Simple typographical errors were corrected.

Ambiguous hyphens at the ends of lines were retained.

The original book copied illustrations from various sources and did not change the Figure numbers. This eBook retains those original identifications, so there are duplicate numbers.

Text usually spells "Galileo" as "Gallileo"; both forms have been retained here.

Mathematical equations have been expressed here in linear form. Accuracy of their transcriptions is questionable. Multiplication was indicated in various ways and has not been changed or standardized.

Page [73]: "phraseology" was printed as "praseology".

Page [76]: "1882" was printed as "182".

Page [222]: "misspent" was printed as "mispent".

Page [229]: "perseverance" was printed as "perserverance".

Page [220] and others: "'s Gravesande" was the person's name.