3. It occurs, with a few fragmentary exceptions, in none of the Scandinavian languages of the Gothic stock.
4. In Anglo-Saxon it occasionally indicates a difference of sense; as hâten=called, ge-hâten=promised, boren=borne, ge-boren=born.
5. It occurs in nouns as well as verbs.
6. Its power, in the case of nouns, is generally some idea of association, or collection.—Mœso-Gothic, sinþs=a journey, ga-sinþa=a companion; Old High German, perc=hill; ki-perki (ge-birge)=a range of hills.
7. But it has also a frequentative power; a frequentative power which is, in all probability, secondary to its collective power: since things which recur frequently recur with a tendency to collection or association; Middle High German, ge-rassel=rustling; ge-rumpel=c-rumple.
8. And it has also the power of expressing the possession of a quality.
| Anglo-Saxon. | English. | Anglo-Saxon. | Latin. |
| Feax | Hair | Ge-feax | Comatus. |
| Heorte | Heart | Ge-heort | Cordatus. |
| Stence | Odour | Ge-stence | Odorus. |
This power is also a collective, since every quality is associated with the object that possesses it: a sea with waves=a wavy sea.
9. Hence it is probable that the ga-, ki-, or gi-, Gothic, is the cum of Latin languages. Such is Grimm's view, as given in Deutsche Grammatik, i. 1016.