridge, [117].
Potters wheel, [136].
Printing, [60].
Professions, [3], [41], [101].
Provinces, the five, [1].
Purple in dyeing, [141].
Quelnĕ or Cooley, [78].
Querns, [117].
Races, [153].
Ramparts as boundaries, [129].
Rath or lis, a circular fort, [16], [109].
Razors, [123].
Recitation of stories and poems, [81], [152].
Red in dyeing, [140].
Red Branch Knights, [7], [76 to 79], [113].
Relieving officer, [161].
Rélta na bh-filedh, the meeting-house for the ollaves at Tara, [150].
Residences of kings, [6], [7], [8].
Retinue of kings, [3], [4].
Revenue of kings, [5].
Rhapsodists of Greece, [152].
Rings, [128].
Rivers as boundaries, [129].
Road through or by farm, [130].
Roads, [143], [144].
Roads as boundaries between territories, [129].
Rock of Cashel, [8].
Roman classical writers, [10], [11].
Roman walls between England and Scotland, [11].
Romans, [114], [115], [122], [144], [145].
Rome, [51], [56].
Rosscarbery in Cork, [43].
Round Towers, [37], [136], [137].
Rushlight, [118].
Ruskin, [125].
Sacred groves round monasteries, [39].
Sacred armistice of the Greeks, [152].
Saer, a mason or carpenter, [133].
Sai-re-caird, a head craftsman, [137].
Salmon, [117].
Salt, [116].
Saltair, of Tara, [150].
Salutation, modes of, [158].
Samain, 1st November, [149].
Satin, [124], [126].
Schools and colleges, [chap. vi.]
Science, various branches of, taught in Irish schools, [48].
Scotland, [10], [11], [12], [52], [72], [82], [86], [89], [90], [91], [112], [113], [126], [150].
Scots, i.e., the Irish, [9], [10], [58].
Scottish harpers and music, [84].
Scrabo near Newtownards, [28].
Scribes, [63].
Scriptures, the Holy, [48].
Sedulius, [49].
Senchus Mór, Great Law Book, [19], [20].
Sewing, [141].
Shanachie, a storyteller, a historian, [74], [81], [112].
Shears, [138].
Shee, fairies and fairy-dwellings, [27], [28], [29].
Sheep, [130].
Shellfish in dyeing, [141].
Shield, [112].
Ships, [146].
Shirt, [126].
Shoes, [127].
Shoes taken off at meals, [115].
Showmen, [153].
Shrine of St. Patrick’s Bell, [39].
Silversmiths: see [Goldsmiths].
Sick maintenance in a hospital, [105].
Sieves, [117].
Silk, [124], [126].
Singing, [115], [152].
Singing of birds, [162].
Skewers, [115].
Slaan, a turf-spade, [118].
Sleeping accommodation, [108].
Sleep-music, [89].
Smiths, [39], [113], [132], [133], [134].

Soap, [124].
Solway Frith, [11].
Soothsayers, [26].
Sorrow-music, [88].
Spear-heads, [133].
Speckled Book, [65].
Spinning, spindles, and wheel, [139], [140].

Spinning-wheel songs, [89].
Spit for cooking, [115], [116].
Spunk, tinder, [118].
Spurs, none used, [145].
Squire or shield-bearer, [112].
Steel, [141].
Stilicho, [14].
Stirabout, [117].
Stokes, Miss Margaret, [93].
Stokes, Dr. Whitley, [80].
Stone-building, [107], [132], [136].
Stuarts, the, [12].
Styles of Irish music, [88].
Suantree, sleep-music, [89].
Swimming, [144].
Tables, [114].
Tailltenn, fair of, [150].
Táin bo Quelnĕ, story of the, [78], [79].
Tales, the Irish Historical and Romantic, [41], [chap. x.]
Tanning, [142], [143].
Tara, [1], [7], [26], [111], [143], [146], [149].
Tara, Plan of, [Frontispiece].
Tara Brooch, [97].
Teernanoge or Tirnanoge, the pagan Irish heaven, [30].
Teltown in Meath: see [Tailltenn].
Theodosius, [13].
Theology, [48].
Things of beauty, [161], [162].
Three Orders of Irish Saints, [34 to 36].
Tierna, the fairy king, [28].
Tillage and pasturage, [chap. xvii.]
Timpan and timpanists, [85], [86].
Tin, [131], [132].
Tinder, [118].
Tinnĕ-crassa, fire from flint and steel, [118].
Tirconnell, now Donegal, [52].
Tlachtga, fair of, [150], [151].
Todd, the Rev. Dr., [70], [71].
Tools of various handicraftsmen, [136].
Torques for the neck, [128].
Towns, [106].
Trades, how learned, [138].
Tradesmen of the various crafts, [135]: see [Handicrafts].
Traps for wild animals, [154], [155].
Travelling, [143].
Trousers, [126].
Trumpets and trumpeters, [87], [112], [133].
Turf for firing, [118].
Tyrian purple, [141].
Ulster, [76], [78], [139].
Ultan, St., [167], [168].
Universities, the Irish, [48].
Ushnagh, fair of, [150], [151].
Usna, sons of, [77].
Van Helmont, the physician, [103].
Various customs, [chap. xxii.]
Veil, [127].
Verse, [81], [82].
Vessels, makers of, [136].
Vulcan, [133].
Wales, [10], [15], [16].
War of the Irish with the Danes, [69], [70].
Warfare, [chap. ii.]
War-marches (music), [90].
Water, digging for, [130].
Watermills, [117].
Wax candles, [118].
Weaving, [139].
Weirs for fishing, [155].
Wells, [29], [37], [38].
Welsh, [84], [141].
Westwood, Professor, [94].
Whistles, [86].
Wickerwork building, [107], [144].
Wine, [115].
Wolfdog, [154].
Wolves, [154].
Wood, a, on a farm, [130].
Wood cleared off the land, [129].
Wood for working, [131].
Wood-building, [107], [132].
Wood-workers, [135]: see [Carpenters].
Wool and woollens, [124], [126], [138], [139], [141].
Writing, art of, [60], [61].
Yeast, [117].
Yellow Book of Lecan, [65].
Yellow Plague, the, [167].
Yew-tree and wood, [135].

WORKS
BY
P. W. JOYCE, M.A., LL.D., T.C.D.; M.R.I.A.