King's Square, or more shortly K sq., or K 1. The square in front of it is K 2; the next K 3, and so on throughout the file. In like manner with the other files. The pieces on the right side of the King are called the King's pieces—i.e., King's Bishop,

K B; King's Knight, K Kt; King's Rook, K R; and the pieces on the left of the Queen are called Queen's pieces—i.e., Queen's Bishop, Q B; Queen's Knight, Q Kt; Queen's Rook, Q R. The same rule applies to the black pieces; so that each square has two names, as it may be necessary to describe it with reference to the one or the other player. Thus White's King's square would be Black's King's eight (K 8), whilst Black's King's square would be White's King's eight (K 8), and so on with all the other squares.

Method of Recording Games.

The following are the abbreviations in use in scoring with the aid of the English notation:

K = King; Q = Q; R = Rook; K R = King's Rook; Q R = Queen's Rook; B = Bishop; K B = King's Bishop; Q B = Queen's Bishop; Kt = Knight; K Kt = King's Knight; Q Kt = Queen's Knight; P = Pawn; ch. = check; dis. ch. = discovered check; e.p. = en passant; Castles, or o—o = Castles on the King's side; and Castles Q R, or o—o—o = Castles on the Queen's side. To take may be noted "takes," or shorter thus, ×; (!) indicates a good move; (?) a bad or indifferent move; + the better game; - the inferior game; = an even game. To familiarise himself with the system the reader is recommended to study, with the aid of the board, the following example, a "Ruy Lopez" game, recorded according to the English notation.

WHITE.BLACK.
X. Z.
1.P to K 41.P to K 4
2.Kt to K B 32.Kt to Q B 3
3.B to Kt 53.P to Q R 3
4.B to R 44.Kt to B 3
5.Castles5.P to Q Kt 4
6.B to Kt 36.B to K 2
7.P to Q 47.P to Q 3
8.P to B 38.B to Kt 5
9.B to K 39.Castles
10.Q Kt to Q 210.P to Q 4
11.K P takes P11.K Kt takes P
12.Q to B 212.P takes P
13.B takes P13.Kt takes B
14.Kt takes Kt14.Q to Q 2
15.Q Kt to B 315.B to B 3
16.Q to K 416.K B takes Kt
17.B takes Kt17.B takes Kt
18.Q takes Q B18.Resigns.

A variation of this is the "fractional" notation, in which White's move is recorded above the line, and Black's below the line—e.g.:

1.P to K 42.Kt to K B 33.B to Kt 5
P to K 4Kt to Q B 3P to Q R 3

The moves may be recorded in columns or in lines, according to individual choice. "To" is frequently represented by a dash—e.g., instead of P to K 4, P—K 4. A single move of Black is recorded thus: 1. ... P to K 4 (or, P—K 4); 16. ... K B takes Kt (or, K B × Kt); the dots standing in lieu of White's preceding move.