3. That this fuller form is the Gothic equivalent of the Latin cum=with.
Such are the views respecting the form of the word in question. Respecting its meaning, the following points seem to be made out:—
1. That when prefixed to nouns (as is, not rarely, the case), it carries with it the idea of association or collection:—M. G. sinþs=a journey, ga-sinþa=a companion; O. M. G. perc=hill; ki-pirki=(ge-birge) a range of hills.
2. That it has also a frequentative power. Things which recur frequently recur with a tendency to collection or association:—M. H. G. ge-rassel=rustling; ge-rumpel=crumpling.
3. That it has also the power of expressing the possession of a quality:—
| A.-S. | Eng. | A.S. | Latin. |
| feax | hair, | ge-feax | comatus. |
| heorte | heart, | ge-heort | cordatus. |
This is because every object is associated with the object that possesses it—a sea with waves=a wavy sea.
The present writer has little doubt that the Tumali grammar of Dr. Tutshek supplies a similar (and at the same time a very intelligible) application of a particle equivalent to the Latin cum.
He believes that the Tumali word=with is what would commonly be called the sign of the plural number of the personal pronouns; just as me-cum and te-cum would become equivalents to nos and vos, if the first syllables were nominative instead of oblique, and if the preposition denoted indefinite conjunction. In such a case