Ritson, and Weber, from së ylca, is found in the following forms: Mœso-Gothic, þêleiks; Norse, þvilikr. (Grimm, iii. 49.)

3. Ilk.—Found in the Scotch, and always preceded by the article; the ilk, or that ilk, meaning the same. In Anglo-Saxon this word is ylca, preceded also by the article se ylca, seó ylce, þæt ylce. In English, as seen above, the word is replaced by same. In no other Gothic dialect does it occur. According to Grimm, this is no simple word, but a compound one, of which some such word as ei is the first, and lîc the second element. (Deutsche Grammatik, iii. 50.)

Aught.—In Mœso-Gothic is found the particle aiv, ever, but only in negative propositions; ni (not) preceding it. Its Old High German form is êo, io; in Middle High German, ie in New High German, je; in Old Saxon, io; in Anglo-Saxon, â; in Norse, æ. Combined with this particle the word whit (thing) gives the following forms: Old High German, éowiht; Anglo-Saxon, âviht; Old Frisian, âwet; English, aught. The word naught is aught preceded by the negative particle. (Deutsche Grammatik, iii. 52.)

Each.—The particle gi enters, like the particle in the composition of pronouns. Old High German, êogalîher, every one; êocalih, all; Middle High German, iegelich; New High German, jeglich; Anglo-Saxon, ælc; English, each; the l being dropped, as in which and such. Ælc, as the original of the English each and the Scotch ilka,[[42]] must by no means be confounded with the word ylce, the same. (Grimm, D. G. iii. 54.)

Every, in Old English, everich, everech, everilk one, is ælc, preceded by the particle ever. (Grimm, D. G. iii. 54.)

Either.—Old High German, êogahuëdar; Middle High German, iegewëder; Anglo-Saxon, æghväðer, ægðer; Old Frisian, eider.

Neither.—The same, with the negative article prefixed. Neither : either :: naught : aught.

Other, whether.—These words, although derived forms, being simpler than some that have preceded, might fairly

have been dealt with before. They make, however, a transition from the present to the succeeding chapter, and so find a place here.

A. First, it may be stated of them that the idea which they express is not that of one out of many, but that of one out of two.