10 quarters of corn, per bushel, 12d.£4
20 quarters of barley, per bushel, 8d.106s. 8d.
10 quarters of oats, per bushel, 3d.26s. 8d.
20 capons, per caput, 4d.6s. 8d.
20 pigeons, per caput, 4d.6s. 8d.
12 great fish called trouts, per caput, 3d.3s.”

(Survey of South Newton, ibid.).

[401] See pp. [139–147].

[402] See Northumberland County History, vol. ix., account of Cowpen, and Victoria County History, Lancashire, article on Social and Economic History. For the same reasons mills and fisheries were naturally the first parts of a mediæval manor to be leased for terms of years.

[403] Owing to the advantages which the small holding has for dairy purposes (personal attention to cattle, &c.), it is still the custom in parts of the country, e.g. Devonshire, for the large farmers to sublet small dairy farms out of their holdings, and to supply the lessee with all the stock, including the cows and the cottage. See Levy, Large and Small Holdings, chap. ix.

[404] Several examples of this are to be found in the Pembroke Surveys. Contemporaries called it “the engrossing of farms.”

[405] Roxburghe Club, Surveys of Lands of William, First Earl of Pembroke. The farmer has four closes of meadow amounting to 9 acres, one meadow of 2½ acres, one meadow of 7 acres, one meadow of 8½ acres. In addition to that and the hilly pasture, there is in his possession “unus campus noviter inclusus, qui aliquando seminatur, aliquando iacet ad pasturam,” and which “olim sustentare potuit 900 oves et catalla non extenta.”

[406] Ibid., “De terra montanea unde pars includitur cum sepe iuxta Crowcheston continens per estimationem 100 acres, et custodire potest supra prædictam 900 oves.” Sometimes it is expressly stated that the farmer alone is to have a certain pasture, e.g. at Chalke (ibid): “Et etiam dictus firmarius habet ibidem unum montem vocatum a Doune et bene cognitum est quia circumcinctum est per sepem et bundas, et custodire potest 600 multones quia nullus habet communiam in eo nisi firmarius solus, et continet per estimacionem 200 acres.”

[407] R.O. Rentals and Surveys, Gen. Ser., Portf. 24, No. 4, f. 46 (temp. Hen. VIII.). “The fold course will carry 1800 sheep at £8 a hundred.”

[408] In All Souls' Muniment Room.