[9.] Thomas Taylor Meadows, The Chinese and Their Rebellions, p. 24, London, 1856. His accounts of the T'ai-p'ing rebellion even today possess great liveliness and interest and illuminate twentieth century Chinese problems.

[10.] Ibid., p. 25.

[11.] E. H. Parker, China ..., pp. 259-260, New York, 1917.

[12.] A. N. Holcombe, The Chinese Revolution, pp. 70-81, Cambridge, 1930.

[13.] See Luther Carrington Goodrich, The Literary Inquisition of Ch'ien-lung, Baltimore, 1935.

[14.] The most extensive source of information on Manchu military organization in China is T. F. Wade, "The Army of the Chinese Empire: Its Two Great Divisions, the Bannermen or National Guard, and the Green Standard or Provincial Troops; Their Organization, Pay, Condition &c.," The Chinese Repository (Canton), vol. 20, pp. 250-280, 300-340, 363-422, 1851, which is now unfortunately rare. William James Hail, Tseng Kuo-fan and the Taiping Rebellion, New Haven, 1927, presents an accessible and informative digest of this and other material in its opening pages. Two French works based on Wade are Jules Picard, État générale des forces maritimes et militaires de la Chine ..., Paris, 1860, and P. Dabry, Organisation militaire des Chinois, ou la Chine et ses armées, Paris, 1859. William Frederick Mayers, The Chinese Government, Shanghai, 1897, is one of the most valuable references for the structure of the last imperial government of China; designed as a manual of titles, it presents a concise outline of all major civil and military offices. A more elaborate treatise is P. C. Hsieh, The Chinese Government, 1644-1911, Baltimore, 1925. See also Anatol M. Kotenev, The Chinese Soldier, Shanghai, 1937. The text refers to Wade, p. 391, and Hsieh, p. 260.

[15.] United States War Department, Adjutant-General's Office, no. 30, Notes on China, pp. 57-69, "The Chinese Army," Washington, 1900. Except for cursory references, this pamphlet is of no great value.

[16.] See above, pp. [32 ff.]

[17.] See Hail, op. cit. in note 57.

[18.] See Meribeth E. Cameron, The Reform Movement in China, 1898-1912, p. 59, Stanford, 1931.