Not an actual "triumph," but a triumphal celebration of his inauguration as consul.
The reference is to the old custom of distributing to the populace largesses (congiaria) of money or valuables on the occasion of events of interest to the imperial house, such as the emperor's assumption of the consular office, birthdays, etc. The first largess of this kind was made by Julius Caesar.
Cf. Book IV. ii. 1.
The Canaanites of the Old Testament.
i.e., Clypea, or Aspis, now Kalibia, on the Carthaginian coast.