[244] Lewis and Clark describe this process of primitive bead-making, related to them by Garreau, the Arikkara interpreter, in Original Journals, i, pp. 272-274; see also Catlin, North American Indians, ii, p. 261. If the Mandan acquired this art from the Snake Indians, as tradition avers, their pounded glass was probably obsidian from the cliffs of the upper Yellowstone. See also Matthews, Hidatsa Indians, pp. 22, 23.—Ed.
[245] The Mandan art of ceramics, with its similarity to the productions found in the mounds of the Eastern states, has been frequently noted. Compare Henry-Thompson Journals, i, p. 328; Catlin, North American Indians, i, p. 116; ii, pp. 260, 261; and W. H. Holmes, "Aboriginal Pottery of the Eastern United States," in United States Bureau of Ethnology Report, 1898-99, pp. 197-201, with illustrations.—Ed.
[246] See Plate 48, with buffalo boats in the foreground, in the accompanying atlas, our volume xxv. For a description of the process of making these bull-boats, see Original Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, v, pp. 325, 326; for a vivid account of the manner of navigating them, see Henry-Thompson Journals, i, pp. 331, 332.—Ed.
[247] Consult on the subject of courtship and marriage, Catlin, North American Indians, i, pp. 120, 121. Matthews, Hidatsa Indians, pp. 52-54, claims that the custom of the more reputable families is not mere wife-purchase, but is based upon mutual respect, and the ability of the husband as a hunter and provider.—Ed.
[248] Matthews, Hidatsa Indians, p. 15, criticises Maximilian for this statement, saying "Why boast of a deed which was no great achievement?" Catlin likewise extols the chastity of girls in respectable families. The evidence of Alexander Henry is in the opposite direction. Consult also Bradbury, in our volume v, p. 166.—Ed.
[249] See Plate 54, figure 6, in the accompanying atlas, our volume xxv.—Ed.
[250] Consult Matthews, Hidatsa Indians, pp. 54-57. Communication with the mother-in-law was formerly considered improper.—Ed.
[251] The berdash was noted by most early travellers among Western Indians. Marquette found them among the Illinois (Thwaites, Jesuit Relations, lix, p. 129). See also Henry-Thompson Journals, i, pp. 53, 348.
For Mc Kenzie see Franchère's Narrative, in our volume vi, p. 185, note 4. Tanner is noted in our volume xxii, p. 390, note 367. George Henry, Baron von Langsdorff (1774-1852), was a German scientist and traveller who entered Russian service, making several journeys in the interest of that power. In 1803-07, he visited Kamschatka and Russian America as far as California, returning overland through Siberia. Maximilian here refers to his description of this journey, published first as Bemerkungen auf einer Reise um die Welt in 1803-07 (Frankfort, 1812), and translated as Voyages and Travels in various parts of the World during the years 1803-07 (London, 1813-14). Langsdorff later visited Brazil under the auspices of the Russian government.—Ed.
[252] For these two savants see our volume xxii, notes 27 and 87 respectively.—Ed.