The beginnings of cheap steel

by Philip W. Bishop

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[ ⁶⁸]Mining Journal, 1859, vol. 29, pp. 396 and 401. The price quotation was continued until April 1865

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[ ⁶⁹]The Engineer, 1859, vol. 7, p. 437

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[ ⁷⁰]Jeans, op. cit. (footnote 5), p. 349 refers to the hematite ores of Lancashire and Cumberland as "the ores hitherto almost exclusively used in the Bessemer process."

A definitive account of the Swedish development of the Bessemer process, leading to a well-documented claim that the first practical realization of the process was achieved in Sweden in July 1858, was recently published (Per Carlberg, "Early Production of Bessemer Steel at Edsken," Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute, Great Britain, July 1958, vol. 189, p. 201)

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[ ⁷¹]The Engineer, 1859, vol. 7, p. 314. Bessemer's intention to present his paper had been announced in April

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