Each of these views has respectable supporters. The former is decidedly preferred by the present writer.
[§ 398]. What, however, are thine and mine? Are they adjectives like meus, tuus, and suus, or cases like mei, tui, sui, in Latin, and hi-s in English?
It is no answer to say that sometimes they are one and sometimes the other. They were not so originally. They did not begin with meaning two things at once; on the contrary, they were either possessive cases, of which the power became subsequently adjectival, or adjectives, of which the power became subsequently possessive.
[§ 399]. In Anglo-Saxon and in Old Saxon there is but one form to express the Latin mei (or tui), on the one side, and meus, mea, meum (or tuus, &c.), on the other. In several other Gothic tongues, however, there was the following difference of form:
| Mœso-Gothic | meina | = mei | as opposed to | meins | = meus. |
| þeina | = tui | - | þeins | = tuus. | |
| Old High German | mîn | = mei | - | mîner | = meus. |
| dîn | = tui | - | dîner | = tuus. | |
| Old Norse | min | = mei | - | minn | = meus. |
| þin | = tui | - | þinn | = tuus. | |
| Middle Dutch | mîns | = mei | - | mîn | = meus. |
| dîns | = tui | - | dîn | = tuus. | |
| Modern High German | mein | = mei | - | meiner | = meus. |
| dein | = tui | - | deiner | = tuus. |
In these differences of form lie the best reasons for the assumption of a genitive case, as the origin of an adjectival form; and, undoubtedly, in those languages where both forms occur, it is convenient to consider one as a case and one as an adjective.
[§ 400]. But this is not the present question. In
Anglo-Saxon there is but one form, min and þin = mei and meus, tui and tuus, indifferently. Is this form an oblique case or an adjective?
This involves two sorts of evidence.
[§ 401]. Etymological evidence.—Assuming two powers for the words min and þin, one genitive, and one adjectival, which is the original one? Or, going beyond the Anglo-Saxon, assuming that of two forms like meina and meins, the one has been derived from the other, which is the primitive, radical, primary, or original one?