INDEX
- A
- Advances, small, made to immigrants into Siberia, [47]
- Agricultural zone, [5], [7];
- Agriculture, Siberian peasants’ ignorance of, [24], [25];
- Ahmar Dabam Mountains, [12]
- Ainos, the, [85]
- Albazine, heroic defence of, [3]
- Alexander III. decrees the creation of the Trans-Siberian Railway, [66]
- Alexandrofsk, prison of, [54]
- Altai Mountains, the, [10];
- valleys of the, [47]
- Amur province annexed by Russia, [13];
- Amur River, Khabarof, establishes himself on the, [3];
- Armstrong, Whitworth, and Co. construct the ferry-boats for Lake Baikal, [69]
- Army, Japanese, strengthened, [141];
- Art, Japanese, withstands Chinese influences, [87];
- Artillery employed at the naval battle of Shigutake, [93]
- Aryans, the, [172]
- Asiatic Ocean, tribes in the region of the, [6]
- Astrakhan annexed by Russia, [1]
- B
- Baikal, Lake, beauty of, [12];
- Barabinsk Steppe, the, [11]
- Barley in Siberia, [7], [24]
- Barnaoul, [38];
- attractive to immigrants, [47]
- Beer, excellent, at Irkutsk;
- Japanese beer, [120]
- Behring Straits, native races in the district of the, [52]
- Berizof on the Obi, climate, [5]
- Berlin, distance to Vladivostok and Port Arthur, [76]
- Biisk attractive to immigrants, [47]
- Birch, predominance of the, [9]
- Black Current, the, [5]
- Blagovyeshchensk, its prosperity, [30];
- fruit and vegetables brought to, by Chinese, [51]
- Blue River, mouth of the, [188];
- its banks, [235]
- Brandt’s, Herr von, estimate of Chinese revenue, [219]
- Bridges, Siberian, carried away by inundations, [59];
- bridges of the Trans-Siberian Railway, [68]
- Britain, Great, trade with Siberia, [62];
- important commerce with Japan, [139];
- Japan’s friendship for her, [168];
- new commercial treaty with Japan, [179], [180];
- concessions made to, by China, [240];
- she turns her back on China for Japan, [244];
- the treaty with France concerning Yunnan, [262];
- she regains her position in China, [263];
- public wrath at the German seizure of Kiao-chau, [269];
- the ‘open door’ policy, [270], [271], [274];
- offer of a loan to China, [270];
- important convention with China regarding the Yang-tsze-Kiang basin, etc., [271];
- danger of war with Russia, [272];
- Wei-hai-wei and Kowloon ceded to Great Britain, [273];
- the English public still dissatisfied, [274];
- the Niu-chwang Railway affair, [275];
- Great Britain’s commerce with China, [272], [273];
- better relations with Germany, [286]
- British bombard Kagoshima, [106]
- British Columbia, temperate climate, [5]
- Brushes, Japanese, [120]
- Bubonic plague, microbe of the, discovered by a Japanese, [177]
- Buddhism practised by the Buriats, [12];
- Buriats, the, [12];
- Butter scarce in Siberia, [19];
- exported to Russia, [22]
- C
- Camels employed in the tea trade, [34]
- Canada compared with Siberia, [4];
- Canton, the foreign mart of China, [229]
- Catholics not tolerated in Russia, [14], [15];
- their churches in all large Siberian towns, [15]
- Cattle, very numerous in Siberia, [22];
- Cedar-trees, Siberian, [11];
- their seeds eaten by the Siberians, [11]
- Cereals in Siberia, [7];
- Chancellor first enters Russia viâ the White Sea, [61]
- Chartered Company, a, established under the Strogonofs, [2]
- Cheliabinsk in the Great Plain, [9];
- China allows Russia to build the Manchurian Railway, [67];
- her interest in it, [72];
- commercial class have always been honoured in China, [141];
- Japan her best friend, [167];
- China compared with Turkey, [183];
- density of the population, [184];
- enormous coal and copper beds untouched, [184];
- China more backward than India or Japan, [185];
- the significance of the Japanese War, [185];
- end of China’s isolation, [186];
- possible results of her dissolution, [187], [281];
- first impressions, [188];
- cultivation of the soil, [190];
- Peking, [190];
- Hien-feng’s hunting excursion, [195];
- ruin of the once fine highroads, [199], [201];
- hills never cultivated, [202];
- squandering of money, [203];
- general decay, [203];
- the mandarinate the curse of China, [204];
- the literati, [204]–206;
- corruption, [206], [217];
- how the governing class is selected, [208];
- the causes of her isolation, [209], [210];
- the non-existence of any martial spirit among the people, [210];
- irregularities in the Government, [211];
- long existence of the State, [212];
- patriotism unknown, [213];
- population, [214], note;
- taxes light, [218], [219];
- total revenue, [219];
- natural disasters, [220];
- population does not increase, [220];
- rapacity of officials, [220], [221];
- the result of the opening up of the country, [227];
- the Treaty of Shimonosaki, [228], [236];
- opposition to foreigners, [229];
- nothing to be expected from the Government, [236];
- industries, [237], [238];
- increase of wages, [238], [239];
- industries still limited to the Treaty Ports, [240];
- China’s commerce, [241], [282]–286;
- her collapse after the War, [242], [243];
- England turns her back on China, [244];
- North China coveted by Russia, [246];
- the intervention of Russia, France, and Germany, [247];
- Russia better liked than any other Western Power, [248];
- China becomes alarmed at Russia, [251];
- Russian interference in the War settlement, [252];
- a foreign debt contracted, [253];
- it leads to further foreign interference, [254];
- Russia becomes guarantor for China, [255];
- Russian influence predominant, [258];
- concessions to Germany, [259];
- to France, [259]–261;
- England regains her position in China, [263], [264];
- railway concessions, [267], [268];
- Germany seizes Kiao-chau, [268];
- wrath in England at this act, [269];
- important concessions to England, [271];
- England declares the ‘open door’ policy, [271], [274];
- China leases the Liao-tung Peninsula to Russia, [271], [272];
- concessions to France, [272];
- Wei-hai-wei and Kowloon ceded to England, [273];
- the Niu-chwang Railway affair, [275];
- progress made in China, [275];
- germs of disaffection, [276], [277];
- the Palace Revolution of September, 1898, [277], [278];
- the government of the Empress Dowager, [278], [279];
- difference between China to-day and Japan in 1868, [279], [280];
- friendly feeling for Japan, [285];
- the partisans of the ‘open door,’ 285;
- the present government preferable to a partition, [288];
- railways the best missionaries, [289]
- Chinese at Vladivostok, [13], [50];
- supply Blagovyeshchensk with fruit and vegetables, [51];
- also Khabarofsk, [52];
- Chinese emigration to Eastern Siberia, [52];
- their distinctness as a race, [84];
- Chinese civilization introduced into Japan, [86];
- integrity of Chinese merchants, [140];
- patience of Chinese, [184];
- their insolence to foreigners, [195];
- their energy, [196];
- their habit of saving appearances, [196], [197], [203], [216];
- the peasantry, [199];
- the Chinese alphabet, [206], [207];
- the feng-shui geomancy, [209], [225];
- patriotism non-existent, [213];
- physical and linguistic differences among the Chinese, [214], [215];
- their civilization, [216];
- love of cunning, [217];
- Chinese etiquette, [217];
- life very easy for the people, [218];
- the people and the Government, [218], [219];
- their contented disposition, [220];
- resignation, [221];
- their indifference to death and cruelty, [221];
- suicides out of spite, [222];
- why they are bad soldiers, [222], [223];
- they might be better, [223], note;
- filial piety and infanticide, [223];
- ancestor worship the cause of non-progressiveness, [223], [224];
- unhappy lot of married women, [224];
- their immorality, [224];
- gambling, the national vice, [224];
- opium-smoking, [225];
- filthy habits and superstition, [225];
- good qualities of the Chinese, [226];
- their habit of looking to the past for a type of perfection, [226];
- their lack of discernment, [226];
- scandalized by Christianity, [230];
- Chinese and Western civilization, [230], [231];
- appreciation of our administration, [231], [232];
- their superstitions about missionaries, [232]
- Chino-Japanese War, significance of the, [185]
- Christianity introduced into Japan, [93];
- Chuckchis, the, [6]
- Churches very numerous in Siberian towns, [40]
- Clans, the south-eastern, a danger to the Shogunate, [99];
- Coal, abundant in Siberia, [29], [30];
- Commerce, Japanese, enormous increase of, [135]–140;
- Confucius’ works studied by the literati, [206];
- his views on filial piety, [223]
- Copper-mines, Siberian, [29], [30];
- copper exported from Japan, [140]
- Cossacks encounter little opposition, [2];
- Cotton industry introduced into Japan, [119];
- Custom-house duties in Siberia, [33];
- in China, [240]
- D
- Daimios forbidden to enter Kioto, [97];
- Dan-no-ura, the naval battle of, [89]
- Dogs, Siberian, like wolves, [18]
- Dutch the only Europeans allowed to traffic with Japan, [95], [96]
- E
- Education, its backward state in Siberia, [20];
- Electric light in Siberian towns, [40];
- in Tokio, [114]
- Emigration from Russia, [44];
- its management, [45]
- (see also Immigration)
- Empress Dowager and the Palace Revolution, [278];
- England (see Britain, Great)
- English attempts to enter Siberia viâ the Arctic Ocean, [61]–62;
- an English company creates an annual service to Siberia by this route, [62]
- Ermak Timoféef seizes Sibir, [2]
- Eunuchs, the, [16]
- Examinations, public, in China, [205];
- Exiles, two classes of, sent to Siberia, [53];
- F
- Feng-shui geomancy, Chinese, [209], [225]
- Ferry-boats to convey trains across Lake Baikal, [66], [69]
- Fetish-tree, a, [12]
- Finance, Japanese, brilliant condition before the war, [143], [144];
- Fir-trees, Siberian, [6], [10]
- Fishing industry, importance of Japanese, [128]
- Flowers, Siberian, [11], [23];
- Japanese love of flowers, [133]
- Foreigners, Japanese suspicion of, [178] 179;
- Forest Zone, the Great, [5];
- Formosa, Japanese subvention to, [146]
- France, why attracted to Tongking, [185];
- she co-operates with Russia and against Japan, [247];
- her sacrifice in turning from Japan, [249];
- Russia endeavours to draw her into warlike demonstrations against Japan, [250];
- ‘advantages’ gained by her intervention, [259], [260], [262];
- her treaty with England concerning Tongking, [262];
- France the protectress of Catholicism in China, [263];
- she suffers a check in China, [264];
- more concessions obtained, [272], [273];
- the part she ought to play, [288]
- French settlers in Siberia, [15];
- the Government generally indulgent towards them, [53]
- Fujiwara family, the, retains the Prime Ministership, [88]
- Fukuzawa, Mr., editor of the Jiji Shimpo, [103]
- Furniture, absence of, in Japanese houses, [131]
- Furs, exported from Siberia, [31]
- G
- Gambling, the national Chinese vice, [224]
- Germany, commerce with Japan, [139];
- Glass in Japan, [120]
- Gold-mines, Siberian, in the Forest Zone, [7];
- employ relatively few people, [17];
- their exploitation and yield, [27], [29];
- Government the only buyer of Siberian gold, [28];
- bad system of taxation and other drawbacks, [28];
- primitive implements used, [28];
- the most important veins generally difficult to get at, [28];
- mining centre removed to the banks of the Amur and Lena, [29];
- exploitation only granted to Russian subjects, [53]
- Great Wall of China, the, [201]–203
- H
- Hankow, on the Yang-tsze, the great tea mart of China, [34];
- projection of a railway from Peking to Hankow, [268]
- Hara-kiri, the ferocious custom of, in Japan, [98];
- in China, [222]
- Hart, Sir Robert, [240]
- Heimino, or commoners of Japan, [99];
- heimino in the public offices, [156]
- Henry, Prince, and the ‘mailed fist,’ 269
- Hideyoshi reduces the daimios to obedience, [91];
- orders all missionaries to leave Japan, [94]
- Hien-feng’s hunting excursion, [195]
- High-roads of China, dilapidated condition of the, [199], [203]
- Hitotsubashi, tries to retrieve the Shogunate, [106];
- his overthrow, [107]
- Hong-Kong seventeen days from London viâ Siberia, [77];
- Horses sometimes difficult to procure on the Siberian postal-road, [21];
- Hu-nan, coal-beds in, [184]
- I
- Iemitsu enfeebles the initiative of the daimios, [100]
- Ieyas, Tokugawa, rises to power, [92];
- Immigrants into Siberia almost exclusively peasants, [45];
- Tobolsk a great meeting-place for them, [45];
- the routes taken, [45];
- length of the journey, [46];
- refuges erected for their accommodation, [46];
- those coming from same districts grouped together, [46];
- regulations for their settlement 46, [47];
- small advances made to them, [47];
- where they settle, [47];
- many return again to Russia, [48]
- Imperial canal, Chinese, ruinous condition of the, [203]
- Indemnity, Chinese War, [145];
- India more advanced than China, [185]
- Industries, Japanese, [118];
- fancy goods, [119];
- glass, brushes, and foundries, [120];
- jute carpet and match industries, [121];
- enormous progress of cotton, [122];
- Japanese own all their own industries, [122], [123];
- scarcity of workmen, [123];
- abuses in the employment of women, [123];
- hours of labour, [123];
- holidays, [124];
- increase of wages, [124];
- diminution of capital, [124];
- fisheries, [128];
- Chinese industries, [237];
- women employés, [238];
- their wages, [238], [239];
- industries limited to the free ports, [240]
- Infanticide in China, [221]
- Inland Sea, the, of Japan, [112];
- its light-houses, [112]
- Inundations in Siberia, [59]
- Iourdis, or Kirghiz huts, [46]
- Irbit, the great fair at, [35]
- Irkutsk, difference between the Customs on tea at Odessa and Irkutsk, [36];
- Iron mines, Siberian, [27], [30]
- Isbas, the, or Siberian peasants’ cottages, [18];
- interior ornamentation, [23]
- Islamism professed by the Kirghiz, [10]
- Ito, Marquis, [160],162;
- Ivan the Terrible, [1];
- grants the Strogonofs trading privileges, [2]
- J
- Japan, the Black Current, [5];
- her transformation, [81], [82];
- European scepticism as to military success, [82];
- early history, [83];
- its settlement, [84];
- introduction of Chinese civilization, [86];
- also of Buddhism, the silkworm, etc., [86];
- resemblance of the adoption of Chinese civilization in the seventh with that of European in the nineteenth century, [87];
- the system of heredity, [87], [88];
- real authority very rarely vested in the man supposed to exercise it, [88];
- feudalism established, [88];
- dissensions in the Government, [88];
- the Government overthrown by Yoritomo, [89];
- increasing power of the daimios, [89];
- the Shogunate, [89], [90];
- non-interference of the Mikado in the Government, [90];
- civil wars, [90];
- pitiable condition of Japan at the beginning of the sixteenth century, [90], [91];
- suppression of the independence of the nobles, [91];
- Ieyas rises to power, [92];
- arrival of the Portuguese in Japan, [92];
- St. Francis Xavier introduces Christianity, [93];
- great progress made by it, [93], [94];
- material progress, [94];
- Hideyoshi orders all missionaries to leave Japan, [94], [95];
- Christianity extirpated in Japan and exclusion of foreign influence, [95];
- Dutch and Chinese only allowed to trade with Japan, [95], [96];
- the three ancient classes of the people, [97]–99;
- the daimios divided by Ieyas among themselves, [99];
- Japan under the Tokugawas, [100];
- again under Chinese influences, [100];
- the causes of the Revolution of 1868 deep-rooted, [101];
- decline of the Shogunate, [101];
- penetration of Western ideas into Japan, [102];
- the United States demands the opening of the ports, [103];
- ports opened, [104];
- overthrow of the Shogunate, [104]–107;
- necessity of adopting Western civilization in all branches perceived, [107];
- sweeping reforms, [108];
- removal of the Court to Tokio, [108];
- the Satsuma insurrection, [108];
- modern Japan, [109];
- religious toleration, [111];
- Japan the Great Britain of the Far East, [118];
- her industries, [118]–124;
- essentially an agricultural country, [125];
- agricultural products, [125], [126], [129], [130];
- scenery, [126];
- density of the rural population, [126];
- small area of cultivable land, [127], [128];
- scarcity of domestic animals, [128];
- education, [134];
- increase of the population, [134];
- foreign commerce, [135]–140;
- trade despised in ancient Japan, [140];
- brilliant condition of her finances before the war, [143], [144];
- extensive programme of expansion, [144], [145];
- large loan required to meet same, [146];
- a foreign loan, [148];
- taxation, [150]–152;
- instability of Parliaments, [154];
- the clan spirit in modern Japan, [156];
- the Parliamentary system, [156]–163;
- importance of Japan’s military forces, [165];
- her coal, [167];
- Japan China’s best friend, [167];
- her friendship for England and distrust of Russia, [168];
- colonizing ambitions, [170];
- her thorough transformation, [174];
- refusal to accept Christianity, [174];
- the civil status, [175];
- railway and post 176;
- carelessness and unpunctuality, [177];
- inexperience, [178];
- hostility to foreigners, [178];
- renewal of the commercial treaties, [178]–180;
- land tenure, [180];
- her foreign missions, [182];
- Japan more advanced than China, [185];
- the Treaty of Shimonosaki, [228];
- England suddenly favours Japan, [244];
- Japan leaves Liao-tung in consequence of the demand by Russia, France, and Germany, [247];
- her fears of Russia, [247], [251];
- Russia’s warlike intentions against Japan, [250];
- China desires an alliance, [251];
- compensation for leaving Liao-tung, [251], [252];
- Japan’s high-handed policy in Korea, [256], [257];
- agreement with Russia regarding Korea, [258];
- Japan prepares for a conflict with Russia, [267];
- her commerce with China, [284];
- good relations with China, [285]
- Japanese in Vladivostok, [50];
- origin of the Japanese, [84];
- quite distinct from the Chinese, [85], [171];
- the early Japanese, [85];
- the Shinto religion, [85];
- their power of assimilation, [93];
- costumes, [111], [115], [132];
- proud of their victory over the Chinese, [112];
- their houses, [114], [115];
- the children, [115], [116];
- European costume, [116];
- their industries in their own hands, [122], [123];
- their food, [130];
- dwellings of the peasantry, [131];
- disuse of furniture, [131];
- freedom of the women, [132];
- artistic instinct of the Japanese, [132];
- cost of living, [133];
- charges brought against merchants, [140];
- Japanese do not yet understand the value of time, [141];
- the three classes of society not exclusive, [155];
- indifference to politics, [163];
- their hardiness, [166];
- lack of inventiveness, [177];
- attention to detail, [177];
- unpunctuality, [177];
- indifference to death, [221]
- Jews in Siberia, [15]
- Jimmu-Tenno, first Emperor of Japan, [83], [84]
- Jinrikisha, the, in Japan, [116];
- Junks, Japanese, rapidly disappearing, [112]
- Jute carpet-making at Osaka, [121]
- K
- Kaborski tchaï, the, [9]
- Kagoshima bombarded by the British, [106]
- Kainsk, the Jerusalem of Siberia, [15]
- Kaiping, coal-mines at, [189]
- Kalmucks, the, [10]
- Kami, or superior beings, [85]
- Kamtchatka reached by the Cossacks Alexief and Dezhnief, [3]
- Kang-Yu-Wei, the Reformer, [278];
- his party known as the Anglo-Japanese, [280]
- Kansk, the refuges for immigrants at, [46]
- Kara Sea, navigation only possible during six weeks, [62]
- Kazan, the Tatar kingdom, annexed by Russia, [1]
- Khabarof, the Ataman, establishes himself on the Amur, [3]
- Khabarofsk, the military element at, [39];
- Kiakhta, tea passing through, [32];
- the three parts of the town, [32]
- Kiao-chau seized by the Germans, [268];
- made a free port, [286]
- Kioto, feudal princes never allowed to enter, [97];
- Kirghiz Steppes crossed by the Russians in 1847, [3]
- Kirghiz tribe, the, [10];
- Kiu-Siu settled by Mongolian pirates, [84]
- Kobylkas, the, [25]
- Korea, Japan has a free hand in, [246];
- Koreans settled in and about Vladivostok, [13], [50]–53;
- Koreans introduce the art of writing into Japan, [86]
- Kowloon, the peninsula of, ceded to England, [273]
- Krasnoyarsk, the theatre at, [41];
- the English-Siberian Company establishes an agency at, [62]
- Kuang-Su, Emperor of China, [277];
- his reforming tendencies, [278]
- Kuznetsk attractive to Siberian immigrants, [47]
- L
- Lamuts, the, [6]
- Land-owners, rich, greatly needed in Siberia, [26]
- Land tenure in Japan, [180]
- Larches, great height of the, [6]
- Leather, Russian, imported into Siberia, [26]
- Lena, River, discovered in 1637, [3]
- Letters, time occupied to reach the Far East shortened by one-half by the Trans-Siberian Railway, [79]
- Liao-ho, River, [73]
- Liao-tung, peninsula of, the Japanese ordered to quit, [247];
- Li-Hsi, King of Korea, his vacillating conduct, [257]
- Li Hung-Chang commences the Peking Railway, [189];
- Likin, or Chinese inland Customs, total amount, [219];
- Literati, the, [204];
- Littoral province annexed by Russia, [13];
- London, distance to Vladivostok and Port Arthur, [76]
- M
- Manchu Dynasty, the, dethrones the Mings, [199]
- Manchuria, Chinese activity in, [52];
- Manchurian Railway, China allows Russia to build the, [67];
- Manchus, the, oppose the Russians in Siberia, [3];
- Mandarinate, the, never acclimatized in Japan, [87];
- Marshlands on the banks of the Obi and the Irtysh, [7]
- Match industry, Japanese, [121]
- Merchants, Siberian, [17];
- Mikado, almost a god, [85];
- Milk, excellent, in Siberia, [22]
- Millet in China, [199]
- Mings, Tombs of the, [199], [200]
- Minusinsk, the centre of settlement in Siberia, [48]
- Mir system introduced in Siberia, [24]
- Missionaries, female, [230];
- Chinese superstitions regarding missionaries, [232]
- Moji, rapidly rivalling Nagasaki, [112]
- Mongolia, Russian, [12]
- Mongolian pirates settle in Kiu-Siu, [84]
- Mongols, the Kalmuck, [10]
- Mosque, the northernmost in the world at Tomsk, [10]
- Mosquitoes, troublesome, in Siberia, [9]
- Mouravief-Amurski, Count, favours the Trans-Siberian Railway, [64]
- Mujiks, [10]
- (see also Siberians)
- N
- Nagasaki, Christians in, [94];
- Nan-kow, [201]
- Natives of the Tundra Zone, [16];
- Navy, Japanese, strengthened, [141];
- its importance, [165]
- Nertchinsk, treaty of, [3];
- Newspapers, Japanese, [163]
- Nicholas II. stops transportation into Siberia, [53]
- Nikko, magnificent temples at, [202]
- Niu-chwang, railway being laid to;
- the Niu-chwang Railway affair, [275]
- Nobunaga Ota seizes the government, [91]
- O
- Oats, [7], [24]
- Obi, climate in its upper valley, [21];
- Odessa, enormous Customs on tea at, [36]
- Okhotsk, the, discovered, [3];
- native tribes in the region of the, [52]
- Olekma, a tributary of the Lena, [7]
- Omsk, situation of, [38];
- the Trans-Siberian Railway, [45]
- Opium-smoking in China, [225], [241]
- Opium War, the, [228]
- Orthodox Church, Kirghiz converted to the, [10];
- it abstains from propaganda in China, [248]
- Osaka, the Manchester of Japan, [118];
- Ostiaka, the, [6];
- their origin, [10]
- Ostrogs, or Siberian block-houses, [3]
- P
- Paris, distance to Vladivostok and Port Arthur, [76];
- also to Tokio, [77]
- Parliaments, Japanese, instability of, [154];
- Pe-chi-li, Gulf of, Russia dominates the, [74];
- its flatness, [188]
- Peking, the railway at, [77];
- the city and walls, [191], [192];
- street scenes, [192], [193];
- shops, [193];
- the main thoroughfares and side streets, [194];
- houses, [194];
- scene from the walls, [195];
- insolence of the people to foreigners, [195];
- monuments, [195], [196];
- its decay, [196];
- the environs, [199];
- entry of the Allies into Peking, [228];
- projection of a railway to Hankow, [268]
- Père Marquette, size of the, [69]
- Peter the Great’s wish to extend Russia westwards, [3]
- Petersburg, St., distance to Vladivostok and Port Arthur, [76]
- Petroleum, use of, by the Japanese, [114]
- Pigs non-existent in Japan, [120]
- Pine-trees, Siberian, [6], [11]
- Pinto, Fernan Mendez, the Portuguese navigator, arrives in Japan, [92]
- ‘Pity of the Slav,’ the, [21]
- Podorojne, the official passport for Siberia, [58]
- Population, Siberian, in 1851, [3], [4];
- Port Arthur better placed than Vladivostok, [49];
- Ports, Chinese, [188]
- Portuguese, first appearance in Japan, [92];
- great influx of the, [93]
- Postal-road of Siberia, the, [11];
- Postal service, Japanese, cheapness of the, [176]
- Post-stations, Siberian, each provided with forty horses, [21];
- Potatoes in Japan, [130]
- Powers’ change of tone towards China after the war, [185];
- their surprise at China’s downfall, [243]
- Protestants not tolerated in Russia, [14], [15];
- their churches in all large Siberian towns, [15]
- R
- Railway loan, Japanese, [145];
- Raskolniks, the, [16]
- Reindeer, the, in Northern Siberia, [6]
- Religion, Japan refuses to accept our, [174];
- the Chinese and our religion, [230]
- Restaurants on the Trans-Siberian Railway, [78], [79]
- Rice, cultivation of, in Japan, [126];
- Rivers of Siberia covered for months by ice, [4];
- Russia, expansion eastwards, [1];
- abandons the lower Amur, [3];
- her colonization, [4];
- the Empire as a gold-producing centre, [27];
- overland commerce with China, [32];
- population, [43];
- emigration, [44];
- her subjects only allowed to work the Siberian gold-mines, [53];
- concessions to the English-Siberian Company, [62];
- allowed by China to build the Manchurian Railway, [67];
- which is absolutely in the hands of Russia, [71];
- Japan’s distrust of, [168];
- her new policy in China, [186];
- Russia displeased by the war, [245];
- desires an outlet to the sea, [245];
- she covets North China, [246];
- Russia, France, and Germany order Japan to quit Liao-tung, [247];
- Japan’s fear of Russia, [247];
- better liked than any other European Power by China, [248];
- her warlike intentions against Japan, [250];
- China becomes alarmed of Russia, [251];
- her influence in the war settlement, [251], [252];
- Russia stands guarantee for China, [255];
- her activity in Korea, [256];
- offer of service to Korea, [257];
- agreement with Japan in Korea, [258];
- Russia’s preponderating influence, [258], [259];
- she obtains the lease of Port Arthur, [271], [272];
- danger of war with England, [272];
- the Niu-chwang Railway affair, [275];
- Russia’s interests in China political, [286]
- Russians, their religious toleration, [14];
- Russo-Chinese Bank established, [255], [256]
- S
- Saigon, [77]
- Saigon, Marshal, quells the Satsuma insurrection, [108]
- Saké, the Japanese drink, [130], [131]
- Sakhalin, Island of, population, [13];
- inveterate criminals sent to, [54]
- Samoyeds, the, [6];
- their number, [10]
- Samourai, the, [6];
- Satsumata-Choshiu combination, the, [156], [157];
- Sayan Mountains, the, [12]
- Scenery of Central Siberia, [9]
- Selenga River, [12]
- Serfdom never existed in Siberia, [20]
- Shanghai two days from Port Arthur, [77];
- Shan-tung, coal-beds in, [184];
- Germany constitutes Shan-tung a sphere of interest, [271]
- Sheep unknown in Japan, [128]
- Shimonosaki, Strait of, [112];
- Shintoism, [85];
- its rites, [86]
- Shogunate, the, [89], [90];
- Siberia, its conquest by Russia, [2];
- treated as a penal settlement, [3];
- opened to colonization, [3];
- population, [3], [4], [13], [55];
- Siberia compared with Canada, [4], [5], [55];
- its rivers, [4];
- climate, [5], [25];
- the three zones, [5]–7;
- its scenery, [9], [11], [12];
- conditions of existence better in Siberia than in Russia, [9];
- the Russian population in the West, [10];
- religious toleration, [14]–16;
- Siberia a prolongation of Russia, [15], [17], [49];
- absence of great landlords, [17], [26];
- land rented to farmers, [18];
- primitive methods of cultivation, [21], [25];
- domestic animals, [22];
- the more populous regions, [23];
- land tenure, [24];
- lack of means of communication, [25];
- mineral wealth, [27]–29;
- limited industries, [30];
- the tea traffic, [31];
- other commerce, [37];
- towns, [38], [39];
- immigration, [43]–48;
- transportation of convicts, [53]–55;
- what is needed, [55];
- loneliness of the country, [58];
- inundations, [59];
- a cross-country journey, [61];
- Siberia entered by the Arctic Ocean, [61]–63;
- trade between England and Siberia, [62];
- the Ural Railway, [65];
- trans-continent river and rail system fails, [65], [66];
- the Trans-Siberian Railway, [66]–75;
- the transformation it will effect, [79], [80]
- Siberians, conditions of peasant life, [9], [10];
- better off in Siberia than in Russia, [18];
- their ignorance of hygiene, [18];
- apathy of the peasants, [19];
- their favourite texts from Scripture, [20];
- the ‘pity of the Slav,’ 21;
- the traffic on the postal-road, [21];
- ignorance of the peasants of agricultural science, [24], [25];
- rich, [41];
- do not like the new railway, [42];
- nor immigration, [46];
- their resignation, [59]
- Sibir, Tobolsk erected on its site, [2]
- Silk imported into Siberia, [37];
- Chinese silk exported, [241]
- Silver mines, Siberian, [28]
- Stanovoi Mountains, the, [47]
- Stretensk on the Amur, [25]
- Strogonofs obtain trading concessions, [2]
- Suiko, Empress, [87]
- Sungari River, [73], [74]
- Summer Palace, the, [202], [203]
- Sze-chuan, coal-beds of, [184]
- T
- Tarantass, the, [57]
- Tatar, kingdoms annexed, [1];
- Taxes, Japanese, [150], [151];
- Tea, traffic in Siberia, [31];
- Telega, the, [45]
- Telephone, the, in Siberia, [40];
- in Tokio, [114]
- Temples, Chinese, [202]
- Theatres, Siberian, [41]
- Tien-tsin, the railway at, [77], [189];
- Tiumen, [11]
- Tobacco introduced by the Portuguese into Japan, [94];
- its cultivation, [130]
- Tobolsk, its erection, [2];
- Tobolsk, the Government of, [10];
- Tokio, distance to Vladivostok, [77];
- Tokugawa, the, [100]
- Tomsk, the mosque at, [10];
- Tomsk, Government of, population, [13], [23];
- Tongking, its copper-mines attract the French to, [185];
- Towns, absence of large, in Siberia, [38];
- Trans-Baikalia, climate, [5];
- Trans-Siberian Railway, [10];
- destined to revolutionize Siberia, [42], [56];
- why originally designed, [64], [65];
- the Ural Railway, [65];
- Alexander III. decrees its execution, [66];
- how it will cross Lake Baikal, [66], [69];
- length, [66], [73];
- the Manchurian section, [67];
- its construction easy, [67], [68];
- bridges, [68];
- workmen, [70];
- its cost, [70];
- distance viâ the Trans-Siberian Railway to the Far East, [76];
- the train-de-luxe, [77];
- journey to the Far East much shortened by it, [77];
- fares, [78];
- restaurants, [78], [79];
- too expensive for heavy merchandise, [79];
- facilities for forwarding letters to the East, [79];
- Russia awaiting its completion, [259]
- Treaties, Japanese commercial, [178]–180;
- treaties respecting foreigners in China, [228]
- Treaty Ports, list of Chinese, [234], note;
- Trees of Siberia, [6]
- Troitskosavsk, [32], [33]
- Troops, Russian, in the East, [13], [166]
- Tundra Zone, the, of Siberia, [5];
- area and population, [6]
- Turki population of Siberia, [14]
- U
- United States demand the opening of Japanese ports, [103];
- their commerce with China, [284]
- University at Tomsk, the, [40]
- Ural Railway opened in 1880, [60]
- V
- Vegetables not cultivated in Siberia, [19]
- Verkhoyansk, its severe climate, [6]
- Villages of Siberia, [11];
- Vitim, military government of, [12]
- Vladivostok, the sea covered with ice in winter, [5];
- the military element at, [38];
- Vladivostok not so good as Port Arthur, [49];
- the town and harbour, [49];
- population, [50];
- the journey to, [56];
- main terminus of the Trans-Siberian Railway removed to Port Arthur, [67];
- Vladivostok a point of vantage, [74];
- distance from Vladivostok to the European capitals, [76];
- to Tokio, [77];
- Chinese in, [232]
- Voltaire’s idea of a Siberian highroad, [64]
- W
- Wages in China, increase of, [238], [239]
- Wei-hai-wei ceded to England, [273]
- Western civilization not a monopoly of one race, [172]
- Wheat in Siberia, [7], [24];
- in China, [199]
- Wiggins, Captain, enters the mouth of the Yenissei, [62]
- Witte, M. de, chief promoter of the Manchurian Railway, [71];
- his successful Chinese financial policy, [255]
- Women, Japanese, freedom of, [132];
- Women and children employed in Japanese match factories, [121];
- Wood, very dear in China, [34];
- used for architectural purposes, [202]
- X
- Xavier, St. Francis, visits Japan, [91];
- introduces Christianity there, [93]
- Y
- Yablonovoi Mountains, the, [67]
- Yang-tsze-Kiang, dense population of the valley of the, [184];
- no part of its basin ever to be ceded, [271]
- Yakutsk, climate, [6];
- ‘Yellow Peril,’ the, [186], [239];
- if Japan and China united, [246]
- Yellow River, coal-beds on the banks of the, [184];
- its mouth, [188]
- Yenissei, Government of the population, [12], [13];
- Yenissei River, its mouth reached in 1636, [3];
- Yokohama, railway opened to, [108];
- the third port in the Far East, [113]
- Yoritomo overthrows the Taira, [89];
- Yoshitsune wins the Battle of Dan-no-ura, [89];
- his adventures and death, [89]
- Yunnan, copper-mines of, [184];
- a poor province, [261]
- Z
- Zaïmka system in Siberia, the, [24]
[1]. Mr. Richard Davey is responsible for the translation of this work, but I have added a footnote here and there (signed by my initials), and I have revised the spelling of the proper names to bring them into accordance with English usage. To forestall the charge of inconsistency, I may say that I have acted on the principle generally adopted in the spelling of European proper names, that is, I have retained improper spellings consecrated by long custom—for instance, Chefoo, Suchow, Hankow, Kowloon, just as we write Florence, Munich, Naples, Moscow. But names not yet regularly Europeanized I have spelled according to a consistent and more reasonable system of transliteration-as Kiao-chau, Pe-chi-li, Kwei-chau. The French spelling of Chinese proper names looks very strange to an English eye, and would convey a wholly false impression to an English ear.
[2]. The Times, September 13th, 1900.
[3]. For example, the writer signing himself ‘Diplomaticus’ in the Fortnightly Review for September, 1900, airily dismisses as ‘illusions’ the belief that ‘China was gradually crumbling to ruin, that she was incapable of organized resistance to the foreigner, that her millions were unconscious of a national spirit and incapable of progress.’ Each one of these ‘illusions’ is an elementary fact about China, except so far as foreign help and guidance may alter it.
[4]. The Times special correspondent, September 11th, 1900.
[5]. Written especially for the American edition by the author.
[6]. The position of the Manchu Dynasty in China is somewhat analogous to that of the Shogunate in Japan, which was also caught some forty years ago between the national sentiment and the foreigner. But in Japan, when the Shogunate fell, there remained the divine Emperor, whose prestige covered all the reforms which enlightened statesmen carried out. In China, after the Manchu Dynasty, nothing remains but chaos.
[7]. ‘Yermak,’ the millstone, was the nickname given to Vassil, son of Timothy, a tracker of the Volga, because he ground the corn for his party. He was not a Cossack by birth, but joined the Don Cossack pirates.—H. N.