CONTENTS

CHAPTER I.
PAGE
Early Impressions—First Observations of Monkeys—First Effortsto Learn their Speech—Barriers—The Phonograph Used—A Visit toJokes—My Efforts to Speak to Him—The Sound of Alarm InspiresTerror[1]
CHAPTER II.
The Reconciliation—The Acquaintance of Jennie—TheSalutation—The Words for Food and Drink—Little Banquo, Dago,McGinty, and others[14]
CHAPTER III.
Monkeys have favourite Colours—Can distinguish Numbers andQuantity—Music and Art very limited[24]
CHAPTER IV.
Pedro's Speech Recorded—Delivered to Puck through thePhonograph—Little Darwin learns a new Word[34]

CHAPTER V.
Five little Brown Cousins: Mickie, Nemo, Dodo, Nigger, andMcGinty—Nemo apologises to Dodo[47]
CHAPTER VI.
Dago Talks about the Weather—Tells me of his Troubles—Dodo inthe "Balcony Scene"—Her Portrait by a great Artist[59]
CHAPTER VII.
Interpretation of Words—Specific Words and Signs—The NegativeSign and Sounds—Affirmative Expressions—Possible Origin ofNegative and Positive Signs[69]
CHAPTER VIII.
Meeting with Nellie—Nellie was my Guest—Her Speech andManners—The little Blind Girl—One of Nellie's Friends—HerSight and Hearing—Her Toys, and how she Played with Them[83]
CHAPTER IX.
Nellie's Affections—A little Flirtation—Some of my PersonalFriends[97]
CHAPTER X.
The Capuchin Vocabulary—What I have Found—What I Foresee in it[105]
CHAPTER XI.
The Word for Food in the Rhesus Dialect—The Rhesus Sound ofAlarm—The Dialect of the White-face—Dolly Varden, "UncleRhemus," and others[111]
CHAPTER XII.
Atelles or Spider Monkeys—The Common Macaque—Java Monkeys, andwhat they say—A Happy Family[121]
CHAPTER XIII.
The Extent of my Experiments—Apes and Baboons—MiscellaneousRecords of Sound—The Vocal Index[131]
CHAPTER XIV.
Monkeys and the Mirror—Some of their Antics—Baby Macaque andher Papa—Some other Monkeys[138]
CHAPTER XV.
Man and Ape—Their Physical Relations—Their MentalRelations—Evolution was the Means—Who was the Progenitor ofthe Ape?—The Scale of Life[146]
CHAPTER XVI.
The Faculty of Thought—Emotion and Thought—Instinct andReason—Monkeys Reason—Some Examples[156]

CHAPTER XVII.
Speech Defined—The True Nature of Speech—The Use ofSpeech—The Limitations of Speech[169]
CHAPTER XVIII.
The Motives of Speech—Expression—The Beginning of HumanSpeech—The Present Condition of Speech[177]
CHAPTER XIX.
Language embraces Speech—Speech, Words, Grammar, and Rhetoric[183]
CHAPTER XX.
Life and Consciousness—Consciousness and Emotion—Emotion andThought—Thought and Expression—Expression and Speech—TheVocal Organs and Sound—Speech in City and Country—Music,Passions, and Taste—Life and Reason[190]
CHAPTER XXI.
Certain Marks which Characterise the Sounds of Monkeys asSpeech—Sounds Accompanied by Gestures—Certain Acts followcertain Sounds—They acquire new Sounds—Their Speech addressedto certain Individuals—Deliberation and Premeditation—Theyremember and anticipate Results—Thought and Reason[200]
CHAPTER XXII.
The Phonograph as an Aid to Science—Vowels the Basis ofPhonation—Consonants Developed from a Vowel Basis—Vowels areCompound—The Analysis of Vowels by the Phonograph—CurrentTheories of Sound—Augmentation of Sounds—Sound Waves and SoundUnits—Consonants among the Lower Races[208]
CHAPTER XXIII.
The Human Voice—Human Bagpipe—Human Piccolo, Flute, andFife—The Voice as a Whistle—Music and Noise—Dr. Bell and his"Visible Speech"[219]
CHAPTER XXIV.
Some Curious Facts in Vocal Growth—Children andConsonants—Single, Double, and Treble Consonants—Sounds ofBirds—Fishes and their Language—Insects and their Language[224]
CHAPTER XXV.
Facts and Fancies of Speech—Language in the VegetableKingdom—Language in the Mineral Kingdom[237]
CHAPTER XXVI.
THE SPEECH AND REASON OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS.
Dash and the Baby—Two Collies talk—Eunice understands herMistress—Two Dogs and the Phonograph—A Canine Family—Cats andDogs—Insects—Signs and Sounds[246]

THE SPEECH OF MONKEYS

CHAPTER I.

Early Impressions—First Observations of Monkeys—First Efforts to Learn their Speech—Barriers—The Phonograph Used—A Visit to Jokes—My Efforts to Speak to Him—The Sound of Alarm inspires Terror.

From childhood, I have believed that all kinds of animals have some mode of speech by which they could talk among their own kind, and have often wondered why man had never tried to learn it. I often wondered how it occurred to man to whistle to a horse or dog instead of using some sound more like their own; and even yet I am at a loss to know how such a sound has ever become a fixed means of calling these animals. I was not alone in my belief that all animals had some way to make known to others some certain things; but to my mind the means had never been well defined.

FIRST OBSERVATIONS OF MONKEYS