1.—A winning hazard is made by the player causing his own ball to hit an object ball and forcing the latter into a pocket.
2.—A losing hazard is made by the player causing his own ball to hit an object ball and forcing his own ball into a pocket.
3.—A cannon is made by causing the player's ball to strike the two object balls. By Billiard Association rules, when two object balls are struck simultaneously, the stroke shall be scored as if the white had been struck first. Under National Rules, such a stroke counts as if the red were struck first.
4.—A coup is made by forcing the player's own ball into a pocket without first striking another ball.
A miss counts one, a coup three, to the opposite player.
The scores are counted as follows:—
A.—A two stroke is made by pocketing an opponent's ball—i.e., a winning hazard; or by pocketing the striker's ball off his opponent's—i.e., a losing hazard; or by making a cannon.
B.—A three stroke is made by pocketing the red ball—i.e., a red winning hazard; or by pocketing the striker's ball off the red—i.e., a red losing hazard.
C.—A four stroke may be made by pocketing the white and spot-white balls; or by making a cannon and pocketing an opponent's ball; or by making a cannon and pocketing the striker's ball, the opponent's ball having been first hit.