5.
...
Kt to Q R 4[[89]]
6.
B to Kt 5: ch.
P to B 3
7.
P takes P
P takes P
8.
B to K 2[[90]]
P to K R 3
9.
Kt to K B 3
P to K 5
10.
Kt to K 5
Q to B 2
11.
P to K B 4
B to Q 3
12.
P to Q 4
P takes P e.p.
13.
B takes P
B takes Kt
14.
Q to K 2
Castles
15.
P takes B
R to K sq.
16.
Castles
R takes P
17.
B to K B 4
Q to Kt 3: ch.
18.
Q to B 2
Q takes Q: ch.
19.
R takes Q
R to K 8: ch.
20.
R to B sq.
R takes R: ch.
21.
K takes R, &c.
...
White has the better pawn
position on the Queen's side.
THE RUY LOPEZ.

This Opening, invented by the Spaniard Ruy Lopez in the sixteenth century, is still resorted to in tournaments and matches, where caution and safety are essential. Instead of developing the Bishop to Q B 4 with the intention of an attack upon Black's weakest point—viz., the K B P, White plays 3. B to Q Kt 5, threatening 4. B takes Kt, and 5. Kt takes P. In answer to 3. B to Kt 5, Black may play 3. ... P to Q R 3; 3. ... K Kt to B 3 (best); 3. ... K Kt to K 2 (not so good); 3. ... B to B 4; 3. ... Kt to Q 5 (not to be recommended); 3. ... P to Q 3 (a safe, but dull defence); 3. ... P to B 4 (risky); and 3. ... P to K Kt 3, the latter involving the development of the K B to Kt 2.

White's replies are, in answer to 3. ... P to Q R 3; 4. B takes Kt; or 4. B to R 4. And in answer to 3. ... Kt to B 3; 4. Kt to B 3; 4. P to Q 3; 4. Q to K 2; 4. P to Q 4, or 4. Castles.

The main defences are 3. ... P to Q R 3, and 3. ... Kt to B 3. The latter is to be preferred; for to a certain extent the White Bishop is not in such a favourable position at Kt 5 as at R 4; it should, therefore, not be driven into a better one.

WHITE.BLACK.
1.P to K 41.P to K 4
2.Kt to K B 32.Kt to Q B 3
3.B to Kt 5

These moves complete the Ruy Lopez Opening.

...3.P to Q R 3
4.B to R 4...

White could here temporarily win a pawn with 4. B takes Kt, Q P takes B, 5. Kt takes P. But 5. ... Q to Q 5 wins it back for Black; it is, therefore, useless to exchange the powerful King's Bishop.