Sa'ngha, p. and skt., the brotherhood of Buddha's disciples, the Buddhist church. An assembly of at least four has the power to hear confession, to grant absolution, to admit persons to the priesthood, etc. The sangha forms the third constituent of the Tiratana or three jewels in which refuge is taken (the S. B. of the E. spell Sawgha).—[56], [61], [64], [68], [69], [71], [86], [92], [95], [96], [98], [99], [100], [102], [103], [104], [108], [145], [150], [168], [178], [250], [253], [254]; sangha maybe expected to prosper, [221].
Sa'ñjaya, p. and skt., a wandering ascetic and chief of that sect to which Sāriputta and Moggallāna belonged before their conversion.—[70].
Sankhā'ra, p., Samskā'ra, skt., confection, conformation, disposition. It is the formative element in the karma as it has taken shape in bodily existence.—[155], [157], [158].
Sāripu'tta, p., Sāripu'tra, skt., one of the principal disciples of Buddha; the Buddhistic St. Peter.—[70], [71], [76], [77], [85], [87], [103], [112], [120], [212], [213], [222]; Sāriputta's faith, [213], [221].
Sā'vaka, p., Srā'vaka, skt., he who has heard the voice (viz. of Buddha), a pupil, a beginner. The name is used to designate (1) all personal disciples of Buddha, the foremost among whom are called Mahā-sāvakas, and (2) an elementary degree of saintship. A sāvaka is he who is superficial yet in practice and comprehension, being compared to a hare crossing the stream of Samsāra by swimming on the surface. [See Eitel Handbook, p. 157.]—[172], [173], [174].
Sati-patthā'na, p., Smrityupasthā'na, skt., meditation; explained as "fixing the attention." The four objects of earnest meditation are: (1) the impurity of the body, (2) the evils arising from sensation, (3) ideas or the impermanence of existence, and (4) reason and character, or the permanency of the dharma. (Rh. D.B., p. 172.) The term is different from "bhāvanā," although translated by the same English word. (S.B. of the E. XI, p. 62.—[211]).
Sāva'tthi, p., Srāva'sti, skt., capital of Northern Kosala. It has been identified by General Cunningham with the ruins of Sāhet-Māhet in Oudh and was situated on the river Rapri, northwest of Magadha.—[75], [77], [81], [94], [96], [97], [103], [188], [195], [212], [215].
Se'niya, p., Sai'nya, skt., military, warlike, an honorary title given to Bimbisāra the king of Magadha.—[65], [69], [90], [98].
Siddha'ttha, p., Siddhā'rtha, skt., Buddha's proper name. Etymology, "He who has reached his goal."—[10]-[26], [48], [82]-[86], [88], [110], [165].
Sigā'la, p., Srigā'la, skt., literally, "jackal"; name of a Brahman converted by Buddha.—[144], [145].