77 redans: projecting fortifications.

the talus of the glacis: the pitch of the outer slope of an earthwork.

banquettes: the raised way running along the inside of a rampart.

78 chamade: a signal given by drum, announcing surrender.

79 a new reign: George II died on October 25, 1760.

80 a rag of quality: Horace Walpole was a younger son of Sir Robert Walpole (Earl of Orford).

81 the Duke of Cumberland: second son of George II.

a dark brown adonis: a kind of wig.

the Duke of Newcastle: the Prime Minister.

83 Goldsmith's Citizen of the World consists of a series of letters on European manners and customs, purporting to be written by a Chinaman who has never before visited England.