[12.] Vide Archiv., i., p. 557 ... "Et hoc totum ex rapacitate et malignitate luporum pastorum qui voluerunt esse pastores, sed operibus negaverunt deum," et seq. Cf., p. 562: "Avaritia et symoniaca heresis absque pallio regnat et fere totum invasit ecclesie corpus."
[13.] "Qui excommunicat et hereticat altissimam evangelii paupertatem, excommunicatus est a Deo et hereticus coram Christo, qui est eterna et in commutabilis veritas." Arch., i., p. 509. "Non est potestas contra christum Dominum et contra evangelium." Ib. p. 560. He closes one of his letters with a sentence of a mysticism full of serenity, and which lets us see to the bottom of the hearts of the Spiritual Brothers. "Totum igitur studium esse debet quod unum inseparabiliter simus per Franciscum in Christo." Ib., p. 564.
[14.] For example in the list of the first six generals of the Order.
[15.] The first (1219-1226) extends from the departure of St. Francis for Egypt up to his death; the second includes the generalate of Brother Elias (1232-1239); the third that of Crescentius (1244-1248); the fourth, that of Bonaventura (1257-1274); the fifth commences with the epoch of the council of Lyon (1274) and extends up to the death of the inquisitor, Thomas d'Aversa (1204). And the sixth goes from 1308 to 1323.
[16.] "Supererant adhuc multi de sociis b. Francisci ... et alii non pauci de quibus ego vidi et ab ipsis audivi quæ narro." Laur. Ms., cod. 7, pl. xx., fo 24a: "Qui passi sunt eam (tribulationem tertiam) socii fundatoris fratres Aegdius et Angelus, qui supererant me audiente referibant." Laur. Ms., fo 27b. Cf., Italian Ms., xxxvii., 28, Magliab., fo 138b.
[17.] The date of his death is unknown; on August 11, 1253, he was present at the death-bed of St. Clara.
[18.] Died April 23, 1261.
[19.] "Quem (fratrem Jacobum de Massa) dirigente me fratre Johanne socio fratris prefati Egidii videre laboravi. Hic enim frater Johannes ... dixit mihi...." Arch., ii., p. 279.
[20.] " ... Tribulationes preteritas memoravi, ut audivi ab illis qui sustinuerunt eas et aliqua commemoravi de hiis que didici in quatuor legendis quas vidi et legi." Arch., ii., p. 135.—"Vitam pauperis et humilis viri Dei Francisci trium ordinum fundatoris quatuor solemnes personæ scripserunt, fratres videlicet scientia et sanctitate præclari, Johannes et Thomas de Celano, frater Bonaventura unus post Beatum Franciscum Generalis Minister et vir miræ simplicitatis et sanctitatis frater Leo, ejusdem sancti Francisci socius. Has quatuor descriptiones seu historias qui legerit...." Laurent. MS., pl. xx., c. 7, fo 1a. Did the Italian translator think there was an error in this quotation? I do not know, but he suppressed it. At fo 12a of manuscript xxxvii., 28, of the Magliabecchina, we read: "Incominciano alcune croniche del ordine franciscano, come la vita del povero e humile servo di Dio Francesco fondatore del minorico ordine fu scripta da San Bonaventura e da quatro altri frati. Queste poche scripture ovveramente hystorie quello il quale diligentemente le leggiera, expeditamente potra cognoscere ... la vocatione la santita di San Francisco."
[21.] Laur. MS., fo 4b ff. On the other hand we read in a letter of Clareno: "Ad hanc (paupertatem) perfecte servandam Christus Franciscum vocavit et elegit in hac hora novissima et precepit ei evangelicam assumere regulam, et a papa Innocentio fuit omnibus annuntiatum in concilio generali, quod de sua auctoritate et obedientia sanctus Franciscus evangelicam vitam et regulam assumpserat et Christo inspirante servare promiserat, sicut sanctus vir fr. Leo scribit et fr. Johannes de Celano." Archiv., i., p. 559.